scholarly journals Pakistan, Growth, Dependency, and Crisis

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 71-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew McCartney
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Asset Markets ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Domestic Economy ◽  
Gross Domestic Product Growth ◽  
Financial Flows

Compared to the historical and even contemporary experience of India, Pakistan has long been regarded as a “dependent” economy. Gross domestic product growth in Pakistan is typically argued to be contingent on external factors: trade, financial flows, and the interdependence of asset markets. Beyond the rhetoric, there is only ambiguous and contradictory empirical evidence to support this view. This paper offers a new methodology, that of case studies of growth and stagnation, to test the hypothesis of dependency. The results show that growth in Pakistan is influenced by external factors, but that growth is driven primarily by the dynamics of the domestic economy.

FINANCIAL TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ENTERPRISES AND THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (10) ◽  
pp. 91-106
Author(s):  
Evgeny V. Sokolov ◽  
◽  
Evgeny V. Kostyrin ◽  
Svetlana V. Lasunova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Pension Fund ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
The State ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Gross Domestic Product Growth ◽  
Development Fund ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Competitive Products

The proposed technology of financing enterprises and the Russian economy, harmoniously combining the interests of working citizens, owners and the state, makes it possible, at quite achievable rates of gross domestic product growth (enterprise revenue) by 3.5% per year, to ensure a 46.6% increase in wages of working citizens over 5 years, which will practically end poverty. To increase contributions to the development fund for 5 years by 25%, which the owners of enterprises and the entire workforce are interested in, since this ensures the growth of their incomes and the possibility of constant modernization and updating of technological equipment and the release of new competitive products. Increase in 5 years (despite a gradual decrease to 14.51% of contributions to the Pension Fund RF) the amount of funds received by budgets of all levels by 22%, which will allow the state to solve many social problems.

scholarly journals Economic Crisis in Europe: Panel Analysis of Inflation, Unemployment and Gross Domestic Product Growth Rates

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi Rouksar-Dussoyea ◽  
Ho Ming-Kang ◽  
Raja Rajeswari ◽  
Benjamin Chan Yin-Fah
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Causality Test ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Gross Domestic Product Growth ◽  
European Crisis ◽  
The Relationship

This panel analysis study is conducted to examine the relationship between inflation rates (CPI) and unemployment rates (HUR) with the Gross Domestic Product growth rates (GDP), before and after the 2008 European crisis. Quarterly data for 18 consecutive years and six sample countries from Europe (Austria, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary and United Kingdom) have been considered in the panel. In order to get a more profound understanding of the impacts of the European crisis on the relationship between the variables, the panel data set has been classified into 3 separate panels, such that Panel 1 (1999Q1-2007Q4) represents before-crisis panel, Panel 2 (2008Q1-2016Q4) represents the during/after crisis panel and lastly, Panel 3 (1999Q1-2016Q4) represents the long-run panel. Panel 1 is subject to the Fixed Effects with LSDV model, whereby four out of the six countries are significant, and CPI and HUR are insignificant predictors of the GDP. Both Panel 2 and Panel 3 are subject to the Two-way Random Effects model, whereby both CPI and HUR have negative significant effect on GDP. Granger Causality test has also been carried out to determine whether causality is present among variables, based on each panel.

scholarly journals Estimating the Impact of Taxes on the Economic Growth in the United States

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 481-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branimir Kalaš ◽  
Vera Mirović ◽  
Jelena Andrašić
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Personal Income ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Tax Revenue ◽  
Personal Income Tax ◽  
Gross Domestic Product Growth ◽  
Social Security Contributions

AbstractIn a research paper, the authors provide an empirical approach to taxes and economic growth in the United States in the period 1996-2016. The basic goal is to explore how taxes affect economic growth. The subject of the research is measuring the effects of tax revenue growth and tax form as a personal income tax, corporate income tax and social security contributions on gross domestic product as a proxy for economic growth. Methodology framework includes several tests to clear the potential problem of heteroscedasticity, autocorrelation, multicollinearity and specification of the model. Based on diagnostic tests, a regression model is adequately created where fundamental econometric procedures are applied. Correlation matrix reflects a strong and positive relationship between tax revenue growth and corporate income tax on the one side and gross domestic product growth, on the another side. Also, personal income tax and social security contributions are weakly related to gross domestic product growth. The model shows a significant effect of tax revenue growth and social security contributions, while personal income tax and corporate income tax do not have a significant impact on gross domestic product growth. Interestingly, personal income tax as the main tax form in the tax structure of the United States has no significant impact on economic growth compared to social security contributions which percentage share is lesser.

scholarly journals Potensi dan Prospek Industri Kecil

The Winners ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 164
Author(s):  
Dedi Walujadi
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Main Contributor ◽  
Economic Contribution

The manufacturing sector has retained its importance in the Indonesian Economy. Since 1990 it has surpassed the agricultural sector as the main contributor to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Article analyses strenght and weaknesses of the small-scale manufacturing industries (SSIs). By ussing the economic contribution approach and the framework proposed by Pyke, based on 2003 data provided by BPS statistics Indonesiathe study investigates the SSIs performance in relation to their economic contribution, the collective efficiency, constant innovation and economic ofscope strategy. It is conluded that Pyke’s framework was not apply since SSIs facing lack of social infrastructures and knowledge, and mostly less educated compared with the larger one. The empirical evidence also shows that in terms of value added and labor absorption, its share less than 1 % and 16 % respectively of the whole of industrialsectors. 

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