Dental Utilization Among Patients Living with HIV: Research Brief

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avery Brow ◽  
◽  
Eric Tranby ◽  
Ilya Okunev ◽  
Sean Boynes
Keyword(s):  
Dental Utilization ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
Living With Hiv

Adolescent Trials Network for HIV-AIDS Scale It Up Program: Protocol for a Rational and Overview (Preprint)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvie Naar ◽  
Jeffrey T Parsons ◽  
Bonita F Stanton
Keyword(s):  
Implementation Science ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Management Interventions ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Youth Living With Hiv ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

BACKGROUND The past 30 years have witnessed such significant progress in the prevention and treatment of HIV/AIDS that an AIDS-free generation and the end to the global AIDS epidemic are ambitious, but achievable, national and global goals. Despite growing optimism, globally, youth living with HIV are markedly less likely to receive antiretroviral therapy than adults (23% vs 38%). Furthermore, marked health disparities exist regarding HIV infection risk, with young men of color who have sex with men disproportionately affected. A large body of research has identified highly impactful facilitators of and barriers to behavior change. Several efficacious interventions have been created that decrease the rate of new HIV infections among youth and reduce morbidity among youth living with HIV. However, full benefits that should be possible based on the tools and interventions currently available are yet to be realized in youth, in large part, because efficacious interventions have not been implemented in real-world settings. Scale It Up (SIU) primarily aims to assemble research teams that will ultimately bring to practice evidence-based interventions that positively impact the youth HIV prevention and care cascades, and in turn, advance the fields of implementation science and self-management science. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to describe the structure of the U19-SIU and the effectiveness-implementation hybrid trials, as well as other center-wide protocols and initiatives, implemented within SIU. METHODS SIU will achieve its aims through 4 individual primary protocols, 2 center-wide protocols, and 3 cross-project initiatives. RESULTS SIU was funded by National Institute for Child Health and Human Development (U19HD089875) and began in October 2016. As of November 2018, 6 SIU protocols have launched at least the first phase of work (ATN 144 SMART: Sequential Multiple Assignment Randomized Trial; ATN 145 YMHP: Young Men’s Health Project; ATN 146 TMI: Tailored Motivational Interviewing Intervention; ATN 153 EPIS: Exploration, Preparation, Implementation, Sustainment model; ATN 154 CM: Cascade Monitoring; ATN 156 We Test: Couples' Communication and HIV Testing). Further details can be found in the individual protocol papers. CONCLUSIONS To date, the youth HIV research portfolio has not adequately advanced the important care area of self-management. SIU protocols and initiatives address this broad issue by focusing on evaluating the effectiveness and implementation of self-management interventions. SIU is highly innovative for 5 primary reasons: (1) our research framework expands the application of “self-management”; (2) the 4 primary protocols utilize innovative hybrid designs; (3) our Analytic Core will conduct cost-effectiveness analyses of each intervention; (4) across all 4 primary protocols, our Implementation Science Core will apply implementation scales designed to assess inner and outer context factors; and (5) we shall advance understanding of the dynamics between provider and patient through analysis of recorded interactions. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPOR DERR1-10.2196/11204

scholarly journals Creation of Data Repositories to Advance Nursing Science

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Perazzo ◽  
Margaret Rodriguez ◽  
Jackson Currie ◽  
Robert Salata ◽  
Allison R. Webel
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Nursing Science ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
Systematic Planning ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
And Training

Data repositories are a strategy in line with precision medicine and big data initiatives, and are an efficient way to maximize data utility and form collaborative research relationships. Nurse researchers are uniquely positioned to make a valuable contribution using this strategy. The purpose of this article is to present a review of the benefits and challenges associated with developing data repositories, and to describe the process we used to develop and maintain a data repository in HIV research. Systematic planning, data collection, synthesis, and data sharing have enabled us to conduct robust cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses with more than 200 people living with HIV. Our repository building has also led to collaboration and training, both in and out of our organization. We present a pragmatic and affordable way that nurse scientists can build and maintain a data repository, helping us continue to make to our understanding of health phenomena.

