Dynamic Biomechanical Model for Sagittal Lifting Activities

1976 ◽  
Vol 20 (16) ◽  
pp. 355-361 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Ayoub ◽  
M. M. El Bassoussi
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Kinetic Information ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Task Characteristic ◽  
The Military ◽  
Kinematic Information ◽  
And Task

Biomechanical analyses have been performed on many activities in the military, in sports, and in industry. Such analyses can provide Kinematic and Kinetic information. With emphasis on occupational safety and health, there has been a renewed interest in the biomechanical investigations of certain stressful tasks in industry such as those involving the handling of material. This paper presents the development and application of a “Dynamic Biomechanical Model for Sagittal Lifting Activities”. The model accepts operator characteristics data, operator postural data, and task characteristic data. From this, the model simulates the lifting action and calculates the reactive forces and torques at the various joints of the body. The model also provides data on the compressive and shear forces on the spine at L-4, L-5, and S-1. Results showing the stresses on the musculo-skeletal system will be presented for typical sagittal lifting activities snowing the differences between leg lift and back lift as well as the effects of weight lifted and size of the container on these stresses. Kinematic information will also be presented. Finally the usefulness and limitation of the models and future research requirements will be presented.

scholarly journals Musculoskeletal Disorders Related to the Professional Work of Academic Teachers and the Quality of their Work

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-54
Author(s):  
Marta Niciejewska ◽  
Serhii Kasian
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
The Body ◽  
Teaching Staff ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Work Effectiveness ◽  
Visual Analogue Scale Scale ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Academic Teachers

Abstract The organization of space and working conditions is very important in terms of its effectiveness. Each professional work determines activities that support occupational safety and health at the workplace. Lack of proper working conditions but also the time of exposure to dangerous, burdensome or harmful factors has an impact on the effectiveness of the work performed. Lack of balance between work and leisure in turn results in a decrease in work efficiency. The scientific and didactic work of academic teachers is related to the occurrence of diversified occupational hazards with particular emphasis on those that are the cause of musculoskeletal disorders. In this elaboration, the research, analysis and evaluation of the work effectiveness of academic teachers have been carried out. A questionnaire and a direct interview have been used as a research method. In addition, the pain intensity in individual parts of the body has been assessed in the last 12 months depending on the age of research and teaching staff using the NMQ questionnaire (Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire). For the purposes of the study, the survey was supplemented with the VAS (Visual Analogue Scale) scale to assess the severity of pain. The purpose of the paper is to evaluate the frequency and severity of musculoskeletal pain in academic teachers with regard to the effectiveness of their work

Obesity Research in Occupational Safety and Health

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1022-1026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahboobeh Ghesmaty Sangachin ◽  
Lora A. Cavuoto
Keyword(s):  
Work Performance ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Injury ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Current State ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
And Performance ◽  
General Studies ◽  
Future Work

Obesity is an emerging health problem among the workforce. This review examined the published literature in the last decade presented in prominent human factors and occupational safety and health journals to map out the current state of the research and direct future work. Overall, 44 studies were identified, out of which 27% focused on general effects of obesity on work performance, disability or occupational injury and 73% studied hypotheses regarding the effect of obesity on functional capacity, balance and performance of specific tasks. While over 90% of general studies suggest some significant adverse effect, only ~47% of specific studies report such results. While obesity co- occurs with chronic conditions such as diabetes or cardio-respiratory issues, laboratory based studies which exclude subjects with comorbidities may fail to fully manifest obesity effects. With only four studies identified that investigated an interaction of obesity with other personal or job-related health risks, future research in this regard is warranted.

Psychophysical Capacity Modeling in Frequent Manual Materials Handling Activities

1988 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 319-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Genaidy, ◽  
S. S. Asfour ◽  
A. Mital ◽  
M. Tritar
Keyword(s):  
Regression Models ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Manual Lifting ◽  
Materials Handling ◽  
Fuzzy Models ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Manual Materials Handling ◽  
Capacity Modeling

Models related to the psychophysical capacity of individuals engaged in frequent manual materials handling (MMH) activities are reviewed and evaluated. Predictive models are classified into regression models and fuzzy models. A list of these models is presented in the form of tables for easy access by designers and practitioners of occupational safety and health. Emphasis is placed on information that has become available since the publication of the NIOSH Work Practices Guide for Manual Lifting. Recommendations for future research in modeling the psychophysical capacity of individuals engaged in MMH activities are provided.

scholarly journals A descriptive analysis of 2020 California Occupational Safety and Health Administration COVID-19-related complaints

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn D Thomas ◽  
Ellicott C Matthay ◽  
Kate A Duchowny ◽  
Alicia R Riley ◽  
Harmon Khela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Administration ◽  
California Department ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Per Capita

