scholarly journals A Survey of of interval training on the expression of ICAM, VCAM and galectin-3 proteins in the heart tissue of asthmatic rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
masome nobahar ◽  
Marefat Siahkouhian ◽  
shadmehr mirdar ◽  
Lily Tapak
Keyword(s):  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Glass Container ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Galectin 3 ◽  
Inflammatory Processes ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Asthma Group ◽  
Training Protocol

Background: Asthma is a heterogeneous disease whose inflammatory processes are involved in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and endothelial dysfunction, and increases the prevalence of cardiovascular disease. This study was designed to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of interval training on some of the effective factors in atherosclerosis in heart tissue of asthmatic rats. Methods: In this experimental study, 15 rats were randomly divided into three groups of sham, asthma, and asthmatic-interval training. The model of asthma was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 1 ml ovalbumin for 2 weeks, and then asthmatic-interval training rats for 8 weeks participated in interval training. During the training protocol period, twice weekly intraperitoneal injections of ovalbumin 1 ml, and were placed into a glass container exposed to 5% ovalbumin spray. 48 hours after the last training session, the rats were anesthetized and their hearts were ejected. The levels of proteins expression of ICAM, VCAM, and galectin-3 were measured by immunohistochemistry, and western blotting, respectively. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA in SPSS at the significant level α=0.05. Results: The results of this study showed that the expression of ICAM (P=0.001), VCAM (P=0.001), and galectin-3 (P=0.001) was significantly increased in heart tissue of asthma rats. Whereas, interval training decreased the expression of ICAM (P=0.001), VCAM (P=0.001), and galectin-3 (P=0.01) proteins in the asthmatic-interval training group compared to the asthma group. Conclusions: It seems that, interval training is effective in preventing atherosclerosis in patients with asthma.

scholarly journals Effects of Glycolytic-Based Interval Training on Anaerobic Capacity in Soccer Players

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Polczyk ◽  
Marek Zatoń
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Anaerobic Capacity ◽  
Blood Lactate Concentration ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Wingate Test ◽  
Soccer Players ◽  
Target Time ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Training Protocol

AbstractPurpose. The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of changes in anaerobic endurance in response to a training protocol targeting glycolytic capacity. Methods. The study involved 24 soccer players from two U-18 teams. One team served as an experimental (E) group the other a control (C). Besides standard soccer practice performed by both groups, an interval training protocol was administered to the experimental group twice a week (15 sessions). One training repetition involved running a soccerspecific course. Repetition time was equal to 15 s interspersed with 45 s passive recovery. Total number of repetitions was determined by the ability to maintain target time (power) in subsequent repetitions. A 5% reduction in the distance covered (m) compared with the first repetition ended a set. The number of sets was based on the ability of player to maintain target time per repetition. Rest interval between sets was 15 min. Anaerobic performance was assessed before and after the 8-week protocol by the Wingate test in which arterial blood gases, blood lactate concentration, and respiratory variables on a breath-by-breath basis were measured. Results. Distance covered in group E in the first training session was 470.38 ± 77.82 m and 1182.31 ± 164.44 m in the last session. Post-intervention total work (273.63 ± 18.32 to 284.98 ± 15.76 J/kg) and maximum power (13.28 ± 1.43 to 14.14 ± 1.25 W/kg) significantly increased in the Wingate test. Statistically significant increases in lactate concentration (10.64 ± 1.54 and 12.72 ± 1.59 mmol/l) and lower blood pH (7.21 ± 0.03 and 7.19 ± 0.02) were also observed. No significant changes in any of the above variables were observed in group C. Conclusions. Interval training develops glycolytic capacity but with large inter-individual variability.

