scholarly journals Multiple phakomatoses and primary open-angle glaucoma in one individual

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 290-301
Author(s):  
Arjit Mitra ◽  
Debarpita Chaudhury ◽  
Sumit Choudhury ◽  
Suchanda Sar ◽  
Smita Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Nevus Of Ota ◽  
Lisch Nodules ◽  
History Of ◽  
Systemic Examination ◽  
The Right

A 50-year-old woman presented with conjunctival melanosis, scleral pigmentation, and Lisch nodules in her left eye. Intraocular pressure was 24 mmHg in the right eye and 14 mmHg in the left eye. She had open angles on gonioscopy. Fundus examination showed a cup-to-disc ratio of 0.7 in the right eye, with an inferior notch and a splinter hemorrhage, and 0.6 in the left eye, with a deep cup with sloping rims. Humphrey visual fields showed an evolving superior arcuate scotoma in her right eye; the left eye was normal. Systemic examination showed axillary freckling. The patient had a family history of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1), her father having been diagnosed with the condition. She had hyperpigmentation of the skin over the forehead and periocular skin on the left side. These unique ocular and systemic features were suggestive of two phakomatoses, NF-1 and nevus of Ota, in one eye, and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in the other eye. that is, three pathologies present together in the same individual, which is an extremely rare occurrence.

Effects of Betaxolol and Latanoprost on Ocular Blood flow and Visual Fields in Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.F. Erkin ◽  
S. Tarhan ◽  
Ö.R. Kayikçioğlu ◽  
H. Devecı ◽  
C. Güler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Open Angle

scholarly journals Effect of mean ocular perfusion pressure on primary open angle glaucoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 286-290
Author(s):  
Pallab Kumar Sen ◽  
Nazneen Khan ◽  
Md. Shafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Ocular Perfusion Pressure ◽  
Ocular Perfusion ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right

Primary open angle glaucoma is the most common form of glaucoma and it remains asymptomatic until the late stage of the disease. The purpose of this study is to compare the mean ocular perfusion pressure with the primary open angle glaucoma. A total of 60 study subjects were divided into two following groups: a) newly diagnosed patients with primary open angle glaucoma (case) and b) age and sex-matched healthy volunteers (control). The intraocular pressure and blood pressure were measured 3 hourly from 8:00 am to 11:00 pm. The mean ocular perfusion pressure of the right eyes in untreated primary open angle glaucoma was 39.9 ± 7.5 mm Hg whereas it was 47.7 ± 7.7 mm Hg in the control. The odds ratio was 6.6 (95% CI, 2.1-20.5; p=0.002). The right eyes of untreated primary open angle glaucoma had 6.6 times more risk compared to the control group. The mean ocular perfusion pressure of left eyes in untreated primary open angle glaucoma was 39.9 ± 7.5 mm Hg and 48.6 ± 4.0 mm Hg in the control group. The odds ratio was 5.7 (95% CI, 1.8-17.5; p=0.004). The left eyes of untreated primary open angle glaucoma had 5.7 times more risk compared to control group. The findings revealed the evidence of vascular mechanism in glaucoma pathogenesis: Reduction of mean ocular perfusion pressure ≤48 mm Hg, may lead to daily repetitive ischemic insult to the optic nerve.

scholarly journals Risk factors of primary open-angle glaucoma: the first case-control hospital-based study in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anh Van Bui ◽  
Tung Thanh Hoang ◽  
Ngoc Bich Nguyen ◽  
Anh Kim Le ◽  
Jennifer L. Patnaik
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Vietnamese Population ◽  
History Of

