scholarly journals PERCEIVED TASK CHARACTERISTICS AND ITS EFFECT ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AT PRIVATE COLLEGES IN SARAWAK

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Muhammad Madi Abdullah ◽  
Hui Lin Lau
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Private Colleges ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Task Identity ◽  
Task Variety ◽  
Task Characteristic ◽  
Task Significance ◽  
And Task

This study examines five perceived task characteristics variables (decision-making autonomy, task variety, task significance, task identity, feedback from job) and its effect on employee engagement at six private college employees in Sarawak. Despite extensive research on employee engagement, very little empirical research has examined this area of study specifically in the context of Sarawak private colleges. A survey questionnaire was employed to collect the data. A total of 284 responses were analysed using SPSS version 22.0. The results of this study revealed that only feedback from job, task identity and decision-making autonomy are significantly and positively associated with employee engagement. Task significance and task variety were not significantly related to employee engagement. Most importantly, decision-making autonomy was perceived as a dominant task characteristic for employee engagement; it was associated with significant improvements on private colleges’ employee engagement. This study contributes to a better understanding of the effect of perceived task characteristics on employee engagement among private colleges in Sarawak. The implications for practice and suggestions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals The Diminishing Effect of Transformational Leadership on the Relationship Between Task Characteristics, Perceived Meaningfulness, and Work Engagement

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanxing Meng ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Wenying Xu ◽  
Junhui Ye ◽  
Lin Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Work Engagement ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Mobile App ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Task Autonomy ◽  
Employee Work Engagement ◽  
Task Significance

The topic of employee work engagement in the public sector has attracted broad attention because it is critical to the efficiency and effectiveness of public services. Based on the Job Characteristics Model (JCM) and the Integrative Theory of Employee Engagement (ITEE), the present research adopts a multilevel design to examine a moderated mediation model in which task characteristics (i.e., task autonomy and task significance as level-1 predictors) and social context (i.e., transformational leadership as a level-2 moderator) jointly impact employee work engagement via individual perception of meaningfulness in work. A total of 349 grassroots police officers from 35 police substations were invited to anonymously complete a survey via mobile app. After performing the cross-sectional analysis, the results indicated that in contrast to task significance, the conditional effect of task autonomy on work engagement via perceived meaningfulness was more positive at a lower level of transformational leadership. Implications, limitations, and future research directions are discussed.

Engaging Academic Staff in Transnational Teaching: The Job Satisfaction Challenge

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 333-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Toohey ◽  
Tanya McGill ◽  
Craig Whitsed
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
International Education ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Job Characteristics Model ◽  
Task Identity ◽  
Determinants Of Satisfaction ◽  
And Control ◽  
Task Significance ◽  
And Task

Transnational education (TNE) is an important facet of the international education learning and teaching landscape. Ensuring academics are positively engaged in TNE is a challenging but necessary issue for this form of educational provision if the risks inherent in TNE are to be successfully mitigated. This article explores job satisfaction for academics using the job characteristics model (JCM) to better understand the conditions that influence their involvement with TNE. The results highlight the important role that teaching-related interaction with host-country students and staff (the Feedback and Task Significance JCM dimensions) plays in academics’ satisfaction. Feelings of ownership and control of the TNE course (Autonomy and Task Identity) were also shown to be important determinants of satisfaction. It is therefore recommended that these aspects of TNE be encouraged and supported through university procedures and policies. Similarly, those aspects of TNE teaching that contribute to dissatisfaction, such as additional administration, need to be better understood, managed, and their impact mitigated where possible.

scholarly journals A Comparability Study of Text Difficulty and Task Characteristics of Parallel Academic IELTS Reading Tests

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Linyu Liao
Keyword(s):  
Test Scores ◽  
Standardized Test ◽  
Test Development ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Response Format ◽  
Text Difficulty ◽  
Reading Tests ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
And Task

