scholarly journals Peran Akar Kayu Bayur (Pterospermum sp.) terhadap Fermentasi Nira Aren (Arenga pinnata)

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Siti Nurlina Mentari ◽  
Muhammad Jasri Djangi ◽  
Sudding Sudding
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Alcohol Content

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran akar kayu bayur terhadap fermentasi nira aren dengan parameter pengukuran yaitu derajat keasaman (pH) dan kadar alkohol. Peran akar kayu bayur (Pterospermum sp.) dapat dilihat dari nilai pH dan kadar alkohol hasil fermentasi nira aren tanpa penambahan akar kayu bayur dengan nira aren menggunakan akar kayu bayur selama proses fermentasi 72 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akar kayu bayur yang ditambahkan pada nira aren berfungsi sebagai pengawet tuak sehingga menyebabkan kadar alkohol hasil fermentasi nira aren bertahan lebih lama pada konsentrasi 4% selama 64 jam serta memperlambat fermentasi alkohol menjadi asam asetat.Kata kunci : Nira aren (Arenga pinnta), Akar kayu bayur (Pterospermum sp), FermentasiABSTRACTThis research aimed to determine the role of wood root bayur toward the fermentation of sugarpalm nira with measuring parameters, i.e, the degree of acidity (pH) and alcohol content. Role of wood root bayur (Pterospermum sp.) was observed from the pH value and the alcohol content of fermented sugarpalm nira without the addition of wood root bayur compared to the fermented sugarpalm nira using wood root bayur during the 72 hours of fermentation. The results showed that the wood root bayur added to the sugarpalm nira served as nira preservatives, causing the alcohol content of fermented sugarpalm nira last longer at the concentration of 4% for 64 hours and retarding the fermentation of alcohol into acetic acid.Key words: Sugarpalm nira (Arenga pinnata), Wood root bayur (Pterospermum sp.), Fermentation

Peran Akar Kayu Bayur (Pterospermum sp.) Terhadap Fermentasi Nira Aren (Arenga pinnata)

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Siti Nurlina Mentari ◽  
Muhammad Jasri Djangi ◽  
Sudding Sudding
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Alcohol Content

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran akar kayu bayur terhadap fermentasi nira aren dengan parameter pengukuran yaitu derajat keasaman (pH) dan kadar alkohol. Peran akar kayu bayur (Pterospermum sp.) dapat dilihat dari nilai pH dan kadar alkohol hasil fermentasi nira aren tanpa penambahan akar kayu bayur dengan nira aren menggunakan akar kayu bayur selama proses fermentasi 72 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa akar kayu bayur yang ditambahkan pada nira aren berfungsi sebagai pengawet tuak sehingga menyebabkan kadar alkohol hasil fermentasi nira aren bertahan lebih lama pada konsentrasi 4% selama 64 jam serta memperlambat fermentasi alkohol menjadi asam asetat. Kata kunci: Nira aren (Arenga pinnta), Akar kayu bayur (Pterospermum sp), Fermentasi ABSTRACT This research aimed to determine the role of wood root bayur toward the fermentation of sugarpalm nira with measuring parameters, i.e, the degree of acidity (pH) and alcohol content. Role of wood root bayur (Pterospermum sp.) was observed from the pH value and the alcohol content of fermented sugarpalm nira without the addition of wood root bayur compared to the fermented sugarpalm nira using wood root bayur during the 72 hours of fermentation. The results showed that the wood root bayur added to the sugarpalm nira served as nira preservatives, causing the alcohol content of fermented sugarpalm nira last longer at the concentration of 4% for 64 hours and retarding the fermentation of alcohol into acetic acid. Keywords: Sugarpalm nira (Arenga pinnata), wood root bayur (Pterospermum sp.), fermentation

scholarly journals Pemanfaatan Limbah Padat Sari Apel sebagai Bahan Baku Cuka Apel Menggunakan Metode Backslop

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 136
Author(s):  
Alvianty Novitasari ◽  
Warkoyo Warkoyo ◽  
Sri Winarsih
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Acetobacter Aceti ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Apple Cider ◽  
Factor I

