scholarly journals Analysis of the Influence of Pesticides on the Soil in an Agricultural Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Beatrice Daniela TUDOR ◽  
Bianca Teodora BUCEVSCHI
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Heavy Elements ◽  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Soil Composition ◽  
The Impact

The paper presents an analysis of the soil in an agricultural area, to determine the influence of pesticides on the soil where agricultural production is carried out. For the research of the soil quality, were analysed areas, for harvesting soil samples. On the samples collected were determined, the amount of nitrates and nitrites from the soil, were determination of heavy elements from soil composition, soil pH and it was observed of the impact of pollutants on the soil.

scholarly journals Płatności prośrodowiskowe jako instrument ochrony użytkowej biosfery w rolnictwie

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
Beata Jeżyńska
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Common Agricultural Policy ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
The Common ◽  
New Guidelines ◽  
Quality Assessments ◽  
The Impact

<p>The need to keep the expected level of production in agriculture generates a serious burden on the environment. The most important environmental factors exposed to the impact of agriculture include biodiversity and water, air, and soil quality. Assessments of all these environmental aspects related to agricultural production are negative. The condition of the agricultural environment has been subject to rapid deterioration. In such a situation, environmental instruments have drawn particular attention from the European legislature when developing new guidelines of the Common Agricultural Policy to be applicable after 2020.</p>

scholarly journals Assessment of the Quality of Soil and Groundwater of the Agricultural Area of Sidi Yahya Region, Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 01001
Author(s):  
M. Lahmar ◽  
N. El Khodrani ◽  
S. Omrania ◽  
H. Dakak ◽  
R. Moussadek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Table ◽  
Land Management ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Agricultural Area ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil And Water

The Gharb plain is the largest agricultural area in Morocco. It is characterized by fertile soils and the availability of water either from surface or groundwater which allowed intensive agriculture. The aim of this research work is to study the impact of this land management on the quality of water and soil. The study was done for the irrigated perimeter of Sidi Yahya belonging to the province of Sidi Slimane, Gharb (Morocco). Depth of water table and water pH were measured in situ while water and soil samples were collected and brought to the laboratory for their physico-chemical analyses. Sampling of 33water wells and soil samples, from six different zones, was done between May and October 2018. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to check if mean water and soil parameters differed between zones. The results showed that the minimal and maximal water table depth were 6 and 96 m, respectively. Also, slightly more than half of the wells (51.5%) were inadequate for irrigation since they were either highly or extremely saline. Furthermore, soils were poor to moderately poor in organic matter but very rich in potassium and the phosphorus content was highly variable. Based on the statistical analysis, it is clear that the six zones had significantly different means for CaCO3, pH, OM, and exchangeable sodium percentage. Soil degradation like pollution and salinization may occur in this region if poor quality water is used for irrigation and if land is mismanaged. This research work can be considered as a first step towards a program for monitoring the quality of soil and water for adapting the land management with the final objective of securing high productivity and sustainable use of soil and water resources.

scholarly journals MODELING OF THE OPTIMAL DISTRIBUTION OF MOTORWAY OVERPASSES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE A4 MOTORWAY SECTION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stanisław BACIOR ◽  
Barbara PRUS ◽  
Małgorzata DUDZIŃSKA
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
The Other ◽  
Toxic Impact ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Alternative Location ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
The Impact

The developed, innovative method of estimating the impact of motorway on agricultural land allows determination of all the losses associated with the directions of this impact. The basis for the determination of losses is the analysis of variability in land use and the quality classes and location of access roads to the land along the axis of the planned motorway. The approved measure of the multidirectional impact of the motorway on agricultural land is a change in the value of land, which is designated taking into account the differentiation of their suitability for agricultural production. The developed method of determining the impact of motorway on agricultural land was presented on the example of A4 motorway section between Bratkowice and Mrowla. The existing section of motorway was assessed and then for the same section the calculations were made again, but with an alternative location of the motorway overpasses. In the case of the existing section, the construction of one kilometer of the section of motorway under consideration will result in a reduction in the value of agricultural land of 1725 cereal units. Acquisition of land for the construction of the motorway and its negative impact cover about 69% of the total reduction in value of agricultural land. The remaining 31% of the land value reduction is related to the increase in transport and the deterioration of the parcels layout. On the other hand, in the case of the section with alternative arrangement of viaducts, the value of agricultural land is reduced of 1538 cereal units. Acquisition of land under construction and its toxic impact will be equal 75%, while the combined effect of transport growth and deterioration of the layout makes 25%.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Toxic Elements Resulting from the Manufacture of Bricks on Air and Soil at Abu Smeache Area - Southwest Babylon governorate - Iraq