scholarly journals “It’s Not Just Us . . . We Ain’t Doin’ It Alone”: Development of the Solution-Focused Wellness for HIV Intervention for Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-82
Author(s):  
Helen Taylor Yates ◽  
Y. Joon Choi ◽  
James D. Beauchemin
Keyword(s):  
Brief Therapy ◽  
Hiv Care ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Client Feedback ◽  
Hiv Intervention ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Solution Focused Brief Therapy ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Solution Focused

To address health disparities in HIV care for women, we developed Solution-Focused Wellness for HIV (SFWH), an evidence-based intervention that capitalizes on strengths to improve overall wellness. SFWH utilizes solution-focused brief therapy, a salutogenic wellness approach and HIV research with women. We created an intervention manual and recruited ( N = 6) women living with HIV to provide expert client feedback through focus groups. The findings included themes of relationships with children and other family members, physical accommodations, antiretroviral therapy information, and improving the accessibility of the intervention. The SFWH intervention for women was feasible to deliver and positively received by the participants. We adapted the SFWH manual to incorporate our findings, and a quantitative study is planned to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention.

Bartlett's Medical Management of HIV Infection

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John G. Bartlett ◽  
Robert R. Redfield ◽  
Paul A. Pham
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Physician Assistants ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
Reference Format ◽  
Living With Hiv

With more than 30 million people living with HIV, nearly 2 million new HIV infections, and 1 million deaths in 2017 globally, the HIV epidemic continues to exert a considerable deleterious impact on the health of individuals, communities, and the economic growth of nations. However, remarkable advances have also been achieved: improvements in our scientific understanding of the biology of HIV, how it causes disease, and its prevention and treatment, coupled with unprecedented multi-sectoral global efforts, have resulted in rendering HIV infection essentially a manageable chronic disease. The 17th edition of Bartlett’s Medical Management of HIV Infection offers the best-available clinical guidance for treatment of patients with HIV, all in a portable, quick-reference format. Edited by preeminent and pioneering authorities in HIV research and clinical care, it has earned its status as the definitive work for physicians, physician assistants, nurse practitioners, pharmacists, and anyone working in the care of persons with HIV.

Medical Assistance in Death as a Unique Opportunity to Advance Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cure Research

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 1063-1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teslin S Sandstrom ◽  
Stephanie C Burke Schinkel ◽  
Jonathan B Angel
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Tissue Donation ◽  
Viral Reservoir ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Cure Research

AbstractThe inability to sample deep-tissue reservoirs in individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has greatly hindered accurate estimates of viral reservoir size and distribution. Animal models and collection of tissues during autopsies of HIV-positive individuals are 2 proposed solutions to this problem. Each, however, has its limitations. In this Viewpoint, we argue that tissue donation following medical assistance in death (MAiD) will form an invaluable resource for the characterization of the viral reservoir in the context of current HIV cure research. In support, we discuss a recent instance in which an individual living with HIV chose to donate their body/tissues to HIV research prior to undergoing MAiD at our institution. Going forward, we hope this will help provide support to individuals in their decisions around tissue donation following MAiD, while highlighting how healthcare providers, by complying with such wishes, can affect patient satisfaction in the last days of life.

scholarly journals Effects of an exercise programme with people living with HIV: research in a disadvantaged setting

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clemens Ley ◽  
Lloyd Leach ◽  
María Rato Barrio ◽  
Susan Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Programme ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
Living With Hiv

Participants’ safety versus confidentiality: A case study of HIV research

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 376-380
Author(s):  
Juan Manuel Leyva-Moral ◽  
Maria Feijoo-Cid
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Informed Consent Form ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Threatening Situation ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Commit Suicide ◽  
Life Threatening Event

Background When conducting qualitative research, participants usually share lots of personal and private information with the researcher. As researchers, we must preserve participants’ identity and confidentiality of the data. Objective To critically analyze an ethical conflict encountered regarding confidentiality when doing qualitative research. Research design Case study. Findings and discussion one of the participants in a study aiming to explain the meaning of living with HIV verbalized his imminent intention to commit suicide because of stigma of other social problems arising from living with HIV. Given the life-threatening situation, the commitment related to not disclosing the participant’s identity and/or the content of the interview had to be broken. To avoid or prevent suicide, the therapist in charge of the case was properly informed about the participant’s intentions. One important question arises from this case: was it ethically appropriate to break the confidentiality commitment? Conclusion confidentiality could be broken if a life-threatening event is identified during data collection and participants must know that. This has to be clearly stated in the informed consent form.