Solid wasted of apple cider containing a lot of compounds such as carbohydrates, glucose, malic acid, and flavonoids. The purpose of this research is to utilize the solid wasted of apple cider as the raw material of apple vinegar. The fermentation process of making apple vinegar in this research using the backstop method. This research consists of 2 steps of the fermentation process. The first step of fermentation using yeast to transform sugar into alcohol. Second step fermentation is a continuance of first step fermentation with the addition of apple vinegar backstop culture which contain Acetobacter aceti with density 4 x 107cfu / ml to transform alcohol to acetic acid. This research uses simple and factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD). Fermentation phase I using simple RBD with the proportion of apple raw material (solid wasted of apple cider: apple) 100% : 0%; 75%: 25%; 50%: 50%; 25%: 75% as factor I. Fermentation phase II using factorial RBD with the combination of factor I and the addition of apple vinegar backstop with concentration 5%, 10%, and 15% as factor II. The results showed that during the first step fermentation process the raw material proportion of apple (solid wasted of apple cider: apple) affected total soluble solids, pH value, and alcohol content. Fermentation phase II showed an interaction between the proportion of the raw material of apple (apple cider waste: apple) and the addition of backstop apple vinegar concentration to total dissolved solids, alcohol content, acetic acid, except pH value. The best results showed treatment with apple material proportion (25% solid wasted of apple cider: 75% apple) and addition of apple vinegar backstop concentration 15 % produce 4.6 g / 100ml acetic acid, 4% soluble solids total, pH value of 3.4 and alcohol residue of 0% (v/v), with colorful organoleptic results quite appealing, the scent is sufficient, and preferences are favored by the panelists.

The development of aPanax notoginsengmedicinal liquor processing technology using the response surface method and a study of its antioxidant activity and its effects on mouse melanoma B16 cells

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 4251-4264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liao Peiran ◽  
Liu Ying ◽  
Zhao Mingzhuo ◽  
Yang Ye ◽  
Cui Xiuming
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Response Surface Method ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
Panax Notoginseng ◽  
Optimum Process ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Soaking Time ◽  
Surface Method

The optimum process forPanax notoginsengmedicinal liquor was as following: ratio of solution to solid 32 : 1, alcohol content 53% and soaking time 35 d.Panax notoginsengmedicinal liquor could play the role of functional food in anti-oxidation and anti-melanin deposition.

scholarly journals pH Value, Total Microbes, Alcohol Content and Overall Hedonic Characteristic of Ginger Ale

2020 ◽  
Vol 518 ◽  
pp. 012065
Author(s):  
Bambang Dwiloka ◽  
Yoyok Budi Pramono ◽  
Anqi Zaliani ◽  
Bhakti Etza Setiani ◽  
Anggun Dwi Puspitoasih
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Alcohol Content

AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE HYDROGEN PEROXIDE REACTION WITH IODIDE IN ACID CONDITION

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Ayuni Dita Rosalia ◽  
Patiha Patiha ◽  
Eddy Heraldy
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Reaction Order ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Order Reaction ◽  
Isolation Method ◽  
Acid Condition ◽  
Rate Law ◽  
Mechanism Of Reaction ◽  
Oxygen Gas

<p>This research aimed to find out I<sup>-</sup> reaction order in the mechanism of  hydrogen peroxide reaction with iodide in acid condition, to find out the form of rate law, and to show the role of H<sup>+</sup> in reaction. The experiment for determining reaction order was carried out with isolation method using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. The order reaction was obtained from the <em>r</em> value approaching one, the results of its linear regression. The form of rate law was viewed from the presence or absence of oxygen gas. Meanwhile the role of H<sup>+</sup> in reaction was determined by observing the pH value in 60 minutes.</p><p>The result of experiment shows that the mechanism of reaction has rate law in the form of fraction, in which I<sup>-</sup> could be in zero and first orders. In addition, the rate law in this experimental condition is not an addition in the absence of O<sub>2</sub> and relatively equal <em>k</em><sub>obs</sub> value in the same order. The role of H<sup>+ </sup>is observed not as catalyst, but reactant.</p>

scholarly journals Silicon Mechanisms to Ameliorate Heavy Metal Stress in Plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolghassem Emamverdian ◽  
Yulong Ding ◽  
Yinfeng Xie ◽  
Sirous Sangari
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Metal Uptake ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Heavy Metal Uptake ◽  
Stimulation Of

The increased contaminants caused by anthropogenic activities in the environment and the importance of finding pathways to reduce pollution caused the silicon application to be considered an important detoxification agent. Silicon, as a beneficial element, plays an important role in amelioration of abiotic stress, such as an extreme dose of heavy metal in plants. There are several mechanisms involved in silicon mediation in plants, including the reduction of heavy metal uptake by plants, changing pH value, formation of Si heavy metals, and stimulation of enzyme activity, which can work by chemical and physical pathways. The aim of this paper is to investigate the major silicon-related mechanisms that reduce the toxicity of heavy metals in plants and then to assess the role of silicon in increasing the antioxidant enzyme and nonenzyme activities to protect the plant cell.

scholarly journals O papel da litologia nos atributos fisicos, químicos e mineralógicos dos Solos Perférricos do Brasil / The role of lithology in the physical, chemical and mineralogical attributes of Brazilian Perferric Soils