As a high-stakes standardized test, IELTS is expected to have comparable forms of test papers so that test takers from different test administration on different dates receive comparable test scores. Therefore, this study examined the text difficulty and task characteristics of four parallel academic IELTS reading tests to reveal to what extent the four tests were comparable in terms of text difficulty, construct coverage, response format, item scope, and task scope. The Coh-Metrix-TEA software was used for the text difficulty analyses and expert judgments were used for task characteristics analyses. The results show that the four reading tests were partly comparable in text difficulty, comparable in terms of construct coverage and item scope, but not comparable in terms of response format and task scope. Based on the findings, implications were discussed on test development and future research.

scholarly journals Aging and Decision-Making: A Conceptual Framework for Future Research - A Mini-Review

Gerontology ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corinna E. Löckenhoff
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Age Differences ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Process Models ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Life Decision

Age differences in decision-making are of theoretical interest and have important practical implications, but relevant lines of work are distributed across multiple disciplines and often lack integration. The present review proposes an overarching conceptual framework with the aim of connecting disjointed aspects of this field of research. The framework builds on process models of decision-making and specifies potential mechanisms behind age effects as well as relevant moderators including task characteristics and contextual factors. After summarizing the extant literature for each aspect of the framework, compensatory mechanisms and ecological fit between different components of the model are considered. Implications for real-life decision-making, remaining research gaps, and directions for future research are discussed.

A stressful task is when to turn off the music: Effect of music on task performance mediated by cognitive effort

2021 ◽  
pp. 030573562199602
Author(s):  
Ana Arboleda ◽  
Christian Arroyo ◽  
Brayan Rodriguez ◽  
Carlos Arce-Lopera
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Cognitive Effort ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Web Interface ◽  
Fast Tempo ◽  
Stressful Task ◽  
Slow Tempo ◽  
And Task

Studies on the effect of music on task performance are contradictory about this relationship’s direction and valence. Task characteristics may be accounting for these inconclusive findings. Thus, this study employs effort to mediate music’s effect on task performance (objective and perceived) under a stressful decision-making process. This is a between-group experiment with three conditions: slow-tempo music, fast-tempo music, or no music. We designed a computer web interface, where participants did a stressful task. Results demonstrated that participants made a strong effort under the conditions with music. Hence, turning the music off under stressful activities is favorable in terms of performance. The article contributes to understanding the interaction between music and task performance, expanding the discussion within a stressful task.

Moderating Role of Gender between Job Characteristics and Job Satisfaction

2017 ◽  
pp. 412-425
Author(s):  
Shruti Traymbak ◽  
Pranab Kumar ◽  
A.N. Jha
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Task Identity ◽  
Task Significance ◽  
Moderating Role ◽  
And Task

This study examines the moderating role of gender between job characteristics and job satisfaction among Indian software employees which has received less attention in the Indian context. Additionally, it also examines difference in the job characteristics that affect male and female employee's job satisfaction. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and chi-square difference in multi group moderation analysis, used to test the hypothesized relationships. Chi-square difference test showed invariant moderation effect of gender on the relationship between job characteristics and job satisfaction. It has been also found that five job characteristics (skill variety, task significance, task identity, autonomy and feedback) have a significant positive impact on job satisfaction among male employees, whereas in case of female, only two job characteristics task significance and task identity were significant predictors of job satisfaction. Interestingly, task significance and task identity were common significant positive predictors of job satisfaction for both male and female software employees.

Dynamic Biomechanical Model for Sagittal Lifting Activities

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Ayoub ◽  
M. M. El Bassoussi
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Kinetic Information ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Task Characteristic ◽  
The Military ◽  
Kinematic Information ◽  
And Task

Biomechanical analyses have been performed on many activities in the military, in sports, and in industry. Such analyses can provide Kinematic and Kinetic information. With emphasis on occupational safety and health, there has been a renewed interest in the biomechanical investigations of certain stressful tasks in industry such as those involving the handling of material. This paper presents the development and application of a “Dynamic Biomechanical Model for Sagittal Lifting Activities”. The model accepts operator characteristics data, operator postural data, and task characteristic data. From this, the model simulates the lifting action and calculates the reactive forces and torques at the various joints of the body. The model also provides data on the compressive and shear forces on the spine at L-4, L-5, and S-1. Results showing the stresses on the musculo-skeletal system will be presented for typical sagittal lifting activities snowing the differences between leg lift and back lift as well as the effects of weight lifted and size of the container on these stresses. Kinematic information will also be presented. Finally the usefulness and limitation of the models and future research requirements will be presented.

