scholarly journals Analysis of the Association between Public Health and Drug Market Policing: Review of Law Enforcement Indicators

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Reporting System ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
Drug Law ◽  
The Difference

BACKGROUND: A number of studies show that an intensification of the policing of illicit drug markets has an impact on public health. The impacts are largely seen as negative. AIMS: The aim of this paper is to describe the basic characteristics of data collection and to review the aspects related to data collection and its context that might influence the law enforcement indicators (drug law offences and offenders). METHODS: This work is based on research on the literature and grey zone materials, which consisted of reviewing reports published by relevant institutions and by searching in specialized databases. RESULTS: Long-term indicators based on police statistics available for the Czech Republic come from the Crime Statistics System (ESSK) and from data collected by the National Drug Headquarters (NPC). The difference between the ESSK and NPC data lies in the reporting procedures and their changes and specificity as regards the substances involved in drug law offences. The review identified different aspects of data collection and its context that have the potential to influence the indicators. Nine events with such potential were identified in three areas: legislation, the reporting system, and the structure and priorities. The events that have the greatest potential to influence the time series are related to the reporting system, structure, and priorities. CONCLUSIONS: The review may assist and facilitate informed analysis and interpretation of drug-related law enforcement indicators individually or in combination with other indicators, using time series analysis as well as comparative approaches.

Potential Indicators for the Analysis of the Association between Public Health and Drug Market Policing in the Czech Republic: Review of Public Health Indicators

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Grey Zone ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Public Health Indicators ◽  
Basic Characteristics

BACKGROUND: A number of studies show that an intensification of the policing of illicit drug markets impacts on public health. The impacts are largely seen as negative. AIMS: The aim of this article is to describe the basic characteristics of available data and data collection of selected indicators and to review the aspects related to data collection and its context that might influence the selected public health time series in the Czech Republic. The secondary aim is to provide recommendations for future data collection in the Czech public health statistics. METHODS: This work is based on research of the specialised databases, reviewing reports published by relevant institutions and additional and selective literature and grey zone materials search. RESULTS: The article provides a review of the basic data collection characteristics and identifies different aspects of data collection and its context that have the potential to influence the time series of selected indicators in three different areas: a) treatment entrants, b) non-fatal and fatal intoxications, and c) infectious diseases. CONCLUSIONS: The review may assist and facilitate informed analysis and interpretation of drug-related law enforcement indicators individually or in combination with other indicators, using time series analysis as well as comparative approaches.

Where Is the Fairness in Canadian Cannabis Legalization? Lessons to be Learned from the American Experience

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-418
Author(s):  
Akwasi Owusu-Bempah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
The United States ◽  
Systemic Racism ◽  
American Experience ◽  
Drug Law ◽  
Drug Law Enforcement ◽  
The Us ◽  
International Attention ◽  
Drug Prohibition

Canada has received praise and international attention for its departure from strict cannabis prohibition and the introduction of a legal regulatory framework for adult use. In addition to the perceived public health and public safety benefits associated with legalization, reducing the burden placed on the individuals criminalized for cannabis use served as an impetus for change. In comparison to many jurisdictions in the United States, however, Canadian legalization efforts have done less to address the harms that drug law enforcement has inflicted on individuals and communities. This article documents the racialized nature of drug prohibition in Canada and the US and compares the stated aims of legalization in in both jurisdictions. The article outlines the various reparative measures being proposed and implemented in America and contrasts those with the situation in Canada, arguing, furthermore that the absence of social justice measures in Canadian legalization is an extension of the systemic racism perpetuated under prohibition.

scholarly journals Drug Law Enforcement Revisited: The “War” Against the War on Drugs

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 396-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Alexandris Polomarkakis
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
War On Drugs ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Policy Choice ◽  
Drug Control ◽  
Drug Markets ◽  
Drug Law ◽  
Drug Law Enforcement

From the closure of London’s nightclub Fabric to Duterte’s drug war, law enforcement has become the policy choice par excellence for drug control by stakeholders around the globe, creating a rift between theory and practice, the former vehemently dismissing most of its alleged benefits. This article provides a fresh look on the said regime, through examining its implications in the key areas of illicit drug markets, public health, and broader society. Instead of adopting a critical stance from the start, as much of the literature does, the issue is evaluated from the perspective of a focus on the logic and rationality of drug law enforcement approaches, to showcase from within how problematic the latter are. The article concludes by suggesting at least a reconceptualization of the concept, to give way to more sophisticated policies for finally tackling the issue of illegal drugs effectively.

scholarly journals The Difference Between Living and Dying: Victim Characteristics and Motive Among Nonfatal Shootings and Gun Homicides

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 977-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalie Kroovand Hipple ◽  
Lauren A. Magee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Gunshot Wound ◽  
Gun Violence ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Police Policy ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Sector Data ◽  
Gun Homicides