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (57) ◽  
pp. 510-525
Author(s):  
Henrique Amorim Machado ◽  
Cristiane Valéria Oliveira ◽  
Fabio Soares Oliveira ◽  
Guilherme Resende Corrêa
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Silt Loam ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Soil Geomorphology ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Number Of Particles

No Brasil, a ocorrência de solos que possuem teores de Fe2O3 acima de 360 g kg-1, enquadrados como perférricos no Sistema Brasileiro de Classificação de Solos, ainda é pouco conhecida, restringindo os perfis coletados e classificados a dez diferentes materiais de origem. Para este trabalho foram selecionados 33 perfis de solos perférricos descritos em levantamentos da EMBRAPA, teses, dissertações e artigos publicados em periódicos. De modo geral, estes solos possuem grande quantidade de partículas agrupadas nas frações finas, com mais de 50% dos perfis enquadrados como argilosos ou franco-siltosos. Estes solos são ácidos, com valor médio de pH em H2O de 5,37, com uma média de balanço de cargas próximo à zero e com uma CTC altamente dependente da matéria orgânica. A distrofia é uma característica comum, sendo o resultado tanto de um intenso intemperismo ou mesmo de solos que se originam de rochas já muito pobres em bases solúveis. Em relação à química da argila obtida pelo ataque sulfúrico, os solos são pobres em sílica e moderadamente pobres em alumínio. Os solos perférricos, independente do seu material de origem, tendem a uma homogeneização física e química de seus atributos. O controle litológico se expressa principalmente nos solos desenvolvidos de itabiritos, jaspilitos e couraças ferruginosas. Nestas rochas, ainda que a pedogênese seja incipiente, os solos já são perférricos. Nos demais litotipos, como basalto, gabro e tufitos, o caráter perférrico está associado à atuação do intemperismo ao longo do tempo, onde ocorre a lixiviação das bases e sílica e enriquecimento relativo em ferro.Palavras–chave: gênese de solos, classificação de solos, pedogeomorfologia.   AbstractIn Brazil, the occurrence of soils with Fe2O3 levels above 360 g kg-1, classified as perferric in the Brazilian Soil Classification System, is still little known, restricting the profiles collected and classified to ten different parent materials. For this study, 33 profiles of the perferric soils described in EMBRAPA surveys, theses, dissertations and articles published in reviews were selected. In general, these soils have a large number of particles grouped in the fine fractions, with more than 50% of the profiles framed as clay or silt-loam. These soils are acidic, with an average pH value in H2O of 5.37, with an average balance of loads near zero and with a CEC (Cation Exchange Capacity) highly dependent on organic matter. The dystrophy is a common characteristic, being the result of either an intense weathering or even of soils that originate from already poor rocks in soluble bases.Regarding the chemistry of the clay obtained by the sulfuric attack, the soils are deficient in silica and moderately poor in aluminium. Perferric soils, independent of their parent material, tend to physical and chemical homogenization of their attributes. The lithological control is expressed mainly in developed soils of itabirite, jaspilites and ferruginous duricrusts. In these rocks, although the pedogenesis is incipient, the soils are already perferric. In the other lithotypes, such as basalt, gabbro and tuffs, the perferric character is associated with the weathering action over time, where leaching of the bases and silica and relative enrichment in iron occurs.Keywords: soil genesis, soil classification, soil-geomorphology.

scholarly journals Utilization of Eco-Enzymes from Fruit Skin Waste as Hand Sanitizer

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusdianasari Rusdianasari ◽  
Adi Syakdani ◽  
Muhammad Zaman ◽  
Muhammad Zaman ◽  
Febby Fitria Sari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Alcohol Content ◽  
Brown Sugar ◽  
Fermentation Time ◽  
Hand Sanitizer ◽  
Fruit Skin

Eco-enzyme is a multifunctional liquid produced from fermentation of waste or organic waste, brown sugar or granulated sugar, and water. Fermentation of  eco-enzymes  is carried out for ±3 months. The length of time fermentation affects color, aroma and pH. The  resultingeco-enzyme liquid is dark brown and has a strong fresh sour aroma.  Eco-enzymeliquid has an alcohol content and acetic acid. Alcohol and acetic acid are produced from the bacterial metabolic process that is naturally present in the rest of fruits and vegetables. Variations in the fermentation time of eco-enzymes  used are 2.5 months and 3 months. Analysis conducted on  eco-enzymes  include pH tests and phytochemical screening  tests. The pH value obtained in  eco-eznyme  2.5 months is 3, while the pH value in  eco-eznyme  3 months is 1.5. Eco-enzymes  with a fermentation time of 3 months contain alkaloid compounds, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. In this study  Eco-eznyme  was used as a hand sanitizer  spray by diluting the eco-enzyme with aquadest. The dilution ratios used vary for each sample: 1:40, 2:40, 3:40, 4:40, 5:40. Analysis conducted on  hand sanitizer spray include pH test, organoleptic test, and antibacterial activity test. Based on the results of the analysis, not all hand sanitizer samples meet SNI standards, the best samples obtained in hand sanitizer with an eco-enzyme fermentation time of 3 months and a dilution ratio of 5: 40. The results of the analysis showed that the value of pH 5, the level of aroma fondness in hand sanitizer 2.40, the favorite color level 2.46

scholarly journals Towards Understanding the Involvement of H+-ATPase in Programmed Cell Death of Psammosilene tunicoides after Oxalic Acid Application