scholarly journals The Effect of the Congruence between Job Characteristics and Personality on Job Crafting

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mihee Kim ◽  
Seung Ik Baek ◽  
Yuhyung Shin
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Job Crafting ◽  
Task Identity ◽  
Team Project ◽  
High Level ◽  
Task Significance ◽  
And Task

This study examined the effect of the fit between personality (i.e., openness to experience) and core job characteristics (i.e., skill variety, task significance, and task identity) on job crafting. We collected survey data from 200 college students who were assigned a team project during the semester. Using polynomial regression analysis, we tested the effects of the fit between personality and job characteristics on job crafting. The results revealed that a high level of openness to experience was significantly associated with a high level of job crafting (i.e., task, relational, and cognitive crafting). Furthermore, when both openness to experience and job characteristics were congruent at a high level, the tendency to proactively perform one’s tasks was also high. These findings enhance our understanding of the effect of the fit between openness to experience and three core job characteristics on job crafting.

scholarly journals The relationship between task conflict, relationship conflict, team efficacy and task performance of Air Force Combat Flight Team

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 329-355
Author(s):  
Kyoungsu Lee ◽  
JungIn Lim ◽  
Jiyoung Park ◽  
YoungWoo Sohn
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Air Force ◽  
Task Conflict ◽  
Relationship Conflict ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Team Efficacy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Task

The purpose of the present study was to investigate integrally the relationships among task conflict, relationship conflict, team efficacy, and task performance of the Air Force Combat Flight Team. Also, the study illustrated whether participative decision-making moderated the relationship between task conflict and team efficacy, and the relationship between relationship conflict and team efficacy. Surveys and supervisor-rating performance data of 284 combat flight teams of two Air Force fighter pilots were collected for assessing the aforementioned relationships. Analyzing through structural equation modeling, the results indicated that task conflict was negatively related to team efficacy and task performance. Relationship conflict was negatively related to team efficacy whereas they were positively related with task performance. Moreover, team efficacy mediated the relationship between task conflict and task performance, and the relationship between relationship conflict and task performance. Furthermore, participative decision-making moderated the relationships of task conflict and relationship conflict with team efficacy such that these negative relationships were stronger when wingman pilot’s perception toward leader pilot’s participative decision-making was low. We discuss the implications of these results, study limitations, and practical suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Job involvement in Iranian Custom Affairs Organization: the Role of Organizational Justice and Job Characteristics

2012 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 40
Author(s):  
Freyedon Ahmadi
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Interactional Justice ◽  
Job Involvement ◽  
Job Characteristics ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Task Identity ◽  
Task Variety ◽  
Task Significance

Job Involvement (JI) is defined as employee’s psychological identification with current job. Some researchers argue that JI is explained only by intrinsic variables. In contrast, others use organizational variables as drivers of JI. The purpose of Current research is to explain JI using simultaneously two important but ignored organizational drivers, as organizational justice (OJ) and job characteristics (JC). OJ is conceptualized by three dimensions as distributive, procedural, and interactional justice. Also, JC model is divided, as Henchman and Oldham (1976) suggested, into five dimensions as task variety, task identity, task significance, job autonomy, and feedback. The question is: do OJ and JC dimensions can explain and predict variance of JI? By selecting systematically random 140 employees from Iranian custom affairs organization (ICAO), standard questionnaire is sent in order to fill it based on self-report. Structural equation modeling approach results show that distributive and procedural justices, task variety task identity, autonomy, and feedback have significantly positive impacts on JI, but interactional justice and task significance do not. Some practical and theoretical suggestions and recommendations are presented at the end of report. Key words: job involvement, organizational justice, job characteristics, ICAO.

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