Fundamental Research on Physical Activity to Improve Health in Children

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-109
Author(s):  
Yeon-Oh Han ◽  
Myung Kim ◽  
Tae-Seop Park ◽  
Jae-Hyun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fundamental Research ◽  
Improve Health

scholarly journals Utilizing Participatory Research to Engage Underserved Populations to Improve Health-Related Outcomes in Delaware

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2353
Author(s):  
Shannon M. Robson ◽  
Samantha M. Rex ◽  
Katie Greenawalt ◽  
P. Michael Peterson ◽  
Elizabeth Orsega-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Behavior ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Participatory Research ◽  
Cooperative Extension ◽  
Underserved Populations ◽  
Community Outreach ◽  
Outreach Program ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Improve Health

Cooperative Extension is a community outreach program. Despite its large reach, there is a need for the evaluation of changes in health-related outcomes for individuals engaged with Cooperative Extension. A team-based challenge was developed using community-engaged participatory research integrated with Cooperative Extension to encourage healthy eating and physical activity behaviors through Cooperative Extension programming. Thus, the primary purpose of this secondary analysis was to (1) evaluate changes in anthropometric outcomes and (2) evaluate changes in health behavior outcomes. Associations of anthropometric changes and health behavior changes with engagement in the three-month team-based challenge were explored. Anthropometrics were measured using standard procedures, and intake of fruits and vegetables and physical activity were self-reported. Of the 145 participants in the community-engaged participatory research portion of the study, 52.4% (n = 76) had complete anthropometrics before and after the team-based challenge and were included in this study. At 3 months, there was a significant reduction in body mass index (−0.3 kg/m2, p = 0.024) and no significant change in waist circumference (p = 0.781). Fruit and vegetable intake significantly increased (+0.44 servings/day, p = 0.018). Physical activity did not significantly change based on (1) the number of days 30 or more minutes of physical activity was conducted (p = 0.765) and (2) Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire scores (p = 0.612). Changes in anthropometrics and health behaviors were not associated with engagement in the team-based challenge. Using community-engaged participatory research with community outreach programs, such as Cooperative Extension, can improve health-related outcomes in underserved populations. However, despite a participatory approach, changes in anthropometrics and health behaviors were not associated with engagement in the developed team-based challenge.

scholarly journals Targeting Reductions in Sitting Time to Increase Physical Activity and Improve Health

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (8) ◽  
pp. 1572-1582 ◽  
Author(s):  
SARAH K. KEADLE ◽  
DAVID E. CONROY ◽  
MATTHEW P. BUMAN ◽  
DAVID W. DUNSTAN ◽  
CHARLES E. MATTHEWS
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sitting Time ◽  
Improve Health

Shared Use and Safe Routes to School: Managing the Fear of Liability

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (S1) ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin D. Winig ◽  
John O. Spengler ◽  
Alexis M. Etow
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Community Health ◽  
School Administrators ◽  
Policy Initiatives ◽  
Safe Routes To School ◽  
Improve Health

This paper examines two policy initiatives that research shows can increase opportunities for physical activity and, in turn, improve health outcomes. These initiatives — shared use and Safe Routes to School (SRTS) — can and should be embraced by schools to improve student and community health. Fear of liability, however, has made many schools reluctant to support these efforts despite their proven benefits. This paper addresses school administrators’ real and perceived liability concerns and identifies four strategies for managing the fear of liability and mitigating any potential liability exposure.

scholarly journals Are international guidelines for physical activity sufficient to improve health status?

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather J A Foulds ◽  
Shannon S D Bredin ◽  
Sarah A Charlesworth ◽  
Adam C Ivey ◽  
Darren E R Warburton
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Health Status ◽  
International Guidelines ◽  
Improve Health Status ◽  
Improve Health

The complex relationship between physical activity and diabetes: an overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Palermi ◽  
Olimpia Iacono ◽  
Felice Sirico ◽  
Michele Modestino ◽  
Carlo Ruosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Barriers To Exercise ◽  
Cardio Respiratory Fitness ◽  
Intensity Of Exercise ◽  
Health And Well Being ◽  
Improve Health

Abstract Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a widespread condition, representing a challenging disease to manage. Exercise is being increasingly recommended as part of the therapeutic regimen for DM but the management of different forms of physical activity is difficult for individuals with diabetes, trainers, and physicians. Regular exercise can improve health and well-being, helping individuals to achieve their target lipid profile, body composition, cardio-respiratory fitness, and glycemic goals. People with diabetes tend to be as inactive as the general population, with a large percentage of individuals not achieving the minimum amount of recommended physical activity levels. Indeed, several barriers to exercise exist for persons with diabetes, including sports eligibility, multi-modality management of diabetic athletes, and inadequate knowledge about adequate type and intensity of exercise. The aim of the present review is to provide the current understanding of mechanisms, recommendations, and beneficial effects of different modalities of exercise for the treatment of DM.