Using both official and unofficial data sources, researchers examined nonfatal (n = 617) and fatal shooting (n = 159) victim characteristics over an 18-month period in Indianapolis. This research revealed that the typical shooting victim was male, non-White, almost 29 years old, had been arrested prior to inclusion in this study, and had been shot more than once. Interestingly, this research supports the notion that nonfatal shooting and homicide victims are different, especially as they relate to victim age, gunshot wound severity, and shooting motive. It highlights the need for better gun violence data collection beyond what currently exists. Striving for improved, more comprehensive cross-sector data collection has implications beyond just police policy and practice to include public health and prevention efforts.

scholarly journals The Identification of Precursor Regulation Impact on the Methamphetamine Market and Public Health Indicators in the Czech Republic: Time Series Structural Break Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 7840
Author(s):  
Benjamin Petruželka ◽  
Miroslav Barták
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Structural Break ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Test Framework ◽  
The Impact

Background: This study provides insight into the impact of methamphetamine precursor regulation, which is considered to be one of the most important tools of supply reduction and a tool with potential public health impact. Methods: It is based on a longitudinal and quasi-experimental design and it investigates the changes of methamphetamine precursor regulation in Czech Republic, which is treated as a natural experiment. The statistical analysis uses features from the generalized fluctuation test framework as well as from the F test framework to estimate structural changes in the methamphetamine-related arrests and nonfatal intoxications time series. Results: The analysis identified structural breaks in the majority of the methamphetamine drug market-related time series in the period related to the tightening of regulation. The results of this study show that methamphetamine precursor regulation was associated with the proliferation of international and organized crime groups and with no change in the overall number of arrests and nonfatal intoxications. Conclusions: The precursor regulation ceteris paribus plausibly leads to the change in drug supply towards more organized groups and to an increasing involvement of foreign nationals at the drug market and is not effective in suppressing the methamphetamine market and in reducing the public health indicator of nonfatal methamphetamine intoxications.

Drug Law Enforcement in an Agent-Based Model

2011 ◽  
pp. 352-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Dray ◽  
Lorraine Mazerolle ◽  
Pascal Perez ◽  
Alison Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Drug Law ◽  
Drug Law Enforcement ◽  
Outreach Workers ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Problem Oriented Policing

This chapter describes an agent-based model called SimDrugPolicing that explores the relative impact of three law enforcement strategies—standard patrol, hotspot policing, and problem-oriented policing— on an archetypal street-based illicit drug market. Using data from Melbourne (Australia), we simulate the relative effectiveness of these different drug law enforcement approaches. We examine the complex interactions between users, dealers, wholesalers, outreach workers and police to examine the relative effectiveness of the three drug law enforcement strategies, analyzing several outcome indicators such as the number of committed crimes, dealers’ and users’ cash, overdoses and fatal overdoses. Our results show that problem-oriented policing is the most effective approach to disrupting street level drug markets in a simulated urban environment.

Effect of drug law enforcement on drug market violence: A systematic review

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Werb ◽  
Greg Rowell ◽  
Gordon Guyatt ◽  
Thomas Kerr ◽  
Julio Montaner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Drug Market ◽  
Drug Law ◽  
Drug Law Enforcement

Motivasi dan kepuasan kerja pegawai puskesmas BLUD dan non-BLUD Kabupaten Semarang

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Aswindar Adhi Gumilang ◽  
Tri Pitara Mahanggoro ◽  
Qurrotul Aini
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Financial Management ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
P Value ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Demand For Health ◽  
Public Demand

The public demand for health service professionalism and transparent financial management made some Puskesmas in Semarang regency changed the status of public health center to BLUD. The implementation of Puskesmas BLUD and non-BLUD requires resources that it can work well in order to meet the expectations of the community. The aim of this study is to know the difference of work motivation and job satisfaction of employees in Puskesmas BLUD and non-BLUD. Method of this research is a comparative descriptive with a quantitative approach. The object of this research are work motivation and job satisfaction of employees in Puskesmas BLUD and non-BLUD Semarang regency. This Research showed that Sig value. (P-value) work motivation variable was 0.019 smaller than α value (0.05). It showed that there was a difference of work motivation of employees in Puskemas BLUD and non-BLUD. Sig value (P-value) variable of job satisfaction was 0.020 smaller than α value (0.05). It showed that there was a difference of job satisfaction of BLUD and non-BLUD. The average of non-BLUD employees motivation were 76.59 smaller than the average of BLUD employees were 78.25. The average of job satisfaction of BLUD employees were 129.20 bigger than the average of non-BLUD employee were 124.26. Job satisfaction of employees in Puskesmas BLUD was higher than non-BLUD employees.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document