2019 ◽  
pp. 2443-2456
Author(s):  
Murtadha J. Issa ◽  
Hussain Musa Hussain ◽  
Inas Hadi Shaker
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Particles ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Heavy Elements ◽  
Total Suspended Particles ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Very High ◽  
Slight Contamination

     Brick factories distributed within the study area use fuel oil to complete the burning of the bricks, were high amounts of gases and suspended particles with different concentrations of heavy elements are produced and cause air and soil pollution. It is noted that the workers suffer from respiratory diseases and other health problems. This study is an attempt to detect the sources and concentrations of pollutants and to propose modalities for their treatment and reduction. Air and soil samples were collected from different sites in Abu Smeache brick factory in Al-Kifl area to the south of Babel city, Iraq, during two seasons (summer and winter). The process also included collecting and modelling of dust and soil samples from two depth, surface and sub-surface, to detect pollution and the mobility of heavy elements across the different depths. Heavy elements (Pb, Ni, Co), along with gases (CO, CO2, NO2, SO2) and total suspended particles (TSP) in the air, were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The air results showed high pollution with all the studied heavy elements, while the levels of TSP and SO2 were higher than global and Iraqi limits in most of the studied stations, especially in the winter. The results also showed significant pollution in the soil with lead along with slight contamination with nickel and cobalt. Soil contamination was evaluated using several contamination indices; the values of contamination factors (CF) for the lead were very high, while CF values for nickel and copper indicated low to moderate pollution. Also, the high values of PLI ˃1 in the soil indicated high pollution with heavy elements, which provides clear evidence of the impact of industrial human activities on the environment of the region. In addition, low values of i-geo indicated a moderate contamination with lead and an unpolluted status for both nickel and copper. These results indicate a great need to develop strategies to prevent and reduce pollution by heavy metals in  the areas under rapid industrial and urban development.

scholarly journals Strategic directions of increase of bean production in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-83
Author(s):  
V. I. Sichkar
Keyword(s):  
Soil Quality ◽  
Root Zone ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Legume Seeds ◽  
Subsequent Crop ◽  
The Impact

Goal. Based on the results to substantiate the need for a significant increase in legume crops in Ukraine on the basis of analysis of food and feed indicators of their seeds, the impact on soil quality and the environment. Material and methods. Field – determination of features of growth and development of plants, elements of seed productivity; biometric and measuring-weight – accounting of yield and total biomass; biochemical – determination of protein, fat and other components of seeds; statistical – variation, regression and analysis of variance. Results and discussion. The significant nutritional value of legume seeds, which is rich in high-quality protein with a high content of essential amino acids, isoflavones, essential micronutrients, is substantiated. It is distinguished by high taste, quickly swells and boils, has a pleasant aroma. This group of crops is able to fix nitrogen from the air, provide for their own needs and leave a significant amount of it in the soil for subsequent crop rotations. Legumes should be considered in the crop rotation system together with winter wheat as fallow crops. Their synergistic effect on subsequent crop rotations is explained by the peculiarity of the microflora of the root zone, where symbiotic and free-living bacteria are concentrated. Observations indicate the need to increase crops of pea, chickpea and lentil in Ukraine, as there are all the necessary conditions - adapted to insufficient moisture varieties, developed technology for their cultivation, accumulated positive experience for obtaining high yields. Conclusions. Based on our own results and analysis of the experience of many countries around the world revealed the importance of legumes for our country. Their role in providing high-quality food, improving soil quality, increasing the country’s export potential is noted

scholarly journals Assessment of the motorway’s impact on agricultural land on the example of the section of motorway A4 Jasień – Bobrowniki Małe