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 6957
Author(s):  
Xinyu Jiang ◽  
Mohammad Aqa Mohammadi ◽  
Yuan Qin ◽  
Zongshen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Programmed Cell Death ◽  
Oxalic Acid ◽  
Atpase Activity ◽  
Intracellular Ph ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Intracellular Acidification ◽  
Cell Death Rate

Psammosilene tunicoides is a unique perennial medicinal plant species native to the Southwestern regions of China. Its wild population is rare and endangered due to over-excessive collection and extended growth (4–5 years). This research shows that H+-ATPase activity was a key factor for oxalate-inducing programmed cell death (PCD) of P. tunicoides suspension cells. Oxalic acid (OA) is an effective abiotic elicitor that enhances a plant cell’s resistance to environmental stress. However, the role of OA in this process remains to be mechanistically unveiled. The present study evaluated the role of OA-induced cell death using an inverted fluorescence microscope after staining with Evans blue, FDA, PI, and Rd123. OA-stimulated changes in K+ and Ca2+ trans-membrane flows using a patch-clamp method, together with OA modulation of H+-ATPase activity, were further examined. OA treatment increased cell death rate in a dosage-and duration-dependent manner. OA significantly decreased the mitochondria activity and damaged its electron transport chain. The OA treatment also decreased intracellular pH, while the FC increased the pH value. Simultaneously, NH4Cl caused intracellular acidification. The OA treatment independently resulted in 90% and the FC led to 25% cell death rates. Consistently, the combined treatments caused a 31% cell death rate. Furthermore, treatment with EGTA caused a similar change in intracellular pH value to the La3+ and OA application. Combined results suggest that OA-caused cell death could be attributed to intracellular acidification and the involvement of OA in the influx of extracellular Ca2+, thereby leading to membrane depolarization. Here we explore the resistance mechanism of P. tunicoides cells against various stresses endowed by OA treatment.

scholarly journals Role of Charge Regulation and Fluctuations in the Conformational and Mechanical Properties of Weak Flexible Polyelectrolytes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo M. Blanco ◽  
Sergio Madurga ◽  
Claudio F. Narambuena ◽  
Francesc Mas ◽  
Josep L. Garcés
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Electrostatic Interactions ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Persistence Length ◽  
Excluded Volume ◽  
Average Charge ◽  
Zero Force ◽  
Charge Regulation ◽  
Ph Values

This work addresses the role of charge regulation (CR) and the associated fluctuations in the conformational and mechanical properties of weak polyelectrolytes. Due to CR, changes in the pH-value modifies the average macromolecular charge and conformational equilibria. A second effect is that, for a given average charge per site, fluctuations can alter the intensity of the interactions by means of correlation between binding sites. We investigate both effects by means of Monte Carlo simulations at constant pH-value, so that the charge is a fluctuating quantity. Once the average charge per site is available, we turn off the fluctuations by assigning the same average charge to every site. A constant charge MC simulation is then performed. We make use of a model which accounts for the main fundamental aspects of a linear flexible polyelectrolyte i.e. proton binding, angle internal rotation, bond stretching and bending. Steric excluded volume and differentiated treatment for short-range and long-range interactions are also included in the model. It can be regarded as a kind of "minimal'' model in the sense that contains a minimum number of parameters but still preserving the atomistic detail. It is shown that, if fluctuations are activated, gauche state bond probabilities increase, and the persistence length decreases, so that the polymer becomes more folded. Macromolecular stretching is also analyzed in presence of CR (the charge depends on the applied force) and without CR (the charge is fixed to the value at zero force). The analysis of the low force scaling behavior concludes that Pincus exponent becomes pH-dependent. Both with and without CR, a transition from 1/2 at high pH-values (phantom chain) to 3/5 to low pH-values (Pincus regime), is observed. Finally, the intermediate force stretching regime is investigated. It is found that CR induces a moderate influence in the force-extension curves and persistence length (which in this force regime becomes force-dependent). It is thus concluded that the effect of CR on the stretching curves is mainly due to changes in the average charge at zero force. It is also found that, for the cases studied, the effect of steric excluded volume is almost irrelevant compared to electrostatic interactions.

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