Cardiac rehabilitation in the paediatric Fontan population: development of a home-based high-intensity interval training programme

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1409-1416
Author(s):  
Michael Khoury ◽  
Devin B. Phillips ◽  
Peter W. Wood ◽  
William R. Mott ◽  
Michael K. Stickland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Exercise ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Fontan Physiology ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Training Protocol

AbstractIntroduction:We evaluated the safety and feasibility of high-intensity interval training via a novel telemedicine ergometer (MedBIKE™) in children with Fontan physiology.Methods:The MedBIKE™ is a custom telemedicine ergometer, incorporating a video game platform and live feed of patient video/audio, electrocardiography, pulse oximetry, and power output, for remote medical supervision and modulation of work. There were three study phases: (I) exercise workload comparison between the MedBIKE™ and a standard cardiopulmonary exercise ergometer in 10 healthy adults. (II) In-hospital safety, feasibility, and user experience (via questionnaire) assessment of a MedBIKE™ high-intensity interval training protocol in children with Fontan physiology. (III) Eight-week home-based high-intensity interval trial programme in two participants with Fontan physiology.Results:There was good agreement in oxygen consumption during graded exercise at matched work rates between the cardiopulmonary exercise ergometer and MedBIKE™ (1.1 ± 0.5 L/minute versus 1.1 ± 0.5 L/minute, p = 0.44). Ten youth with Fontan physiology (11.5 ± 1.8 years old) completed a MedBIKE™ high-intensity interval training session with no adverse events. The participants found the MedBIKE™ to be enjoyable and easy to navigate. In two participants, the 8-week home-based protocol was tolerated well with completion of 23/24 (96%) and 24/24 (100%) of sessions, respectively, and no adverse events across the 47 sessions in total.Conclusion:The MedBIKE™ resulted in similar physiological responses as compared to a cardiopulmonary exercise test ergometer and the high-intensity interval training protocol was safe, feasible, and enjoyable in youth with Fontan physiology. A randomised-controlled trial of a home-based high-intensity interval training exercise intervention using the MedBIKE™ will next be undertaken.

scholarly journals The Effect of High Intensity Interval Training and Herb Supplement on Heart IGF-1 Concentration in Male Rat

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Mohamad Ali Pirani ◽  
Maghsoud Peeri ◽  
Mohamad Ali Azarbayjani
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Heart Tissue ◽  
Flaxseed Oil ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Training Groups ◽  
High Intensity Interval

Abstract Objectives: The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of 10 weeks of high intensity interval training and flaxseed oil supplement on heart IGF-1 concentration in male rats. Materials and methods: 20 adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into saline, saline–training, supplementation, and supplementation–training groups. The training groups performed training (10 weeks, five sessions per week, 90–95% VO2 max) on a rodent treadmill. The supplementation groups also received flaxseed oil supplement (30 mg/kg). The rats were sacrificed five days after the last training session. The heart tissue was collected, and sent to the laboratory for evaluation. Results: Training increased the concentration of the heart IGF-1 (P=0.01). The concentration of heart IGF-1 was higher in the flaxseed oil-supplemented groups than the saline-treated groups. (P=0.003). The interaction between training and supplementation also led to a increase in heart IGF-1 concentration (P=0.001). Conclusion: The increase of heart IGF-1 after training and consumption suggest that training and flaxseed oil can help to improve cardiac function.

Six sessions of sprint interval training increases muscle oxidative potential and cycle endurance capacity in humans

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (6) ◽  
pp. 1985-1990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten A. Burgomaster ◽  
Scott C. Hughes ◽  
George J. F. Heigenhauser ◽  
Suzanne N. Bradwell ◽  
Martin J. Gibala
Keyword(s):  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Maximal Activity ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endurance Capacity ◽  
Sprint Interval Training ◽  
Oxidative Potential ◽  
Cycle Endurance

