ASSESSMENT OF THE CONDITION OF THE ROCK MASSIVE ABOVE THE SUBMERGED SALT MINE ON THE SALT DEPOSIT IN TUZLA IN THE POST-EXPLOITATION PERIOD

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Džavid Bijedić ◽  
Samir Hodžić ◽  
Ibrahim Hadžihrustić
Keyword(s):  
Additional Research ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Salt Deposit ◽  
Rock Collapse ◽  
B 31

This paper assesses the condition of the "rock massiv" above the closed Tušanj salt mine based on the results of monitoring in the post-exploitation period of the salt deposit in Tuzla. The results of individual monitoring segments realized from 2002 until today, geodetic, hydrogeological, engineering-geological, chemical and geophysical, were analyzed in order to assess the condition of rocks above the mining premises of Tušanj mine, in the rock collapse zone above mine well B-31. The results will be used to assess the condition of the massiv in the post-exploitation period in the Tušanj district and will be the basis for conducting additional research.

scholarly journals Labile technogenic geological system of the flooded Shevchenko salt mine (Ukraine)

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-201
Author(s):  
L. Bosevska ◽  
Anirban Chowdhury
Keyword(s):  
Rock Salt ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Salt Deposit ◽  
Mine Area ◽  
Deformation Control ◽  
Deformation Processes ◽  
Analytical Processing ◽  
Destructive Processes ◽  
Salt Mining

This paper presents the analog ecological-mining-geological model of the labile technogenic geological system created at the Shevchenko flooded salt mine area within Artyomovsk rock salt deposit, which is the largest rock salt deposit in Europe. Description of all the system elements taking into account their interconnection and interaction are presented on the basis of the analytical processing and compilation of basic mining and geological data as well as the results of the long-term complex ecological-mining-geological monitoring.The paper describes both the geology of the mine area and the condition assessment of the mine including its shape, parameters, and layout. In addition, scientific interpretation of the mechanism of multi-act intrasystem destructive processes, which have been taking place in the last few decades are provided. Natural and technogenic factors determining the development of the created technogenic geological system (such as man-made karst and critical geomechanical deformations) are summarized and analysed. Predictive evaluation of the time-dependent deformation processes development has been carried out using theexisting methodology for assessing the geomechanical condition of the mined-out area of the salt massive. Correctness of the method for evaluation of stability of the unsupported workings system currently in use for the Artyomovsk rock salt deposit development has been confirmed. This work concerns the scientific problems of maintenance of the geo-ecological safety in the densely populated areas disturbed by underground salt mining. Hereinabove research results add information and analytical base to improve the deformation control system for ductile salt layers in various dynamic conditions of man-caused and natural loads. It is shown that such control is required for the aim of reduction of environmental risks and ensuring the safe operation of salt deposits, salt resources protection as well as infrastructure objects at the Earth’s surface nearby sites of modern salt mining activity.

scholarly journals Improving the Stability of the Directional Room G 31-33, Horizon 210 - East, Ocnele Mari-Coceneṣti Salt Mine, By Reinforcement with Anchors and Shotcrete

Mining Revue ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
Dacian-Paul Marian ◽  
Ilie Onica
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Numerical Modelling ◽  
Rock Salt ◽  
Systematic Measurement ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Salt Deposit ◽  
3D Finite Element ◽  
G 31 ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Horizontal Displacements

Abstract The rock salt deposit from Ocnele Mari - Coceneşti was mined by the method with rooms and small square pillars, at the levels + 226m and + 210m. Although the saline is not deep, certain instability phenomena (cracks, exfoliations) have occurred in the resistance structures (pillars, ceilings), especially in the G31-33 directional room, horizon 210E. These instability phenomena were also highlighted following the 3D finite element numerical modelling. In order to prevent the degradation of the mining excavations and the resistance structures, the affected surfaces were supported with anchors and reinforced shotcrete. The ceiling of the consolidated section of the G31-33 directional room, horizon 210E is monitored by the systematic measurement, on topographic landmarks mounted on the ceiling, of the vertical and horizontal displacements.

Causes and Consequences of Water Flux on the Example of Transverse Heading Mina in the Salt Mine “Wieliczka” / Przyczyny i Skutki Dopływu Wody na Przykładzie Poprzeczni Mina w Kopalni Soli „Wieliczka”

2012 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-334
Author(s):  
Andrzej Gonet ◽  
Stanisław Stryczek ◽  
Krzysztof Brudnik
Keyword(s):  
Water Flux ◽  
Mining Activities ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Salt Deposit ◽  
Safety Pillar ◽  
Geological Setting ◽  
Hydrogeological Conditions ◽  
Water Hazard ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract The causes of disastrous water flux in the historical Salt Mine “Wieliczka“ have been presented on the example of transverse heading Mina at the IV level at a depth of 175 m bsl. The complex geological setting of direct environment of the transverse heading Mina has been described paying attention to unfavorable hydrogeological conditions in the northern part of the salt deposit. The main activities oriented to limiting the water hazard in the Salt Mine “Wieliczka“ and the reconstruction of inner safety pillar, which had been seriously damaged by mining activities, have been analyzed. A selection of objects inside the mine, saved from flooding thanks to protection works has been visualized in photos.

scholarly journals Finite Element Modelling of the Stability of Underground Mining Excavations at Old Mines – Slănic Salt Mine

Mining Revue ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Dacian-Paul Marian ◽  
Ilie Onica
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Modelling ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Salt Deposit ◽  
Element Modelling ◽  
State Of Stress ◽  
Elasto Plasticity ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The underground mining of the rock salt deposit from Slănic started over 350 years ago, in bell-shape room (Ocna din Deal and Ocna din Vale) and in large trapezoidal rooms (Carol, Mihai and Unirea mines), until 1970, generating a volume of underground excavations of over 5.3 million m3. Over time, these large excavations have lost their stability (collapse of the mines to the surface and various degrees of instability of the Carol and Mihai mines), keeping only the Unirea mine in operation for tourist purposes. This article is a synthesis of the analysis with 3D finite elements, in elasto-plasticity, of the state of stress and strain developed around the excavations and highlighting the factors that led to the loss of their stability, focusing on the Unirea mine.

