Prevalence of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle in the limb opposite humeral condylar fracture: 14 dogs

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (03) ◽  
pp. 168-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Crews ◽  
T. Saveraid ◽  
M. G. Conzemius ◽  
R. B. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Kappa Coefficient ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Condylar Fracture ◽  
Contralateral Limb ◽  
Plain Radiographs ◽  
Radiographic Diagnosis ◽  
Humeral Condyle

Summary Objective: The objectives of this study were to determine the frequency of incomplete ossification of the contralateral humeral condyle (IOHC) in mature dogs with unilateral, atraumatic humeral condylar fracture (HCF), and to determine the sensitivity of radio-graphs as a diagnostic tool for IOHC. Methods: Computed tomography and radio-graphs were obtained for both elbows of 14 dogs with unilateral HCF. The images were evaluated by two boarded radiologists and the prevalence of IOHC in the limb contralaterla to the HCF was identified. Sensitivity and specificity of the radiographic diagnosis of IOHC were determined. Results: Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle was present in six of 14 dogs, however IOHC was incomplete in three of the six affected dogs. Plain radiographs had a sensitivity of 0.83 (CI 95%: 0.36 to 0.99) and specificity of 1 (CI 95%: 0.60 to1). The Kappa coefficient between radiologists for radio-graphic examination was 0.714. Of the Spaniel breeds, four out of eight had IOHC in the limb contralateral to the HCF. Clinical significance: Computed tomography evaluation is more sensitive than radiographs for diagnosis of IOHC, particularly when assessing partial or incomplete IOHC. However, sensitivity of radiographic diagnosis is good and should be adequate in most cases. Clinical suspicion of IOHC in the contralateral limb to the unilateral HCF should be present however overall frequency may not be as high as previously reported.

Deformity secondary to bilateral incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle in a German Shorthaired Pointer dog

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 468-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. DeCamp ◽  
C. Agnello ◽  
B. A. Steficek ◽  
D. J. F. von Pfeil
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Elbow Joint ◽  
Medial Aspect ◽  
Heavy Exercise ◽  
Condylar Fracture ◽  
Non Union ◽  
Active Life ◽  
Thoracic Limb ◽  
Humeral Condyle

SummaryA five-month-old male, German Shorthaired Pointer dog was presented for severe, bilateral, thoracic-limb-lameness, with elbow swelling, pain, and crepitus. Radiography and computed tomography confirmed bilateral incomplete ossification of the humeral condyles (IOHC), with a non-displaced incomplete fracture of the left medial epicondylar crest and condylar deformity, characterised by enlargement of the trochleas with extension of the disto-medial aspect of the bone below the normal elbow joint level, and a deformed proximo-medial aspect of the ulna and radius. Transcondylar lag screws were placed bilaterally in an attempt to prevent fracture. Microscopic examination of biopsies, harvested from both humeral condyles, was supportive of IOHC. Six years after surgery, radiographs showed severe osteoarthritis and it appeared that fusion of the humeral condyles had not occurred. The dog followed an active life style until 10 years after surgery when the elbows showed almost no observable range-of-motion. However, discomfort was evident only after heavy exercise. Incomplete ossification of the humeral condyles may be associated with osteoarthritis, risk for non-union, implant failure, or secondary condylar fracture. This dog maintained good limb function despite these concerns, and despite bilateral humeral condylar deformity as well as development of severe osteoarthritis. This is the first report of a German Shorthaired Pointer dog with IOHC and the first histological description supportive of this condition in a five-month-old dog.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF LATERAL HUMERAL CONDYLAR FRACTURE IN CHILDREN

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
A. I. Dorokhin ◽  
H. G. Bagomedov
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Bone Fragment ◽  
Condylar Fracture ◽  
Treatment Experience ◽  
Oblique Projections ◽  
Condyle Fracture ◽  
Humeral Condyle ◽  
Suggested Classification ◽  
Selection Of

Analysis of literature related to treatment of children with humeral condyle fracture (HCF) showed that in 15–51% of cases the outcomes were unsatisfactory. Material and methods. Treatment experience of 486 children with acute HCF fractures aged 1 to 16 years is presented. The diagnostic uses additional oblique projections and computed tomography to detect the degree of dislocation and fragment mobility alongside with standard ultrasound examinations. Patients were distributed as follows considering the degree of HCF bone fragment dislocation: 170 (35%) patients with 1 degree of dislocation and 117 (24%) patients with 2 degree of dislocation, whereas 199 (41%) patients had 3 degree dislocation. Results. The patients were operated using the developed tactical scheme based on the suggested classification. It took into account both the degree of dislocation and fragment mobility in 1 degree fractures. Remote results were examined in 321 (66%) patients within 1–15 years after the trauma: the results were excellent in 278 (87%) cases, good in 29 (%) cases and satisfactory in 13 (4%) cases. Conclusions. Treatment of children with humeral condyle fractures was based on the differentiated approach to selection of treatment method depending on dislocation degree and mobility of a distal bone fragment.

scholarly journals Elbow lameness in dogs of six years and older

2010 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. R. Bergenhuyzen ◽  
I. Gielen ◽  
H. van Bree ◽  
L. Duchateau ◽  
B. Van Ryssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Coronoid Process ◽  
Medial Compartment ◽  
Elbow Arthroscopy ◽  
Arthroscopic Findings ◽  
High Incidence ◽  
Arthroscopic Examination ◽  
Humeral Condyle

