Sampling Theoretically for Comparison

Sampling has historically been one of the major challenges of the comparative research approach. These sampling challenges primarily result from the way researchers select the cases/samples for the study. In this regard, researchers have to a large extent tended to employ non-probability convenience and purposive sampling techniques. Even though it may be argued that these sampling approaches need not be theory driven as samples tend to evolve in the process of research, more often than not, these sampling methods, especially in comparative research designs, while skewing research attention towards over-researched countries and cases, wealthy nations and incomparable cases, also introduce an element of bias into sampling and therefore into research findings. Thus, this paper argues for a move away from the simplicity of purposive and convenience sampling, to one of the more robust forms of theoretical sampling, in order to improve the research rigour associated with the comparative methodological approach. This paper accordingly postulates this may be achieved by engaging in some form of theoretical sampling. In this regard, this paper describes a two-phase method for generating comparative samples from theories, involving six distinct steps.

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Selecting research approaches and research designs: a reflective essay

Qualitative Research Journal ◽

10.1108/qrj-07-2016-0041 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 99-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Nurdiana Gaus

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

Design Methodology ◽

Research Process ◽

Research Approach ◽

Content Type ◽

Research Designs ◽

Research Findings ◽

Reflective Essay ◽

Selection Of

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to show the research process which is laid on the interrelated aspects of paradigm-research-based approaches and research designs. Design/methodology/approach It draws on my PhD research project experience, where I deployed these interrelated aspects informing my methodological perspective to produce quality research via the generation of legitimate research findings. Findings From this practice, my chosen held paradigm, constructionism, has guided me to proceed with my research process, leading to the selection of a research approach (qualitative case study) and research designs (interviews, observation, and document analysis). Originality/value This conduct helps valorise the legitimacy of my research findings to produce legitimate knowledge. This reflective account of the research process can become a lesson for others who wish to go through a legitimate process of selecting the research approaches and research designs, particularly, in social sciences.

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Peristaltic Carreau-Yasuda nanofluid flow and mixed heat transfer analysis in an asymmetric vertical and tapered wavy wall channel

Reports in Mechanical Engineering ◽

10.31181/rme200101128h ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 128-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mohammad Hatami ◽

◽

D Jing ◽

Keyword(s):

Heat Transfer ◽

Least Square Method ◽

Weissenberg Number ◽

Least Square ◽

Heat Transfer Analysis ◽

Phase Method ◽

Nanofluid Flow ◽

Two Phase ◽

Nanoparticles Concentration ◽

The Right

In this study, two-phase asymmetric peristaltic Carreau-Yasuda nanofluid flow in a vertical and tapered wavy channel is demonstrated and the mixed heat transfer analysis is considered for it. For the modeling, two-phase method is considered to be able to study the nanoparticles concentration as a separate phase. Also it is assumed that peristaltic waves travel along X-axis at a constant speed, c. Furthermore, constant temperatures and constant nanoparticle concentrations are considered for both, left and right walls. This study aims at an analytical solution of the problem by means of least square method (LSM) using the Maple 15.0 mathematical software. Numerical outcomes will be compared. Finally, the effects of most important parameters (Weissenberg number, Prandtl number, Brownian motion parameter, thermophoresis parameter, local temperature and nanoparticle Grashof numbers) on the velocities, temperature and nanoparticles concentration functions are presented. As an important outcome, on the left side of the channel, increasing the Grashof numbers leads to a reduction in velocity profiles, while on the right side, it is the other way around.

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A Two-Phase Method for Solving the Hub Location and Routing Problem

2019 4th IEEE International Conference on Cybernetics (Cybconf) ◽

10.1109/cybconf47073.2019.9436586 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Xiao Yang ◽

Yuan Bian ◽

Nathalie Bostel ◽

Pierre Dejax

Keyword(s):

Phase Method ◽

Hub Location ◽

Two Phase ◽

Routing Problem

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Are you really using Yarning research? Mapping Social and Family Yarning to strengthen Yarning research quality

AlterNative An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples ◽

10.1177/11771801211015442 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 117718012110154

Author(s):

Petah Atkinson ◽

Marilyn Baird ◽

Karen Adams

Keyword(s):

Research Method ◽

Research Question ◽

Research Quality ◽

Aboriginal Community ◽

Participant Recruitment ◽

The Social ◽

Research Findings ◽

Convenience Sampling ◽

Missing Feature ◽

Published Research

Yarning as a research method has its grounding as an Aboriginal culturally specified process. Significant to the Research Yarn is relationality, however; this is a missing feature of published research findings. This article aims to address this. The research question was, what can an analysis of Social and Family Yarning tell us about relationality that underpins a Research Yarn. Participant recruitment occurred using convenience sampling, and data collection involved Yarning method. Five steps of data analysis occurred featuring Collaborative Yarning and Mapping. Commonality existed between researcher and participants through predominantly experiences of being a part of Aboriginal community, via Aboriginal organisations and Country. This suggests shared explicit and tacit knowledge and generation of thick data. Researchers should report on their experience with Yarning, the types of Yarning they are using, and the relationality generated from the Social, Family and Research Yarn.

