The effect of the main active substances of antihypertensive eye drops on condition of the eyes of glaucoma patients

Today, glaucoma is considered to be the most common cause of irreversible blindness. The treatment of this disease is aimed at reducing intraocular tension in order to slow down the deterioration of visual functions and to maintain accept‑ able quality of life. Most ophthalmologists prefer local medicamentous therapy. Despite a significant expansion of the range of antihypertensive medicines, a significant increase in the hypotensive effect is not always achieved in each certain case, at the same time, at long-term (sometimes lifetime) treatment local and systemic adverse reactions arise and intensify. The findings of recent clinical trials presented in this overview demonstrate an adverse effect of active compounds, preservatives and ad‑ ditives of ophthalmic medicines not only on the eye surface but also on the structure of anterior and posterior eye segments. Taking into account possible side effects of each component of medicines used in glaucoma therapy, ophthalmologists will be able to reasonably approach the choice of optimal treatment regimens with the lowest risk for patients.

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Bone and Joint Decade 2000-2010 in Neplease Perspective

Journal of Nepal Medical Association ◽

10.31729/jnma.101 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 49 (179) ◽

Author(s):

B P Paudyal

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽

Epidemiological Data ◽

Preventive Strategies ◽

Prevention Strategies ◽

Common Cause ◽

Health Institutions ◽

Joint Decade

The Bone and Joint Decade is a worldwide multi-disciplinary initiative targeting the care of people with musculoskeletal disorders. It focuses on improving the quality of life of these people through advances in the understanding and treatment through education, research, and prevention strategies. Though the epidemiological data in Nepal are very scanty, worldwide statistics have shown that musculoskeletal conditions represent more than half of all chronic diseases, and are the most common cause of severe long-term pain and disability. There is acute shortage of specialist manpower that care for people with these disorders. Furthermore the teaching in musculoskeletal disorders in health institutions is very minimal. All of these problems highlight the need for expanding the teaching of musculoskeletal disorders at all levels of medical education; promotion of clinical research; improving diagnostic, treatment, and rehabilitative facilities; and implementation of preventive strategies to reduce the burden of these chronic debilitating conditions in the society. Keywords: bone and joint decade, musculoskeletal and rheumatic diseases, Nepal.

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Application of diphenydramine ointment to the eyelids for allergic conjunctivitis

Iberoamerican Journal of Medicine ◽

10.53986/ibjm.2021.0008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 44-50

Author(s):

Mitsuhiro Kamimura ◽

◽

Takako Ohnishi ◽

Hisao Terada ◽

Atsuto Mouri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Visual Acuity ◽

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Visual Analogue Scale ◽

Analogue Scale ◽

Allergic Conjunctivitis ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Eye Drops ◽

Local Skin

Introduction: Allergic conjunctivitis is treated with oral anti-allergy agents or topical eye drops, but the response is often incomplete, and symptoms persist. We considered that topical treatment with an antihistamine ointment (diphenhydramine-Restamin Cream®) on the eyelids could be effective as supplemental therapy. This study investigates the efficacy and safety of Restamin Cream® for allergic conjunctivitis. Methods: In patients with allergic conjunctivitis, Restamin Cream® was applied to both eyelids twice a day for 2 weeks. There was a 2-week observation period before treatment and a 2-week washout period after treatment. Patients recorded symptoms (eye itching and watering) on a visual analogue scale for the entire 6-week period. Assessment of quality of life, evaluation of conjunctivitis, and measurement of visual acuity and intraocular pressure were conducted at the start of observation, at initiation of treatment, at completion of treatment, and at the end of washout. Results: 7 patients were enrolled; 5 completed the study and 2 discontinued due to adverse reactions. The quality of life score and objective ocular findings improved in all 5 patients. Visual analogue scale scores for itching and watering also improved significantly in 3 and 2 patients, respectively. Adverse reactions included local skin irritation in 3/7 patients, and transient blurred vision and eye pain in 1 patient each. There were no changes of visual acuity or intraocular pressure. Conclusions: Application of diphenhydramine ointment to the eyelids was effective for allergic conjunctivitis.