Parra et al. ( Acta Physiol. Scand 169: 157–165, 2000) showed that 2 wk of daily sprint interval training (SIT) increased citrate synthase (CS) maximal activity but did not change “anaerobic” work capacity, possibly because of chronic fatigue induced by daily training. The effect of fewer SIT sessions on muscle oxidative potential is unknown, and aside from changes in peak oxygen uptake (V̇o2 peak), no study has examined the effect of SIT on “aerobic” exercise capacity. We tested the hypothesis that six sessions of SIT, performed over 2 wk with 1–2 days rest between sessions to promote recovery, would increase CS maximal activity and endurance capacity during cycling at ∼80% V̇o2 peak. Eight recreationally active subjects [age = 22 ± 1 yr; V̇o2 peak = 45 ± 3 ml·kg−1·min−1 (mean ± SE)] were studied before and 3 days after SIT. Each training session consisted of four to seven “all-out” 30-s Wingate tests with 4 min of recovery. After SIT, CS maximal activity increased by 38% (5.5 ± 1.0 vs. 4.0 ± 0.7 mmol·kg protein−1·h−1) and resting muscle glycogen content increased by 26% (614 ± 39 vs. 489 ± 57 mmol/kg dry wt) (both P < 0.05). Most strikingly, cycle endurance capacity increased by 100% after SIT (51 ± 11 vs. 26 ± 5 min; P < 0.05), despite no change in V̇o2 peak. The coefficient of variation for the cycle test was 12.0%, and a control group ( n = 8) showed no change in performance when tested ∼2 wk apart without SIT. We conclude that short sprint interval training (∼15 min of intense exercise over 2 wk) increased muscle oxidative potential and doubled endurance capacity during intense aerobic cycling in recreationally active individuals.

Single Sprint Interval Training Session Induces Faster VO2 Kinetics that is Sustained for 72 Hours

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (5S) ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
Danilo Iannetta ◽  
E. Calaine Inglis ◽  
Giorgia Spigolon ◽  
Silvia Pogliaghi ◽  
Juan Manuel Murias
Keyword(s):  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Sprint Interval Training ◽  
Vo2 Kinetics

Effect of Repeated Active Recovery During a High-Intensity Interval-Training Shock Microcycle on Markers of Fatigue

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1060-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thimo Wiewelhove ◽  
Christian Raeder ◽  
Tim Meyer ◽  
Michael Kellmann ◽  
Mark Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Junior Tennis ◽  
International Ranking ◽  
Repeated Use ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Recovery Act

Purpose:To investigate the effect of repeated use of active recovery during a 4-d shock microcycle with 7 high-intensity interval-training (HIT) sessions on markers of fatigue. Methods:Eight elite male junior tennis players (age 15.1 ± 1.4 y) with an international ranking between 59 and 907 (International Tennis Federation) participated in this study. After each training session, they completed 15 min of either moderate jogging (active recovery [ACT]) or passive recovery (PAS) with a crossover design, which was interrupted by a 4-mo washout period. Countermovement-jump (CMJ) height, serum concentration of creatine kinase (CK), delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS), and perceived recovery and stress (Short Recovery and Stress Scale) were measured 24 h before and 24 h after the training program. Results:The HIT shock microcycle induced a large decrease in CMJ performance (ACT: effect size [ES] = –1.39, P < .05; PAS: ES = –1.42, P < .05) and perceived recovery (ACT: ES = –1.79, P < .05; PAS: ES = –2.39, P < .05), as well as a moderate to large increase in CK levels (ACT: ES = 0.76, P > .05; PAS: ES = 0.81, P >.05), DOMS (ACT: ES = 2.02, P < .05; PAS: ES = 2.17, P < .05), and perceived stress (ACT: ES = 1.98, P < .05; PAS: ES = 3.06, P < .05), compared with the values before the intervention. However, no significant recovery intervention × time interactions or meaningful differences in changes were noted in any of the markers between ACT and PAS. Conclusions:Repeated use of individualized ACT, consisting of 15 min of moderate jogging, after finishing each training session during an HIT shock microcycle did not affect exercise-induced fatigue.