Abstract Purpose: To identify risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in a Vietnamese population. Methods: A matched case-control study was conducted at Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology. Cases were patients clinically diagnosed with POAG. Controls were caregivers of patients with other eye diseases, free from any ocular and systemic abnormalities, and were selected and then matched with the cases by gender and age. Cases and controls were examined by a glaucoma specialist to confirm presence or absence of POAG. Data on demographic, ophthalmic and medical conditions were collected via interview at time of examination. Associations between POAG and potential factors were examined by univariate conditional logistic regression analysis (OR – Odd Ratios) and multivariate conditional logistic regression (AOR – Adjusted Odd Ratios) with level of significance is 0.05. Results: In total, 128 cases with POAG and 128 controls were recruited. Multivariate conditional (fixed-effects) logistic regression analysis resulted in several significant risk factors, including hypertension AOR =4.7 (95% CI: 1.8–12.0; p=0.002); family history of glaucoma AOR = 6.4 (95% CI: 1.3 – 32.2; p = 0.026); over–the–counter eye medication AOR = 3.1 (95% CI: 1.5 – 6.5; p = 0.006), and a protective role for marriage AOR = 0.2 (95% CI: 0.1 – 0.7; p = 0.006) and weekly exercise AOR = 0.3 (95% CI: 0.1 – 0.8; p = 0.021). Conclusions: Hypertension, family history of glaucoma and over–the–counter eye medication were risk factors while marriage and weekly exercise were protective factors for POAG in Vietnamese population.

scholarly journals Factors Related to Superior and Inferior Hemifield Defects in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Remi Takeuchi ◽  
Nobuko Enomoto ◽  
Kyoko Ishida ◽  
Ayako Anraku ◽  
Goji Tomita
Keyword(s):  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Defect Group ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Defect Groups ◽  
Disc Area ◽  
History Of

Purpose. We aimed to investigate factors related to superior and inferior hemifield defects in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods. Sixty-seven subjects with newly diagnosed, untreated POAG underwent optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the disc area, macular ganglion cell complex (mGCC), and circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) thickness within 6 months of the visual field (VF) test. Based on the VF and OCT results, 40 subjects had a superior and 27 an inferior hemifield defect. Clinical data including visual acuity, refractive error, disc hemorrhage, VF indexes, and medical history were recorded. Results. Average mGCC thickness corresponding to the defective hemifields was thinner in the superior VF defect group than in the inferior VF defect group (P=0.003). Average total deviation (TD) was comparable between the two groups. However, the superior VF defect group had a higher prevalence of defects (P=0.001) and lower TD (P=0.002) within central 5 degrees of VF than the inferior VF defect group. In multivariate regression analyses, the temporal-lower and inferior-temporal cpRNFL thicknesses were significant contributing factors to the inferior mGCC thickness in the superior VF defect group. In the inferior VF defect group, the disc area, family history of glaucoma, and temporal-upper cpRNFL thickness contributed to the superior mGCC thickness. Conclusion. The inferior mGCC thickness corresponding to the superior hemifield defect group was significantly thinner than the superior mGCC thickness corresponding to the inferior hemifield defect group. The factors related to the reduction of the corresponding mGCC thickness may differ between superior VF defect and inferior VF defect groups.

Neuroimaging Findings in Glaucoma (Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Gazizova Ilmira ◽  
Bogdan Andrey ◽  
Khomenko Yulia ◽  
Gromova Elena ◽  
Zainullina Svetlana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
The Right