Summary Objectives: To report on the frequency and distribution of lesions of the medial coronoid process in dogs of six years of age and older, and to describe the arthroscopic findings in the affected joints. To compare those lesions seen in ‘old’ dogs with those seen in ‘young’ dogs between the ages of five and 18 months. Methods: A retrospective study of dogs six-years-old and older admitted for elbow lameness and subsequent elbow arthroscopy. The dogs were divided into groups according to the lesions of the medial coronoid process diagnosed during arthroscopic examination and computed tomography (CT). The radio-graphic degree of osteoarthritis (OA) and arthroscopically diagnosed lesions on the medial humeral condyle are described. Results: In 51 ‘old’ dogs, five types of lesions could be identified on arthroscopy and CT: chondromalacia-like lesions (2%), fissures (27.5%), non-displaced fragments (12%), displaced fragments (27.5%), and erosions within the medial compartment without fragmentation (31%). A significantly different distribution of lesions was seen in ‘young’ dogs: fissures (23%), non-displaced fragments (45%), displaced fragments (29%), and erosions within the medial compartment without fragmentation (3%). No difference in radio-graphic degree of OA was seen between the two groups. Clinical significance: This study demonstrates the relatively high incidence of medial coronoid disease in dogs older than six years of age, and it highlights one particular problem in ‘old’ dogs: the complete erosion of the medial compartment.

Prevalence of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle and other abnormalities of the elbow in English Springer Spaniels

2012 ◽  
Vol 25 (03) ◽  
pp. 211-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Agthe ◽  
I. A. Schaafsma ◽  
A. P. Moores
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Coronoid Process ◽  
Recent History ◽  
Spring Meeting ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
History Of ◽  
Humeral Condyle

SummaryObjectives: To determine the prevalence of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle (IOHC) and other osseous abnormalities of the elbow in English Springer Spaniels with no history of lameness.Methods: Prospective observational study of English Springer Spaniels with no recent history of lameness. Computed tomography scans of both elbows were obtained from dogs older than six months of age which were anaesthetized or sedated for reasons unrelated to this study. Computed tomography scans were reviewed for the presence of IOHC and other abnormalities of the elbow. Radioulnar incongruity (RUI) measurements from normal elbows were compared to elbows with IOHC and elbows with medial coronoid process (MCP) abnormalities.Results: Computed tomography scans from 50 dogs (100 elbows) were reviewed. The prevalence of IOHC was 14% (8 elbows in 7 dogs). All condylar fissures were incomplete with a mean length of 2.6 mm. Fifty percent of the dogs (44% of elbows) had abnormalities of the medial coronoid process and 60% of the elbows had periarticular osteophytes. Group RUI meansurements for IOHC and MCP were not significantly different from normal elbows.Clinical significance: Small IOHC fissures, periarticular osteophytes and MCP abnormalities may be identified in English Springer Spaniels without forelimb lameness. Abnormalities of the MCP are more common than IOHC.Presented in part at the BVOA Spring Meeting, Birmingham, UK, March 2011.

scholarly journals Radiological Anatomy of Stomach and Duodenum with Clinical Significance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Vora ◽  
Ankur Goyal ◽  
Raju Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Normal Anatomy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Radiological Anatomy ◽  
Current Role ◽  
Accurate Imaging

AbstractAnatomy is the key to accurate imaging interpretation. It is essential for radiologists to thoroughly understand the normal anatomy and spatial relationships of the stomach and duodenum to accurately localize the site of abnormality. In this article, we describe in detail the gross and applied radiological anatomy of the stomach and duodenum, and the current role of various radiological investigations (including barium studies, endoscopic ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging) in the evaluation of the diseases involving the stomach and duodenum.

Effect of Induced Incomplete Ossification of the Humeral Condyle on Ex Vivo Humeral Condylar Biomechanics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Logan M. Scheuermann ◽  
Michael G. Conzemius
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Testing ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Condylar Fracture ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Condylar Fractures ◽  
Humeral Condyle

Abstract Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an induced incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle (IOHC) lesion on ex vivo canine humeral condylar biomechanics. Study Design Nine paired cadaveric elbows were collected from mature dogs weighing between 20 and 25 kg. Left and right limbs were randomized to IOHC or normal groups. Limbs were prepared for mechanical testing; ligaments were preserved and an IOHC lesion was created. Elbows were potted, positioned into a biomaterials testing system at an angle of 135 degrees and axially loaded to failure at a rate of 30 mm/minute. Results Induced IOHC lesions reduced peak load (p = 0.02) when compared with an intact humerus. There was no difference between stiffness (p = 0.36) of intact humeri or humeri with an induced IOHC lesion. An induced IOHC lesion increased (p = 0.012) the probability of intracondylar fracture under load. Conclusion Cadaveric humeri are weakened by the creation of an intracondylar osteotomy and fractures secondary to induced IOHC are similar to spontaneous humeral condylar fractures. These findings support the hypothesis that naturally occurring IOHC weakens the humeral condyle and may predispose to humeral condylar fracture.

Basal Cerebral Computed Tomography as Diagnostic Tool to Improve Patient Selection in Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis

Angiology ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 504-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Felice Pecoraro ◽  
Ettore Dinoto ◽  
Domenico Mirabella ◽  
Giuseppe Corte ◽  
Umberto Marcello Bracale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Patient Selection ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Asymptomatic Carotid ◽  
Improve Patient Selection ◽  
Cerebral Computed Tomography ◽  
Asymptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis ◽  
Improve Patient

Non-contrast Computed Tomography After Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy: Findings and Clinical Significance

Urology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 79 (5) ◽  
pp. 1004-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Sofer ◽  
Ido Druckman ◽  
Arye Blachar ◽  
Jacob Ben-Chaim ◽  
Haim Matzkin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy
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