scholarly journals Adsorption Capabilities of Activated Carbon Derived from Detarium microcarpum Seeds in Removing Co2+ and Pb2+ from Wastewater

2020 ◽  
pp. 167-179
Author(s):  
Ishaq Yahaya Lawan ◽  
Shinggu D. Yamta ◽  
Abdurrahman Hudu ◽  
Kolo Alhaji Madu ◽  
Adamu Mohammad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Cobalt Ions ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Detarium Microcarpum ◽  
Percentage Removal

This study was carried out to evaluate the efficiency of metals (Pb and Co) removal from solution using Detarium microcarpum seeds as adsorbent. The effect of initial concentration and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption process of these metals were studied, the percentage removal of these metals increased with increased in weight (0.5 -2.5g) in 50ml of the solution and the adsorption efficiency increased with increasing initial metal ion concentration (0.01-0.05 moldm−3). The percentage removal obtained for Lead and Cobalt were compared. The result of adsorption were fitted to Langmuir models and coefficients indicated favorable adsorption of Pb2+ and Co2+ ions on the adsorbents. The adsorption of Pb2+ and Co2+ in aqueous solution was in the following order (1400µm>420µm>150µm). More than 55.4% of studied Lead cations were removed by 1400µm, 47.2% by 420µm and 29.8% by 150µm. While for Cobalt cations only 53.2% by 1400µm, 38.6% by 420µm and 24% by 150µm respectively, from aqueous solution it was concluded that, activated Carbon derived from Detarium microcarpum seed is good in removing both lead and cobalt ions, which make it good absorbent.

scholarly journals Ricinus CommunisPericarp Activated Carbon Used as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Ni(II) From Aqueous Solution

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-769 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Madhavakrishnan ◽  
K. Manickavasagam ◽  
K. Rasappan ◽  
P. S. Syed Shabudeen ◽  
R. Venkatesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Particle Size ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Initial Ph

Activated carbon prepared from Ricinus communis Pericarp was used to remove Ni(II) from aqueous solution by adsorption. Batch mode adsorption experiments are carried out by varying contact time, metal-ion concentration, carbon concentration and pH to assess kinetic and equilibrium parameters. The adsorption data were modeled by using both Langmuir and Freundlich classical adsorption isotherms. The adsorption capacity (Qo) calculated from the Langmuir isotherm was 31.15 mg/g of activated carbon at initial pH of 5.0±0.2 for the particle size 125-250 µm.

scholarly journals Phenol removal from aqueous solution using silica and activated carbon derived from rice husk

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 897-907 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hosseinali Asgharnia ◽  
Hamidreza Nasehinia ◽  
Roohollah Rostami ◽  
Marziah Rahmani ◽  
Seyed Mahmoud Mehdinia
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Maximum Removal

Abstract Phenol and its derivatives are organic pollutants with dangerous effects, such as poisoning, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, and teratogenicity in humans and other organisms. In this study, the removal of phenol from aqueous solution by adsorption on silica and activated carbon of rice husk was investigated. In this regard, the effects of initial concentration of phenol, pH, dosage of the adsorbents, and contact time on the adsorption of phenol were investigated. The results showed that the maximum removal of phenol by rice husk silica (RHS) and rice husk activated carbon (RHAC) in the initial concentration of 1 mgL−1 phenol, 2 gL−1 adsorbent mass, 120 min contact time, and pH 5 (RHS) or pH 6 (RHAC) were obtained up to 91% and 97.88%, respectively. A significant correlation was also detected between increasing contact times and phenol removal for both adsorbents (p < 0.01). The adsorption process for both of the adsorbents was also more compatible with the Langmuir isotherm. The results of this study showed that RHS and RHAC can be considered as natural and inexpensive adsorbents for water treatment.

Removal of 4-nitrophenol from aqueous solution by adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from Acacia glauca sawdust

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 955-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashant T. Dhorabe ◽  
Dilip H. Lataye ◽  
Ramakant S. Ingole
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Enthalpy Change ◽  
Optimum Dose ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Gibbs Free Energy Change ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Percentage Removal ◽  
Maximum Removal

The present paper deals with a complete batch adsorption study of 4-nitrophenol (4NP) from aqueous solution onto activated carbon prepared from Acacia glauca sawdust (AGAC). The surface area of the adsorbent determined by methylene blue method is found to be 311.20 m2/g. The optimum dose of adsorbent was found to be 2 g/l with 4NP uptake of 25.93 mg/g. The equilibrium time was found to be 30 minutes with the percentage removal of 96.40 at the initial concentration of 50 ppm. The maximum removal of 98.94% was found to be at pH of 6. The equilibrium and kinetic study revealed that the Radke–Prausnitz isotherm and pseudo second order kinetics model fitted the respective data well. In the thermodynamic study, the negative value of Gibbs free energy change (−26.38 kJ/mol at 30°C) and enthalpy change (−6.12 kJ/mol) showed the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the adsorption process.