The aim of the research is to determine metabolic changes in brain tissue by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) for patients who had primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and to reveal a correlation between morphometric and functional alterations in the optic nerve and retina with basic MRS data. Methods: The study involved 24 patients with a diagnosis of POAG aged 58 to 80 years (mean age 73.2 ± 9.5 years). All patients underwent verification of the diagnosis of POAG, quantitative static perimetry (indexes were evaluated: MD - mean deviation), optical coherence tomography of the retina (assessment of the area of the neuro-retinal rim (NRR) and the thickness of the nerve fibers’ layer of the retina (RNFL)). The 2D-PRESS (Point RESolved Spectroscopy) volume-selection method was used for multivoxel MRS, TE (Time Echo) = 144ms TR (Time Repetition) = 2s, the size of each voxel was 10 * 10 * 15mm. The region of interest included thalami (4 voxels in each thalamus) and occipital cortex; Cho/Cr, NAA/Cr and NAA/Cho were evaluated. Results: According to analysis of variance, the ratio of NAA/Cr in the right thalamus was associated with the POAG stage of the right eye (F = 5.006; p = 0.0173) and decreased with increasing of the disease stage. At the same time, there were no significant differences in different stages of POAG of the left eye (F = 1.337; p = 0.285). The ratio of NAA/Cr in the left thalamus did not differ depending on the POAG stage of the right eye (F = 1.337; p = 0.285) but depended on the stage of POAG of the left eye (F = 6.245; p = 0.0074). Thus, the eye POAG stage affected the ratio of NAA/Cr in the ipsilateral thalamus, but not in the contralateral one. It was also revealed that the ratio of NAA/Cr in the right occipital cortex correlated positively with the area of the NRR and MD of the left eye (r = 0.54; p = 0.0069 and r = 0.54; p = 0.0260, respectively). Conclusions: The decline of NAA/Cr ratio in thalamus and occipital cortex is observed in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma, which confirms the impairment of functional state of these brain structures and may indicate the neurodegeneration in the central part of visual system in patients with POAG. The correlations of the stage of primary open-angle glaucoma and the Cho/Cr ratio and NAA/Cr ratio in thalamus were revealed, which could have diagnostic and prognostic value in POAG. The dependence of the ratio of NAA/Cr in the thalamus and occipital cortex and morphometric data of the optic disc and the functional state of the retina was determined, which confirms the involvement of the optic tract in the POAG progression and its possible development.

scholarly journals Impact of combination of local carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and beta-blockers on intraocular pressure, visual functions and eye hemodynamics in primary open-angle glaucoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
T. N. Malishevskaya ◽  
T. N. Kiseleva ◽  
A. S. Vlasova ◽  
E. K. Eliseeva
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Beta Blockers ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Treatment Optimization ◽  
Visual Functions

Drug treatment optimization in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is a topical issue of ophthalmology in recent decades. The review focuses on the choice of local hypotensive therapy and the effectiveness of a fixed combination (FC) of dorzolamide / timolol in glaucoma treatment. Since decreased perfusion eye pressure and disturbed regulation of local hemodynamics affect the development and progression of glaucomatous optical neuropathy, the use of anti-glaucomatous drugs or other hypotensive agents requires taking account of their effect on intraocular pressure (IOP), visual functions, and ocular blood flow. Most studies show that the hypotensive and hemodynamic effects of dorzolamide/timolol FC contribute to the preservation of visual fields in POAG patients by reducing significant risk factors for POAG progression, such as increased IOP and blood flow deficiency in the retinal and choroidal vessels. Improved hemodynamic parametersdue to local hypotensive treatment can be considered as basis for visual function stabilization, especially in long-term chronic courses of the disease.

Involvement of Genetic Variants Associated With Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma in Pathogenic Mechanisms and Family History of Glaucoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 159 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-444.e2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumihiko Mabuchi ◽  
Yoichi Sakurada ◽  
Kenji Kashiwagi ◽  
Zentaro Yamagata ◽  
Hiroyuki Iijima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Pathogenic Mechanisms ◽  
History Of

Cytomegalovirus Retinitis in a Patient Taking Tocilizumab: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-235
Author(s):  
Erin S. Ong ◽  
John T. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
African American Woman ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
American Woman ◽  
Significant Past Medical History ◽  
Cmv Retinitis ◽  
History Of ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
The Right

Purpose: This report discusses a case of cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in a patient taking tocilizumab for maintenance and remission of giant cell arteritis (GCA). Methods: A case report is presented. Results: A 78-year-old African American woman with no significant past medical history and an ocular history of primary open-angle glaucoma presented to the retina clinic with vitritis in the right eye. Four months earlier, she had been diagnosed with biopsy-proven GCA and prescribed 30 mg of prednisone daily and 162 mg tocilizumab subcutaneously weekly. Diagnostic vitrectomy with polymerase chain reaction of the vitreous was positive for CMV. Her retinitis gradually resolved after 3 months of treatment with valganciclovir, with no recurrence 4 months after discontinuing the valganciclovir. Conclusions: Physicians should be aware of the potential to develop CMV retinitis in the setting of tocilizumab use for GCA treatment.

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