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One-year efficacy and safety of naloxegol on symptoms and quality of life related to opioid-induced constipation in patients with cancer: KYONAL study

BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care ◽

10.1136/bmjspcare-2020-002816 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. bmjspcare-2020-002816

Author(s):

Manuel Cobo Dols ◽

Carmen Beato Zambrano ◽

Luis Cabezón-Gutiérrez ◽

Rodolfo Chicas-Sett ◽

María Isabel Blancas López-Barajas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Real World ◽

Adverse Reactions ◽

Response To Treatment ◽

Inadequate Response ◽

Efficacy And Safety ◽

Patients With Cancer ◽

One Year

ObjectivesNaloxegol is a peripherally acting µ-opioid receptor antagonist (PAMORA) for treatment of opioid-induced constipation (OIC). The main objective was to analyse the long-term efficacy, quality of life (QOL) and safety of naloxegol in patients with cancer in a real-world study.MethodsThis one-year prospective study included patients older than 18 years, with active oncological disease who were under treatment with opioids for pain control and Karnofsky≥50 and OIC with inadequate response to treatment with laxative (s). All the patients received treatment with naloxegol according to clinical criteria. The main efficacy objectives were measured by the patient assessment of constipation QOL questionnaire (PAC-QOL), the PAC symptoms (PAC-SYM), the response rate at day 15, and months 1-3-6-12, and global QOL (EuroQoL-5D-5L).ResultsA total of 126 patients (58.7% males) with a mean age of 61.5 years (95% CI 59.4 to 63.7) were included. PAC-SYM and PAC-QOL total score and all their dimensions improved from baseline (p<0.0001). At 12 months, 77.8% of the patients were responders to naloxegol treatment. Global QOL was conserved from baseline. A total of 28 adverse reactions, mainly gastrointestinal were observed in 15.1% of the patients (19/126), being 75% (21) mild, 17.9% (5) moderate and 7.1% (2) severe. Most adverse reactions (67.9%) appeared the first 15 days of treatment.ConclusionThe results of this first long-term and real-world-data study in patients with cancer, showed the sustained efficacy and safety of naloxegol for the treatment of OIC in this group of patients.

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Sepsis and Septic Shock

Mayo Clinic Critical and Neurocritical Care Board Review ◽

10.1093/med/9780190862923.003.0060 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 381-388

Author(s):

Charles R. Sims ◽

Thomas B. Comfere

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Intensive Care Unit ◽

Organ Dysfunction ◽

Long Term Outcomes ◽

Common Cause ◽

Secondary Infections ◽

Short Term Mortality ◽

Sepsis And Septic Shock

Sepsis is the most common cause of admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). Although its incidence has increased during the past decade, its short-term mortality has decreased. Furthermore, organ dysfunction caused by dysregulated host immune response to infection resulting in systemic hypoperfusion and end-organ dysfunction is associated with long-term outcomes including frequent morbidity (secondary infections, hospital readmission, decreased quality of life) and mortality in the ICU.

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Thinking Beyond Language: Intervention for Severe Aphasia

Perspectives on Neurophysiology and Neurogenic Speech and Language Disorders ◽

10.1044/nnsld19.1.15 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 15-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nina Simmons-Mackie

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Communication Training ◽

Language Intervention ◽

Specific Training ◽

Environmental Support ◽

Total Communication ◽

Communication Partners

Abstract Purpose: This article addresses several intervention approaches that aim to improve life for individuals with severe aphasia. Because severe aphasia significantly compromises language, often for the long term, recommended approaches focus on additional domains that affect quality of life. Treatments are discussed that involve increasing participation in personally relevant life situations, enhancing environmental support for communication and participation, and improving communicative confidence. Methods: Interventions that have been suggested in the aphasia literature as particularly appropriate for people with severe aphasia include training in total communication, training of communication partners, and activity specific training. Conclusion: Several intervention approaches can be implemented to enhance life with severe aphasia.

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