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 00007
Author(s):  
Stanisław Bacior ◽  
Małgorzata Dudzińska ◽  
Barbara Prus
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Value ◽  
Innovative Method ◽  
Alternative Version ◽  
Method Of Assessment ◽  
The Impact

The innovative method of assessment of the motorway impact on agricultural land presented in this study allows to estimate all losses related to the directions of this impact. The basis for the determination of losses is the analysis of land use variability and bonitation classes as well as the location of access roads to the land along the axis of the planned motorway. The applied measure of the motorway's impact on agricultural land is the change in land value, at which determination only the diversity of its suitability for agricultural production is taken into account. The developed method of determining the impact of the motorway on agricultural land was presented on the example of the A4 motorway section between the villages Jasień and Bobrowniki Małe. The existing motorway section was evaluated and then the obtained data were compared with the results obtained for the alternative version of the motorway running on the same section.

scholarly journals ORGANIC MATTER FRACTIONS IN A QUARTZIPSAMMENT UNDER CULTIVATION OF IRRIGATED MANGO IN THE LOWER SÃO FRANCISCO VALLEY REGION, BRAZIL

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1068-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Alberto Ferreira Cardoso ◽  
Augusto Miguel Nascimento Lima ◽  
Tony Jarbas Ferreira Cunha ◽  
Marcos Sales Rodrigues ◽  
Luis Carlos Hernani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Fulvic Acid ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
C Stocks ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions ◽  
The Impact

Improper land use has lead to deterioration and depletion of natural resources, as well as a significant decline in agricultural production, due to decreased soil quality. Removal of native vegetation to make way for agricultural crops, often managed inadequately, results in soil disruption, decreased nutrient availability, and decomposition of soil organic matter, making sustainable agricultural production unviable. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of growing irrigated mango (over a 20 year period) on the organic carbon (OC) stocks and on the fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) in relation to the native caatinga (xeric shrubland) vegetation in the Lower São Francisco Valley region, Brazil. The study was carried out on the Boa Esperança Farm located in Petrolina, Pernambuco, Brazil. In areas under irrigated mango and native caatinga, soil samples were collected at the 0-10 and 10-20 cm depths. After preparing the soil samples, we determined the OC stocks, carbon of humic substances (fulvic acid fractions, humic acid fractions, and humin fractions), and the light and heavy SOM fractions. Growing irrigated mango resulted in higher OC stocks; higher C stocks in the fulvic acid, humic acid, and humin fractions; and higher C stocks in the heavy and light SOM fraction in comparison to nativecaatinga, especially in the uppermost soil layer.

scholarly journals On the determination of soil pH

1965 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
Ritva Ryti
Keyword(s):  
Soil Ph ◽  
Salt Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Liquid Ratio ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Water Suspensions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Soil Groups

In the present paper the routine determination of soil pH in the laboratory was studied using a material of 15 soil samples of various kind and in addition, two larger soil groups, consisting of 80 and 406 samples respectively. In comparing the pH values determined in water and in 0.01 M CaCl2 suspensions, the latter proved to be almost independent of the soil/liquid ratio between 1: 2.5 and 1: 10, that markedly affected the pHH2O values. The change with time from the pH values measured after the first hour showed less variation in CaCl2 suspensions than in water suspensions; the constancy observed in pHCaCl2 values indicating that a relatively short equilibration period of 1—2 hours would be sufficient. To sum up these results, the use of 0.01 M CaCl2 would mean easy and accurate measurements well suited to mass pH determinations. A linear relationship and a highly significant positive correlation was found between pHH2O and pHCaCl2 values in a material of 406 soil samples. The difference between the two values, which largely depends on the soils’ own salt content, ranged from 0 to 1.1 pH units, with the mean difference of 0.49. Therefore, the suggested use of a constant correction factor to bring the pHCaCl2 values to the level of the pH measured in water, is not recommendable. The main advantage of using 0.01 M CaCl2 would be the concealing of differences in salt content of a soil. The use of pHCaCl2 values would also offer new ways for getting more information about a soil’s exchange capacities, as it provides the center point for TERÄSVUORI’s (13) soil curve.

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