COVID-19 mortality disproportionately affected specific occupations and industries. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) protects the health and safety of workers by setting and enforcing standards for working conditions. Workers may file OSHA complaints about unsafe conditions. Complaints may indicate poor workplace safety during the pandemic. We evaluated COVID-19-related complaints filed with California (Cal)/OSHA between January 1, 2020 and December 14, 2020 across seven industries. To assess whether workers in occupations with high COVID-19-related mortality were also most likely to file Cal/OSHA complaints, we compared industry-specific per-capita COVID-19 confirmed deaths from the California Department of Public Health with COVID-19-related complaints. Although 7,820 COVID-19-related complaints were deemed valid by Cal/OSHA, only 627 onsite inspections occurred and 32 citations were issued. Agricultural workers had the highest per-capita COVID-19 death rates (402 per 100,000 workers) but were least represented among workplace complaints (44 per 100,000 workers). Health Care workers had the highest complaint rates (81 per 100,000 workers) but the second lowest COVID-19 death rate (81 per 100,000 workers). Industries with the highest inspection rates also had high COVID-19 mortality. Our findings suggest complaints are not proportional to COVID-19 risk. Instead, higher complaint rates may reflect worker groups with greater empowerment, resources, or capacity to advocate for better protections. This capacity to advocate for safe workplaces may account for relatively low mortality rates in potentially high-risk occupations. Future research should examine factors determining worker complaints and complaint systems to promote participation of those with the greatest need of protection.

Analisis Manual Material Handling Pada Pekerja Borongan Di PT. JC dengan Metode NBM dan RWL

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mochamad Nuri Affa ◽  
Boy Isma Putra
Keyword(s):  
Material Handling ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
The Body ◽  
Voltage Level ◽  
Materials Handling ◽  
Manual Material Handling ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Manual Materials Handling ◽  
Body Map ◽  
A Company

PT. JC is a company that uses means of transporting goods to the manual process, or so-called Manual Materials Handling (MMH) is done by workers in the Department of Warehouse. In addition to the process of moving goods by using aids such as forklifts manual removal is still needed in this company because it has advantages compared to using the tool for material removal manually can be done in a limited space. In the process of manual material handling led to several complaints that arise and can be analyzed using a Nordic body map (NBM). The use of nordic body map is an appropriate method to use because by analyzing the map of the body aimed at any part of the body feels pain.Besides complaints can also be known value Recomended Weight Limit (RWL) as recommended by NIOSH (National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health) on estimates possibility of stretching further to the value of Lifting Index (LI) aims to determine the estimated value relative to the voltage level of physical processes manual material handling. From manual material handling processes that cause the symptoms of musculoskeletal disorder completion technically be done to minimize the effects on workers. keywords:Manual Material Handling, Muskuloskelatal Disorder, Nordic body map,Recomended Weight Limit , Lifting Index.

scholarly journals Selecting Appropriate Words for Naming the Rows and Columns of Risk Assessment Matrices

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. 5521
Author(s):  
Roger C. Jensen ◽  
Haley Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
English Language ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Assessment Matrix

The risk management systems used in occupational safety and health typically assess the risk of identified hazards using a tabular format commonly called a risk assessment matrix. Typically, columns are named with words indicating severity, and rows are named with words indicating likelihood or probability. Some risk assessment matrices use words reflecting the extent of exposure to a hazard. This project was undertaken with the aim of helping the designers of risk assessment matrices select appropriate names for the rows and columns. A survey of undergraduate students studying engineering or occupational safety and health obtained ratings of 16 English language words and phrases for each of the three factors. Analyses of 84 completed surveys included comparing average ratings on a 100-point scale. Using the averages, appropriately spaced sets of words and phrases were identified for naming the row and column categories. Based on results, the authors recommend word sets of three, four, and five for severity; three, four, five, and six for likelihood; and two and three for extent of exposure. The study methodology may be useful for future research, and the resulting word sets and numerical ratings may be helpful when creating a new, or reassessing an established, risk assessment matrix.