scholarly journals “I Would Never Come Here Because I’ve Got My Own Garden”: Older Adults’ Perceptions of Small Urban Green Spaces

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa G. Macintyre ◽  
Sarah Cotterill ◽  
Jamie Anderson ◽  
Chris Phillipson ◽  
Jack S. Benton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Photo Elicitation ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Health And Wellbeing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Improve Health

Green spaces are known to improve health and wellbeing via several mechanisms, such as by reducing stress and facilitating physical activity. However, little is known about the impact of the smaller green spaces typically found in urban environments on wellbeing, especially for older adults. This study investigated experiences in adults (5 males and 10 females) aged 60 years and over of small urban green spaces in a large UK city. Fifteen older adults were interviewed using semi-structured walk-along interviews and photo elicitation methods in Old Moat, Greater Manchester. Twelve of the participants lived in Old Moat at the time of the study, and the remaining three participants previously lived in Old Moat and were frequent visitors. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Smaller urban green spaces were perceived differently to large green spaces, and participants were more likely to use larger green spaces such as parks. The smaller green spaces were perceived as belonging to other people, which discouraged the older adults from using them. The older adults also emphasized the importance of taking care of small urban green spaces and preventing them from becoming overgrown. Urban planners should consider these factors, since they indicate that the size and type of urban green spaces may influence whether they improve health and wellbeing. Further research should investigate in more detail which types of urban green space are most conducive to facilitating physical activity and improving wellbeing.

The role of the physiotherapist in the management of people with haemophilia: defining the new normal

2020 ◽  
Vol 81 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
AJ Wells ◽  
D Stephensen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Recurrent Bleeding ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
New Era ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Bleeding Episodes ◽  
New Treatments ◽  
Improve Health

Physiotherapists aim to maximise quality of life and movement potential within the spheres of promotion, prevention, treatment/intervention and rehabilitation. Haemophilia care is witnessing a significant shift towards a new era of potentially life-changing treatments which offer a future of minimal or no bleeds for people with haemophilia. As such, physiotherapy intervention should be more proactive rather than reactive to treat and rehabilitate recurrent bleeding episodes. The role of the physiotherapist within the multidisciplinary team includes the differential diagnosis of musculoskeletal bleeding, supporting and encouraging higher levels of physical activity, rehabilitation to maximise physical potential and capabilities, assessment and treatment of non-bleed-related musculoskeletal issues, managing comorbidities and falls risk, and improving the longitudinal surveillance of musculoskeletal health. Encouraging and supporting people with haemophilia to become more active will improve wellbeing and improve health and health outcomes, and physical activity is becoming one of the most important outcomes for people with haemophilia. Recommendations on the best way to accurately capture these data are vital to ensure the full health benefits of new treatments for people with haemophilia are clear.

scholarly journals Physical Activity Is Associated With Improved Eating Habits During the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego G. D. Christofaro ◽  
André O. Werneck ◽  
William R. Tebar ◽  
Mara C. Lofrano-Prado ◽  
Joao Paulo Botero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Physical Activity Interventions ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Improve Health Status ◽  
Fried Foods ◽  
Vigorous Intensity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Improve Health

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between physical activity and eating habits during the COVID-19 pandemic among Brazilian adults. A sample of 1,929 participants answered an online survey, however 1,874 were included in the analysis. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on eating habits was assessed inquiring about participants' intake of fruits, vegetables, fried foods, and sweets during the pandemic. Physical activity was assessed by asking participants about their weekly frequency, intensity and number of minutes/hours engaging in structured physical activities per week. Participants were then stratified into categories based on moderate-to-vigorous intensity (0–30; 31–90; 91–150; 151–300; and >300 min/week) and into active (≥150 min) or inactive (<150 min). Increased sweets consumption was the most commonly reported change to eating habits (42.5%), followed by an increase in the consumption of vegetables (26.6%), fruits (25.9%), and fried foods (17.9%). Physical activity practice was related to lower consumption of fried foods (OR = 0.60; p < 0.001) and sweets (OR = 0.53; p < 0.001). A cluster analysis revealed subjects with higher the level of physical activity was more likely to follow a healthy diet (p < 0.001). Thus, physical activity was positively associated with healthier eating habits. Health authorities must recommend regular physical as a strategy to improve overall health during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future studies should address the physical activity interventions to improve health status during a pandemic.

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