scholarly journals Utilization of Sago Waste as an Adsorbent for the Removal of Cu(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Maheswari ◽  
N. Venilamani ◽  
S. Madhavakrishnan ◽  
P. S. Syed Shabudeen ◽  
R. Venckatesh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Equilibrium Isotherm ◽  
Particle Size Range ◽  
Industry Waste ◽  
Sago Waste

The preparation of activated carbon (AC) from sago industry waste is a promising way to produce a useful adsorbent for Cu(II) removal, as well as dispose of sago industry waste. The AC was prepared using sago industry waste with H2SO4and (NH4)2S2O8and physico-chemical properties of AC were investigated. The specific surface area of the activated carbon was determined and its properties studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Adsorptive removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution onto AC prepared from sago industry waste has been studied under varying conditions of agitation time, metal ion concentration, adsorbent dose and pH to assess the kinetic and equilibrium parameters. Adsorption equilibrium was obtained in 60min for 20 to 50mg/L of Cu(II) concentrations. The Langmuir and Freundlich equilibrium isotherm models were found to provide an excellent fitting of the adsorption data. In Freundlich equilibrium isotherm, the RL values obtained were in the range of 0 to 1 (0.043 to 0.31) for Cu(II) concentration of 10 to 100mg/L, which indicates favorable adsorption of Cu(II) onto Sago waste carbon. The adsorption capacity of Cu(II) (Qo) obtained from the Langmuir equilibrium isotherm model was found to be 32.467 mg/g at pH 4 ± 0.2 for the particle size range of 125–250u. The percent removal increased with an increase in pH from 2 to 4. This adsorbent was found to be effective and economically attractive.

scholarly journals Poly (furfural-acetone) as New Adsorbent for Removal of Cu(II) from Aqueous Solution: Equilibrium Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq S. Najim
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Sorption Process ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Equilibrium Study ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Percent Removal

The batch removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solution using poly (furfural-acetone), (PFA) as adsorbent was investigated in this study. The influences of initial Cu(II) ion concentration (10 to 120 ppm), pH (4-8) and contact time have been reported. Adsorption of Cu(II) is highly pH-dependent and the result indicate that the optimum pH for the removal was found to be 6. At this pH a small amount of PFA, 2 g/L, could remove as much as 97% of Cu(II) from a solution of initial concentration 10 ppm. It was observed that an increase in initial concentration of Cu(II) leads to decrease in percent removal of Cu(II) and increase in amount of Cu(II) adsorbed per unit mass of PFA. The adsorption process of Cu(II) is tested with four isotherm models, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich (D-R). It was found that all models were applicable and the maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 13.66 mg/g. From the isotherm constants it was confirmed that, the sorption process was physisorption.

scholarly journals Experimental and computational studies on activated Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean) hulls for the adsorptive removal of herbicides from aqueous solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Aondofa Nyijime ◽  
Abdullahi Muhammad Ayuba ◽  
Habibat Faith Chahul
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Quantum Chemical ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Bambara Groundnut ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Computational Studies ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Equilibrium Data

Abstract Background The excessive usage of herbicides to control herbs by farmers has become an issue of interest to the environmentalist due to the threat posed by such act to the ecosystem, and therefore, there is the need to curb such practices. The efficiency of Bambara groundnut shell for the removal of pendimethalin (PE) and paraquat dichloride (PQ) herbicides from aqueous solution was established in this work. The activated carbon was prepared via chemical activation method using trioxonitrate (v) acid by determining its void volume, moisture content, bulk density and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods. Batch adsorption techniques were set to optimize the adsorption parameters such as solution pH, adsorbate concentration, contact time, adsorbent dosage and temperature in order to depict the best optimal conditions for the adsorption process. The adsorption process was examined in terms of its equilibrium data, kinetics, thermodynamics involved in the adsorption process as well as computational quantum chemical parameters evaluation. Results The batch adsorption experiments revealed that the amounts of PE and PQ adsorbed were found to vary with the contact time, adsorbent dosage, pH and initial concentration. The adsorption of PE and PQ decreased with increasing adsorbent dose but increases with increasing initial concentration of the PE and PQ solution. Isotherm studies revealed that the equilibrium data fitted to both Langmuir and Freundlich model with R-squared values of 0.976, 0.993 and 0.909, 0.978 for PE and PQ, respectively, which implied that Langmuir isotherm had a better fit. This was also found to be an indication that the uptake of PE and PQ by ACBGNS occurred through monolayer adsorption on identical homogenous sites. Also, kinetic modeling results obtained showed that the pseudo-second-order model explained the adsorption kinetics of PE and PQ by ACBGNS best, which meant that chemisorption was the slowest step and, thus, the rate determining step. The positive value of ΔH and the positive value of ΔG show the endothermic and spontaneous nature of adsorption of PE and PQ ACBGNS. Conclusion Batch adsorption experiment and characterization of the ACBGNS have indicated that Bambara ground nut shell can be used to produce activated carbon that can be applied effectively for adsorption of PE and PQ from an aqueous solution. Computational studies results obtained from quantum chemical analysis are consistent with the experimental results obtained from this study.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Rhodamine-B from Aqueous Solution by Activated Carbon from Almond Shell

