Abacavir Hypersensitivity Reaction: The First Case Report in Thailand and Literature Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 159-163
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Hypersensitivity Reaction ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Blood Test ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Health Security ◽  
First Case ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Abacavir-related hypersensitivity reaction (ABC-HSR) is a life-threatening condition. The incidence is low since it could have been prevented by screening with blood test for HLA-B*5701, which is strongly associated with this reaction. However, the affordability for the HLA-B*5701 screening test is still a challenging issue in many developing countries. Thai National Health Security Office (NHSO) recommends either using HLA-B*5701 as a screening test or monitoring clinical presentation for ABC-HSR after using it. Therefore, the clinical presentation of ABC-HSR should be acknowledged for the diagnosis of this condition and death prevention. This was the first reported case and literature reviewed of ABC-HSR associated with the presence of the HLA-B*5701 allele in Thailand. Keywords: Abacavir, Hypersensitivity reaction, HLA-B*5701, Clinical presentation, Thailand

scholarly journals Hemoophagocitic Lymphohistiocytosis a Case Report

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Marsela Shani ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Therapeutic Agents ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Delay In Diagnosis ◽  
Current State ◽  
Familial Form ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a rare but life-threatening condition characterized by uncontrolled inflammation, is increasingly recognized in adults. The management of adult onset HLH is challenging, in part due to gaps in current state of knowledge on etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management. HLH secondary to triggers such as infections, autoimmune disorders, and malignancy are more commonly seen in adults although cases of familial form have also been reported. Underlying conditions such as sepsis, or malignancy could pose as major confounders while applying universal diagnostic criteria, and therefore could lead to delay in diagnosis. Despite advent of newer therapeutic agents, outcomes of adults continue to remain poor. Future efforts need to be orchestrated to develop evidence-based tailored therapies to improve outcomes of this under recognized heterogeneous entity.

scholarly journals Myelodysplastic Syndrome Clinically Presenting with the “Classic TTP Pentad”

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santiago Fabián Moscoso Martínez ◽  
Evelyn Carolina Polanco Jácome ◽  
Elizabeth Guevara ◽  
Vijay Mattoo
Keyword(s):  
Myelodysplastic Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Complete Blood Cell Count ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

The clinical presentation of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is not specific. Many patients can be asymptomatic and can be detected only due to an abnormal complete blood cell count (CBC) on routine exam or for other reasons while others can be symptomatic as a consequence of underlying cytopenias. Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) usually is suspected under the evidence of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA) and thrombocytopenia and because it is a life-threatening condition (medical emergency) immediate initiation of plasmapheresis could be life-saving. The following case illustrates an unusual presentation of MDS in a patient who came in to the emergency room with the classic TTP “pentad” of fever, renal involvement, MAHA, mental status changes, and thrombocytopenia. We will focus our discussion in the clinical presentation of this case.

scholarly journals Complicated staphylococcal pericarditis in a child: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 2252
Author(s):  
Fehmida Sultana ◽  
Deepti Jujaray ◽  
Ravi P. V. Kiran
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Pericardial Effusion ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Acute Pericarditis ◽  
Life Threatening

Although primary pericarditis is unusually experienced and diagnosed in paediatric population, it has probable life threatening sequel. This case report presents a case of complicated community acquired staphylococcal pericarditis, which illustrates how evasive the diagnosis of pericardial effusion can be. Early identification of pericarditis and pericardial effusion is vital to enable emergent intervention to enhance prognosis and alleviate mortality. The purpose of this report is to probe into the etiology of acute pericarditis and also to review the clinical presentation, the management and complications connected with acute pericarditis. 

scholarly journals Brain abscess due to Aggregatibacter aphrophilus and Bacteroides uniformis

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Maja Bogdan ◽  
Vlasta Zujić Atalić ◽  
Ivan Hećimović ◽  
Dubravka Vuković
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Brain Abscess ◽  
Neurological Deficit ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Aggregatibacter Aphrophilus ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Brain

<p><strong>Objective</strong>. The aim of this report was to describe the occurrence of a bacterial brain abscess in a healthy individual, without any predisposing condition. <strong>Case report</strong>. A thirteen-year old boy was admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery after the onset of vomiting, headache and dizziness. A neurological deficit was detected during the physical examination so urgent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain was performed, revealing an intrahemispheric, right positioned solitary expansive mass with ring enhancement. Purulent material was obtained during osteoplastic craniotomy with total extirpation of the brain abscess. Aggregatibacter aphrophilus and Bacteroides uniformis were isolated. The patient’s general condition improved and the neurological deficit subsided as a result of the prompt recognition and treatment of this life threatening condition. <strong>Conclusion</strong>. To achieve a favourable clinical outcome, prompt recognition and surgical treatment of a brain abscess are of primary importance,followed by administration of appropriate antimicrobial therapy. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of this combination of microorganisms as the cause of a brain abscess.</p>

scholarly journals Recurrent ipsilateral ectopic pregnancy after partial salpingectomy: case-report

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 2930
Author(s):  
Tanjona Andriamanetsiarivo Ratsiatosika ◽  
Romuald Randriamahavonjy ◽  
Baco Abdallah Abasse ◽  
Mahefarisoa Fnat ◽  
Ibrahim Housni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Vaginal Bleeding ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Bilateral Salpingectomy