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The Greek vs. the Cypriot guaranteed minimum income schemes: an exploratory comparative analysis

Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy ◽

10.1017/ics.2021.5 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Varvara Lalioti ◽

Christos Koutsampelas

Keyword(s):

Comparative Research ◽

Developmental Trajectories ◽

Political Stability ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Research Approach ◽

Minimum Income ◽

Welfare Systems ◽

Key Variables ◽

Guaranteed Minimum Income ◽

Shed Light

Abstract This exploratory paper utilises a comparative research approach to shed light upon the developmental trajectories of the Greek and Cypriot guaranteed minimum income (GMI) schemes. Our analysis indicates that, despite similarities (e.g. in the emergence of the two schemes, as part of the extensive reforms imposed during the financial crisis on the Greek and Cypriot welfare systems), there are also significant differences. These mainly relate to implementation and, ultimately, the “success” of the two schemes in attaining their declared goals. Moreover, we argue that the developmental paths followed by the Greek and Cypriot GMI schemes should be interpreted in the light of key variables (“functionalist,” “political” and “institutional”), often used to explain the establishment and further evolution of such schemes. Within this context, the relatively “superior” performance of the Cypriot GMI, compared with the Greek scheme, is largely attributed to factors such as government effectiveness and political stability.

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The Method of Dynamic Reserves Prediction for a Constant Volume Gas Reservoir

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.275-277.456 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 275-277 ◽

pp. 456-461

Author(s):

Lei Zhang ◽

Lai Bing Zhang ◽

Bin Quan Jiang ◽

Huan Liu

Keyword(s):

Pressure Drop ◽

Material Balance ◽

Production Method ◽

Gas Production ◽

Constant Volume ◽

Phase Method ◽

Gas Reservoirs ◽

Two Phase ◽

Material Balance Method ◽

Unit Pressure

The accurate prediction of the dynamic reserves of gas reservoirs is the important research content of the development of dynamic analysis of gas reservoirs. It is of great significance to the stable and safe production and the formulation of scientific and rational development programs of gas reservoirs. The production methods of dynamic reserves of gas reservoirs mainly include material balance method, unit pressure drop of gas production method and elastic two-phase method. To clarify the characteristics of these methods better, in this paper, we took two typeⅠwells of a constant volume gas reservoir as an example, the dynamic reserves of single well controlled were respectively calculated, and the results show that the order of the calculated volume of the dynamic reserves by using different methods is material balance method> unit pressure drop of gas production method >elastic two-phase method. Because the material balance method is a static method, unit pressure drop of gas production method and elastic two-phase method are dynamic methods, therefore, for typeⅠwells of constant volume gas reservoirs, when the gas wells reached the quasi-steady state, the elastic two-phase method is used to calculate the dynamic reserves, and when the gas wells didn’t reach the quasi-steady state, unit pressure drop of gas production method is used to calculate the dynamic reserves. The conclusion has some certain theoretical value for the prediction of dynamic reserves for constant volume gas reservoirs.

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Protected Gold Nanoparticles with Thioethers and Amines As Surrogate Ligands

Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.1155/2013/780939 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-4 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. Rafiq H. Siddiqui

Keyword(s):

Gold Nanoparticles ◽

Variable Temperature ◽

Size Control ◽

Analytical Techniques ◽

High Resolution Electron Microscopy ◽

Phase Method ◽

Two Phase ◽

H Nmr ◽

Resolution Electron ◽

Vis Spectroscopy

Dodecyl sulfide, dodecyl amine, and hexylamine were shown to act as surrogate ligands (L) via metastable gold nanoparticles. By collating analytical and spectroscopic data obtained simultaneously, empirical formula Au24L was assigned. These impurity-free nanoparticles obtained in near quantitative yields showing exceptional gold assays (up to 98%Au) were prepared by a modification of the two-phase method. Replacement reactions on the Au24L showed that Au:L ratios may be increased (up to Au55:L (L= (H25C12)2S)) or decreased (Au12:L (L= H2NC12H25and H2NC6H13)) as desired. This work encompassing the role of analytical techniques used, that is, elemental analysis, variable temperature1H NMR, FAB mass spectrometry, UV-Vis spectroscopy, thin film X-ray diffraction, and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) has implications in the study of size control, purity, stability, and metal assays of gold nanoparticles.

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Employee's lying behavior and the role of self-awareness

International Journal of Organizational Analysis ◽

10.1108/ijoa-12-2020-2513 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Kirk Chang ◽

Sylvain Max ◽

Jérémy Celse

Keyword(s):

Design Methodology ◽

Deductive Reasoning ◽

Research Approach ◽

Self Awareness ◽

Laboratory Setting ◽

Content Type ◽

Quasi Experimental ◽

Research Findings ◽

Practical Implications

Purpose Employee’s lying behavior has become ubiquitous at work, and managers are keen to know what can be done to curb such behavior. Managers often apply anti-lying strategies in their management and, in particular, the role of self-awareness on lying intervention has drawn academic attention recently. Drawing on multi-disciplinary literature, this study aims to investigate the efficacy of self-awareness in reducing lying behavior. Design/methodology/approach Following the perspectives of positivism and deductive reasoning, a quasi-experimental research approach was adopted. Employees from Dijon, France were recruited as research participants. Based on the literature, different conditions (scenario manipulation) were designed and implemented in the laboratory, in which participants were exposed to pre-set lying opportunities and their responses were analyzed accordingly. Findings Unlike prior studies which praised the merits of self-awareness, the authors found that self-awareness did not decrease lying behavior, not encouraging the confession of lying either. Employees actually lied more when they believed other employees were lying. Practical implications This study suggests managers not to rely on employee’s self-awareness; rather, the concept of self-awareness should be incorporated into the work ethics, and managers should schedule regular workshops to keep employees informed of the importance of ethics. When employees are regularly reminded of the ethics and appreciate its importance, their intention of lying is more likely to decrease. Originality/value To the best of the atuhors’ knowledge, the current research is the first in its kind to investigate lying intervention of employees in the laboratory setting. Research findings have brought new insights into the lying intervention literature, which has important implication on the implementation of anti-lying strategies.

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