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nasim Abdolrahimi ◽  
Azadeh Tadjarodi
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Langmuir Isotherm ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Almond Shell ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Removal Efficiencies

The activated carbon was prepared from an almond shell, which is chemically activated by H2SO4. In the present study, the adsorption of rhodamine-B from water by activated carbon has been investigated and compared. The effect of pH value, initial concentration of dissolved and amount of adsorbent on the adsorption of rhodamine-B by the mentioned adsorbents were investigated. Results showed that the adsorption process was highly dependent on pH. Maximum rhodamine-B removal was achieved when the final pH is 11. Maximum rhodamine-B removal efficiencies were obtained by an almond shell (70%). Adsorption test results revealed that rhodamine-B adsorption on the studied adsorbents could be better described by Langmuir isotherm.

Characteristics of Cr (VI) Adsorption in Aqueous Solution by Wheat Straw

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 1262-1266
Author(s):  
Li Xiu Peng ◽  
Qin Ai Lin
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Adsorption Mechanism ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Adsorption Properties ◽  
Effect Factors ◽  
Adsorption Time ◽  
Initial Concentration ◽  
Adsorption Performance

The adsorption process of Cr (VI) in aqueous solution on activated carbon prepared by wheat straw was investigated to study the effect factors on adsorption properties. adsorption mechanism was discussed. The results showed that the adsorption performance was influenced by dosage, initial concentration and adsorption time. Adsorption reached equilibrium after 100 min at temperature 25°C. The highest removal efficiency can reach 94%. The results indicated that activated carbon as adsorbent can effectively deal with waste water containing (VI).

scholarly journals Adsorption Efficiency of Activated Carbon Produced from Corn Cob for the Removal of Cadmium Ions from Aqueous Solution

2019 ◽  
pp. 12-20
Author(s):  
Ezeh Ernest ◽  
Okeke Onyeka ◽  
Aburu C. M. ◽  
Aniobi C. C. ◽  
Ndubuisi J. O
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Free Energy ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Adsorption Efficiency ◽  
Corn Cob ◽  
Free Energy Of Adsorption ◽  
Cadmium Ions ◽  
Gibb’S Free Energy ◽  
Peak Value

Studies were carried out to evaluate the adsorption efficiency of activated carbon produced from corn cob for the removal of Cd II ions from aqueous solution. The studies were carried out with due consideration of standard analytical procedures and instrumentation. Increase in the Cd II ions concentration from 90 to 180mg/l decreased the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent from 89.273 to 65.770%. Increase in the adsorbent’s dosage from 0.5 to 2.0g increased the adsorption of Cd II ions from 81.522 to 91.980%. At pH of 5.0, the adsorption process attained equilibrium with a peak adsorption of Cd II ion at 93.628%. At a contact of time of 30mins between the adsorbate (Cd II ions) at the adsorbent; the adsorption of Cd II ions reached a peak value of 92.410%. The adsorption of Cd II ions on the surface of the activated carbon increased from 90.436 to 93.210% with increase in temperature from 40o to 160oC. The decrease in Gibb’s free energy of adsorption of Cd II ions on the surface of the activated carbon revealed that the adsorption was favourable at high temperatures. The positive values of ∆H and ∆S shows that the adsorption process was endothermic.

Removal of Fe (II) from Aqueous Solution by Chitosan Activated Carbon Composite Beads

2020 ◽  
Vol 898 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Putri Wulan ◽  
Yuni Kusumastuti ◽  
Agus Prasetya
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Composite Beads ◽  
Naoh Solution ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

The high levels of Fe2+ metal ion in water can be reduced by adsorption process. The adsorbent used is a composite of chitosan activated carbon. The composites were prepared by adding 1.5 g of activated carbon into chitosan solution 1.5% (w/v). The gels of chitosan activated carbon were then dropped into a 2.8% NaOH solution mixture to produce composite beads. The beads were neutralized using aquadest and dried in an oven at 50oC for 2 hours. The dried bead was used as adsorbent. The adsorption process was carried out with erlenmeyer in shaker bath with 0.5 g, 1 g, and 1.5 g at 25oC, 35oC and 45oC in 50 mL solution of Fe2+ metal ion having concentration of 10 ppm. Sample were taken in 5, 10, 20, 40 60, 80 and 120 min. Adsorbent were characterized by SEM and EDX. The composite beads adsorbent was analyzed by SEM and EDX. SEM results show that chitosan was successfully coated on activated carbon with a porous surface structure. The EDX results show that chitosan activated carbon composite beads can absorb Fe2+ metal ions, with an adsorption capacity of 88.3% at 60 min in 1.5 g adsorbent dose.

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