National Estimates of Youth and Injuries on U.S. Farms, 2012

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 261-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitty J. Hendricks ◽  
Larry A. Layne ◽  
E Michael Goldcamp
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Intervention Programs ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
National Estimates ◽  
Youth Population ◽  
Safety Intervention ◽  
The U.S

Abstract. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), in order to provide injury surveillance for youth on farms in the U.S., partnered with the USDA to conduct the Childhood Agricultural Injury Survey (CAIS). CAIS data for all farm youth less than 20 years of age have been collected intermittently since 1998. CAIS data from 2012 indicated that an estimated 25.9 million youth lived on, worked on, or visited U.S. farms. These youth experienced almost 14,000 injuries while on the farm. The majority of these injuries occurred to males (7,290) and youth between the ages of 10 and 15 years (5,766). Approximately 20% (2,739) of the injuries were related to work being done on the farm. Youth living on the farm incurred 56% (7,784) of the injuries. An additional 5,771 injuries occurred to hired and visiting youth. Although youth injuries on farms have declined, the numbers are still unacceptably high. Additional research and detailed assessments of subsets of the youth population would help to better direct safety intervention programs and focus future research activities. Keywords: Agriculture, Injury, Youth.

scholarly journals PERCEIVED TASK CHARACTERISTICS AND ITS EFFECT ON EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT AT PRIVATE COLLEGES IN SARAWAK

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 22-34
Author(s):  
Muhammad Madi Abdullah ◽  
Hui Lin Lau
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Employee Engagement ◽  
Private Colleges ◽  
Task Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Task Identity ◽  
Task Variety ◽  
Task Characteristic ◽  
Task Significance ◽  
And Task

This study examines five perceived task characteristics variables (decision-making autonomy, task variety, task significance, task identity, feedback from job) and its effect on employee engagement at six private college employees in Sarawak. Despite extensive research on employee engagement, very little empirical research has examined this area of study specifically in the context of Sarawak private colleges. A survey questionnaire was employed to collect the data. A total of 284 responses were analysed using SPSS version 22.0. The results of this study revealed that only feedback from job, task identity and decision-making autonomy are significantly and positively associated with employee engagement. Task significance and task variety were not significantly related to employee engagement. Most importantly, decision-making autonomy was perceived as a dominant task characteristic for employee engagement; it was associated with significant improvements on private colleges’ employee engagement. This study contributes to a better understanding of the effect of perceived task characteristics on employee engagement among private colleges in Sarawak. The implications for practice and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Evaluation Criteria of Safety and Health Induction for Construction Worker (SICW) in Malaysia

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred Goh Pui Teck ◽  
Mat Naim Abdullah @ Mohd Asmoni ◽  
Hamdi Abdul Hamid ◽  
Mohd Saidin Misnan ◽  
Janice YM Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Workplace Safety ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Construction Worker ◽  
Green Card ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Safety Knowledge

Workplace safety is one the main concern by facilities managers due to high fatality rates in Malaysia construction industry. Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) training is an important effort to reduce workplace accident and improve employees’ safety and health in construction industry by enhancing the workers’ safety knowledge and awareness on workplace. In Malaysia, Safety and Health Induction for Construction Worker (SICW) or commonly known as Green Card Training, a mandatory safety training, has been introduced by Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) to the construction related workers in order to enhance the workers’ safety knowledge and awareness on workplace. However, SICW has never been evaluated in term of its effectiveness in delivering safety knowledge and awareness to the workers since it has been introduced. Therefore, an evaluation is needed to be carried out to evaluate the safety knowledge and awareness gain by the workers from SICW. This paper will show the evaluation criteria for SICW based on the topics covered by standardized materials provided by CIDB. The evaluation criteria will serve as a guideline for evaluation of SICW in future research.

scholarly journals Healthy Aging Requires a Healthy Home Care Workforce: the Occupational Safety and Health of Home Care Aides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. M. Quinn ◽  
P. K. Markkanen ◽  
C. J. Galligan ◽  
S. R. Sama ◽  
J. E. Lindberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Care ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Care Delivery ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Work Time ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
New Framework

Abstract Purpose of Review To identify important home care (HC) aide occupational safety and health (OSH) hazards and examine how addressing these can improve aide health and the delivery of HC services overall. Specifically, this review seeks to answer: Why is HC aide OSH important? What are the most significant OSH challenges? How can improving HC aide OSH also improve the safety and health of their clients? What implications do the findings have for future research? Recent Findings HC is one of the fastest growing US industries. Aides comprise its largest workforce and are increasingly needed to care for the rapidly aging population. There is an aide shortage due in part to instabilities in HC work organization and to serious job-specific hazards, resulting in aides losing work time. Recent social, economic, and technological factors are rapidly changing the nature of HC work, creating OSH hazards similar to those found in nursing homes. At the same time, aides are experiencing social and economic inequities that increase their vulnerability to OSH hazards. These hazards are also a burden on employers who are challenged to recruit, retain, and train aides. OSH injuries and illness interrupt the continuity of care delivery to clients. Many OSH hazards also put HC clients and families at risk. Summary A new framework and methodologies are needed to assess aide and client safety together in order to guide future HC research, policies, and practices. Government, industry, and labor commitment is needed to fund and coordinate a comprehensive, multidisciplinary research program.

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