Cardiorespiratory and perceptual responses of two interval training and a continuous training protocol in healthy young men

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 653-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Pedro Araújo Naves ◽  
Ana Cristina Silva Rebelo ◽  
Lucas Raphael Bento E Silva ◽  
Maria Sebastiana Silva ◽  
Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Men ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Training Protocol

scholarly journals Half-ironman induces changes in the kidney function of triathletes

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 429-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
ENRICO F. PUGGINA ◽  
DALMO R.L. MACHADO ◽  
HUGO TOURINHO FILHO ◽  
VALDIR J. BARBANTI
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cells ◽  
Colorimetric Assay ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
Diuretic Hormone ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Reagent Strips ◽  
Exercise Induced ◽  
Microscopy Data ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Training Protocol

Long duration exercise may lead to the occurrence of urine abnormalities. Aiming to investigate the effects of triathlon training and competition on the renal function, twelve male triathletes (32.60 ± 5.10 years, 175.04 ± 6.67m, 71.83 ± 7.42Kg) were studied during the 12-week training protocol and after a Half Ironman. Urine was collected in M-1 – beginning of the training season, M-2 – before the competition and M-3 – after the half ironman. Urine pH was measured using reagent strips, density with a refractometer, proteinuria by Bradford assay, creatinine with a colorimetric assay and blood cells by microscopy. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk test, One-Way ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer test (p < 0,05). Changes were found after the competition in the protein (M-1= 7.41 ± 2.48; M-2= 7.57 ± 3.74; M-3= 86.10 ± 76.21 mg/mL), creatinine (M-1= 157.66 ± 41.59; M-2= 177.68 ± 44.46; M-3= 316.46 ± 132.86 mg/mL), erythrocytes (M-1= 1060.00 ± 0.30; M-2= 1142.86 ± 377.96; M-3= 52555.56 ± 58.65 units/mL) and leucocytes (M-1= 2375.00 ± 744.02; M-2= 2090.00 ± 0.50; M-3= 5000.00 ± 2738.60 units/mL) excretion when compared to the other collection times. These effects are probably due to the exercise-induced modifications in the glomerular membrane and endocrine variables such as anti diuretic hormone, catecholamines and aldosterone.

scholarly journals Interval Training with Active Recovery and the Physical Capacity of Recreational Male Runners

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 15-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Michalik ◽  
Szymon Glinka ◽  
Natalia Danek ◽  
Marek Zatoń
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Training Session ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Physical Capacity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Recovery ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Long Distance

Abstract Introduction. So far there have been few studies on the effect of interval training with active recovery aimed at increasing aerobic power on the physical capacity of long-distance runners. Unlike standard interval training, this particular type of interval training does not include passive rest periods but combines high-intensity training with low-intensity recovery periods. The aims of the study were to determine the effect of aerobic power training implemented in the form of interval training with active recovery on the physical capacity of amateur long-distance runners as well as to compare their results against those of a group of runners who trained in a traditional manner and only performed continuous training. Material and methods. The study involved 12 recreational male long-distance runners, who were randomly divided into two groups, consisting of 6 persons each. Control group C performed continuous training 3 times a week (for 90 minutes, with approximately 65-85% VO2max). Experimental group E participated in one training session similar to the one implemented in group C and additionally performed interval training with active recovery twice a week. The interval training included a 20-minute warm-up and repeated running sprints of maximum intensity lasting 3 minutes (800-1,000 m). Between sprints, there was a 12-minute bout of running with an intensity of approximately 60-70% VO2max. The time of each repetition was measured, and the first one was treated as a benchmark in a given training unit. If the duration of a subsequent repetition was 5% shorter than that of the initial repetition, the subjects underwent a 15-minute cool-down period. A progressive treadmill test was carried out before and after the 7-week training period. The results were analysed using non-parametric statistical tests. Results. VO2max increased significantly both in group E (p < 0.05; d = 0.86) and C (p < 0.05; d = 0.71), and there was an improvement in effort economy at submaximal intensity. Although the differences were not significant, a much greater change in the post-exercise concentrations of lactate and H+ ions was found in group E. Conclusions. The study showed that interval training with active recovery increased VO2max in amateur runners with higher initial physical capacity and stimulated adaptation to metabolic acidosis more than continuous training.

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