scholarly journals Dental Care Utilization Among Patients Living with HIV: Research Brief

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avery Brow ◽  
Eric Tranby ◽  
Ilya Okunev ◽  
Sean Boynes
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Dental Care Utilization ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
Living With Hiv

Evaluating the Impact of Incentives on Clinical Trial Participation: Protocol for a Mixed-Methods, Community-Engaged Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerome Timothy Galea ◽  
Karah Yeona Greene ◽  
Brandon Nguyen ◽  
Andrea N. Polonijo ◽  
Karine Dubé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Trial Participation ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Clinical Trial Participation ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Research Studies

BACKGROUND Monetary incentives in research are frequently used to support participant recruitment and retention. However, scant empirical data exist regarding how researchers decide upon the type and amount of incentives offered. Likewise, there is little guidance to assist study investigators and institutional review boards (IRBs) in their decision-making on incentives. Monetary incentives, in addition to other factors such as the risk of harm or other intangible benefits, guide individuals’ decisions to enroll in research studies. These factors emphasize the need for evidence-informed guidance for study investigators and IRBs when determining the type and amount of incentives to provide to research participants. OBJECTIVE The specific aims are to: Aim 1) characterize key stakeholders’ views on and assessment of incentives in biomedical HIV research; Aim 2) reach consensus among stakeholders on the factors considered when choosing research incentives, including their relative importance, and, Aim 3) pilot test the use of the guidance from Aims 1 and 2 by presenting stakeholders vignettes of hypothetical research studies for which they will choose corresponding incentive types. METHODS Our two-year study involves monthly, active engagement with a stakeholder advisory board (SAB) of people living with HIV, researchers, and IRB members. For Aim 1, we will conduct a nationwide survey (N=300) among people living with HIV to understand their views regarding incentives used in HIV research. In Aim 2, we will collect qualitative data using focus groups with people living with HIV (n=60) and key informant interviews with stakeholders involved in HIV research (people living with HIV, IRB members, biomedical HIV researchers; n=36), to extend and deepen our understanding of how incentives in HIV research are perceived. These participants will also complete a conjoint analysis experiment to understand the relative importance that key attributes of HIV research studies have on study participation. Data from the nationwide survey (Aim 1) will be triangulated with the qualitative and conjoint analysis data (Aim 2) to create 25 “vignettes” that describe hypothetical HIV research studies. Finally, (Aim 3) individuals from each stakeholder group will select the most appropriate incentive they feel should be used in each of the 25 vignettes. RESULTS The SAB began monthly meetings in March 2021. All study aims are expected to be completed by December 2022. CONCLUSIONS By studying the role of incentives in HIV clinical trial participation, we will establish a decision-making paradigm to guide the choice of incentives for HIV –and eventually other types of similar research –to facilitate ethical recruitment of clinical research participants. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04809636; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04809636

scholarly journals Design, analysis, and reporting of pilot studies in HIV: a systematic review and methodological study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein Ali El-Khechen ◽  
Mohammed Inam Ullah Khan ◽  
Selvin Leenus ◽  
Oluwatobi Olaiya ◽  
Zoha Durrani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Methods ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Size Estimation ◽  
Methodological Study ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Hiv Research ◽  
Living With Hiv

Abstract Background Pilot studies are essential in determining if a larger study is feasible. This is especially true when targeting populations that experience stigma and may be difficult to include in research, such as people with HIV. We sought to describe how pilot studies have been used to inform HIV clinical trials. Methods We conducted a methodological study of pilot studies of interventions in people living with HIV published until November 25, 2020, using Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials (CENTRAL). We extracted data on their nomenclature, primary objective, use of progression criteria, sample size, use of qualitative methods, and other contextual information (region, income, level, type of intervention, study design). Results Our search retrieved 10,597 studies, of which 248 were eligible. The number of pilot studies increased steadily over time. We found that 179 studies (72.2%) used the terms “pilot” or “feasibility” in their title, 65.3% tested feasibility as a primary objective, only 2% used progression criteria, 23.9% provided a sample size estimation and only 30.2% used qualitative methods. Conclusions Pilot studies are increasingly being used to inform HIV research. However, the titles and objectives are not always consistent with piloting. The design and reporting of pilot studies in HIV could be improved.

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