Ectopic pregnancy is a life-threatening condition occurring in 1-2% of all pregnancies. The most common site of implantation for an ectopic pregnancy is the fallopian tube. Authors report a case of recurrent ipsilateral ectopic pregnancy following right partial salpingectomy of a 29-Year-Old woman that led to tubal rupture. The pregnancy was conceived spontaneously. Diagnostic of ruptured ectopic pregnancy was done after clinical and ultrasonography examination. The presence of a massive hemoperitoneum with a positive pregnancy urinary test that lead us to the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. She underwent a laparotomy for a suspicion of ruptured ectopic pregnancy. The ectopic pregnancy was identified in the left remnant fallopian tube. Partial salpingectomy, removal of tubal stump, and resection of the uterine cornua, was performed. The postoperative recovery was uneventful. She has stayed for five days at the Hospital. All patients, even though they have already received a definitive contraception by tubal section and ligature or unilateral or by bilateral salpingectomy for any reason, must seek an ectopic pregnancy in case of pelvic pain, vaginal bleeding and/ or amenorrhea. Authors propose to carry a total salpingectomy after a chosen surgical treatment.

scholarly journals Use of the Coupler Microanastomotic Device for the Treatment of a Distal Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery Aneurysm Via Excision and End-to-End Anastomosis—A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oded Goren ◽  
Raghuram Sampath ◽  
Akshal S Patel ◽  
Christoph J Griessenauer ◽  
Clemens M Schirmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery ◽  
Artery Aneurysm ◽  
Parent Vessel ◽  
First Case ◽  
Cerebellar Artery ◽  
End To End ◽  
Coupler Device

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE The Coupler microanastomotic device (Medical Companies Alliance, Birmingham, Alabama) aims at facilitating safe and efficient end-to-end reconstruction of the native vessel ends following resection of intracranial aneurysms. CLINICAL PRESENTATION We report the first case of the Coupler device used to treat a ruptured posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) aneurysm. Following aneurysmal trapping and excision, the native parent vessel ends were connected in an end-to-end fashion. CONCLUSION The microanastomotic Coupler device is an acceptable option for end-to-end anastomosis and was successfully applied in the management of a ruptured fusiform PICA aneurysm.

scholarly journals Incidental amniocele in a case of antepartum haemorrhage

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheree C. Gray ◽  
Jacobus A. Pienaar ◽  
Zelia Sofianos ◽  
Jacob Varghese ◽  
Ilonka Warnich
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Identification ◽  
Uterine Rupture ◽  
Placenta Previa ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Severe Morbidity ◽  
Antepartum Haemorrhage ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

An amniocele, or contained uterine rupture, is a phenomenon in which there is herniation of the amniotic sac through a uterine defect, secondary to various causes. It is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. This case presents the findings in a 36-year-old female at 29 weeks gestation who was initially managed as antepartum haemorrhage secondary to placenta previa, based on ultrasound. Upon further imaging, an amniocele was diagnosed. This case report illustrates the importance of early identification of this life-threatening condition.

scholarly journals Mixed‐type primary germ cell tumor of the mediastinum in a young adult male with a sudden life threatening condition: A case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-169
Author(s):  
Tadashi Sakane ◽  
Katsuhiro Okuda ◽  
Takayuki Murase ◽  
Takuya Watanabe ◽  
Risa Oda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Germ Cell ◽  
Germ Cell Tumor ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Mixed Type ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Young Adult Male ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

scholarly journals Spontaneous Heterotopic Pregnancy: Case Report and Literature Review

Medicina ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miglė Černiauskaitė ◽  
Brigita Vaigauskaitė ◽  
Diana Ramašauskaitė ◽  
Mindaugas Šilkūnas
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Heterotopic Pregnancy ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Lower Abdomen ◽  
Healthy Baby ◽  
Extrauterine Pregnancy ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening

Heterotopic pregnancy is defined as a condition when intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy occur simultaneously. It is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate and accurate diagnostics and treatment. We present a case of a 28-year-old primigravida female who conceived spontaneously and at her seventh week of gestation and was presented to the emergency department with weakness and acute pain in lower abdomen. Laboratory tests and transvaginal ultrasonography revealed the diagnosis of heterotopic pregnancy. Urgent laparoscopic salpingotomy was chosen as a treatment option. The ectopic pregnancy was successfully removed with the preservation of the intrauterine embryo and fallopian tubes. The course of pregnancy after the surgery was without complications, and a healthy baby was delivered at the 39th week of gestation. When treated properly and on time, a heterotopic pregnancy can result in live childbirth with favorable outcomes for both the child and the mother.

scholarly journals Cardiac tamponade as a late complication of a minor trauma due to syncope: A case report and literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Guarino ◽  
Alessandra Bologna ◽  
Alfredo De Giorgi ◽  
Michele D Spampinato ◽  
Christian Molino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Cardiac Tamponade ◽  
Blunt Chest Trauma ◽  
Chest Trauma ◽  
Late Complication ◽  
Minor Trauma ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
A Minor

Haemopericardium with cardiac tamponade following minor blunt trauma is a rare, life-threatening condition. The diagnosis of cardiac tamponade as well as therapeutic management may be delayed, since the link between trauma and illness is often overlooked. We report the case of an old woman who developed a relatively delayed cardiac tamponade due to an otherwise minor blunt chest trauma following syncope.

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