Barcelona's water supply improvement: the brine collector of the Llobregat river

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 221-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordi Martín-Alonso
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Water Treatment Plant ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Water Production ◽  
Public Work ◽  
Drinking Water Production ◽  
Llobregat River

The Llobregat is a 156 km long river, which supplies 35% of the Barcelona's drinking water needs from the Sant Joan Despí Water Treatment Plant. Since the establishment of the Salt Mine Works in the Llobregat basin in 1923, a progressive salinization of the water sources has been recorded. The operation of the Brine Collector, as a public work carried out by Aigües de Barcelona (AGBAR), started in 1989; it enabled a very significant improvement in the quality of the surface water used for drinking-water production.

Understanding Indicator Choice for the Assessment of RD&D Financing of Low-Carbon Energy Technologies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Sonnenschein
Keyword(s):  
Nordic Countries ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Technologies ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Standard Set ◽  
Low Carbon Energy

Rapid decarbonization requires additional research, development, and demonstration of low-carbon energy technologies. Various financing instruments are in place to support this development. They are frequently assessed through indicator-based evaluations. There is no standard set of indicators for this purpose. This study looks at the Nordic countries, which are leading countries with respect to eco-innovation. Different indicators to assess financing instruments are analysed with respect to their acceptance, the ease of monitoring, and their robustness. None of the indicators emerges as clearly superior from the analysis. Indicator choice is subject to trade-offs and leaves room for steering evaluation results in a desired direction. The study concludes by discussing potential policy implications of biases in indicator-based evaluation.

Gender Nonbinary Mental Health

2020 ◽  
pp. 295-304
Author(s):  
Lore M. Dickey
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Native American ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Global South ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
American People ◽  
Psychological Literature ◽  
Nonbinary Gender ◽  
And Training ◽  
Racial And Ethnic Minority

In this chapter the author explores the mental health of those with nonbinary gender identities and focuses on the issues they face. The author defines nonbinary identities and discusses how these identities are different than people who have binary identities. There is a summary of the extant psychological literature focusing on people with nonbinary identities. Attention is also brought to how racial and ethnic minority individuals, including Native American people, conceptualize nonbinary identities. The chapter ends with information about the lack of attention to the Global South and the need for additional research and training in the mental health of those with nonbinary identities.

scholarly journals Geological CO2 quantified by high-temporal resolution stable isotope monitoring in a salt mine

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander H. Frank ◽  
Robert van Geldern ◽  
Anssi Myrttinen ◽  
Martin Zimmer ◽  
Johannes A. C. Barth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
Underground Mining ◽  
Stable Carbon Isotope ◽  
Underground Mines ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
High Temporal Resolution ◽  
Salt Mine ◽  
Gas Migration ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Anthropogenic Contributions

AbstractThe relevance of CO2 emissions from geological sources to the atmospheric carbon budget is becoming increasingly recognized. Although geogenic gas migration along faults and in volcanic zones is generally well studied, short-term dynamics of diffusive geogenic CO2 emissions are mostly unknown. While geogenic CO2 is considered a challenging threat for underground mining operations, mines provide an extraordinary opportunity to observe geogenic degassing and dynamics close to its source. Stable carbon isotope monitoring of CO2 allows partitioning geogenic from anthropogenic contributions. High temporal-resolution enables the recognition of temporal and interdependent dynamics, easily missed by discrete sampling. Here, data is presented from an active underground salt mine in central Germany, collected on-site utilizing a field-deployed laser isotope spectrometer. Throughout the 34-day measurement period, total CO2 concentrations varied between 805 ppmV (5th percentile) and 1370 ppmV (95th percentile). With a 400-ppm atmospheric background concentration, an isotope mixing model allows the separation of geogenic (16–27%) from highly dynamic anthropogenic combustion-related contributions (21–54%). The geogenic fraction is inversely correlated to established CO2 concentrations that were driven by anthropogenic CO2 emissions within the mine. The described approach is applicable to other environments, including different types of underground mines, natural caves, and soils.

scholarly journals Ethnolichenology—The Use of Lichens in the Himalayas and Southwestern Parts of China

Diversity ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Mei-Xia Yang ◽  
Shiva Devkota ◽  
Li-Song Wang ◽  
Christoph Scheidegger
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Medicine ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Lichen Species ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Modern Life ◽  
The Future ◽  
Ethnic Uses

Lichens are used in traditional medicine, food and various other ethnic uses by cultures across the Himalayas and southwestern parts of China. Evidence-based knowledge from historical and modern literatures and investigation of ethnic uses from 1990 proved that lichen species used as medicine in the Himalayas and southwestern parts of China totaled to 142 species; furthermore, 42 species were utilized as food. Moreover, some lichens are popularly used for lichen produce in ethnic and modern life. An understanding and clarification of the use of lichens in the Himalayas and southeastern parts of China can therefore be important for understanding uses of lichens elsewhere and a reference for additional research of lichen uses in the future.

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