Anthropometric Study of Facial Morphology in Northern Thai Population Aged 1 to 18 Years Old to Inform the Timing of Craniofacial Reconstruction

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (10) ◽  
pp. 1639-1647
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Palpebral Fissure ◽  
Facial Morphology ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Craniofacial Reconstruction ◽  
Face Height ◽  
Nasolabial Angle

Objective: To determine normal range of craniofacial structures, compare between male and female and establish growth curves in subjects aged 4 to 18 years old. Moreover, to determine normal range of craniofacial structures in subpopulation aged 1 to 3 years old. Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional study including 388 healthy subjects consisted of 363 subjects aged 4 to 18 years old and 25 subjects aged 1 to 3 years old. Both groups were Northern Thai. All subjects were measured to record the craniofacial anthropometry and established the growth curves in 6 regions including head, face, orbit, nose, labio-oral and ears. Results: In the population aged 4 to 18 years old, upper vermillion height of males was 9.03±2.92 mm. while in females was 8.45±2.38 mm (p=0.039). Left auricular length of males was 57.22±5.33 mm, while in females was 55.89±4.59 mm (p=0.011). Right auricular length of males was 57.40±5.35 mm, while in females was 55.91±4.75 mm (p=0.006). In the population aged 1 to 3 years old, left palpebral fissure of male was 10.42±2.45 mm, while in females was 8.27±1.43 mm (p=0.041). The trend in morphological face height was stable after 13 years old. The trend in physiognomical face height, binocular width, mouth width, and auricular height was stable after 16 years old. The trend in forehead height, mandible width, and nasolabial angle was stable after 18 years old. Conclusion: Each of the parameters showed a tendency to be stable at a specific cut-off age. Therefore, craniofacial reconstruction should be carried out after the specific cut-off ages identified in the results. Keywords: Facial anthropometry; Anthropometrics; Craniofacial; Northern Thai

scholarly journals Serum Levels of Fetal Antigen 1 in Extreme Nutritional States

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alin Andries ◽  
Andreas Niemeier ◽  
Rene K. Støving ◽  
Basem M. Abdallah ◽  
Anna-Maria Wolf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Change ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Restrictive Surgery ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Fetal Antigen

Objective. Recent data suggest that fetal antigen (FA1) is linked to disorders of body weight. Thus, we measured FA1 serum levels in two extreme nutritional states of morbid obesity (MO) and anorexia nervosa (AN) and monitored its response to weight changes. Design. FA1 and insulin serum concentrations were assessed in a cross-sectional study design at defined time points after gastric restrictive surgery for 25 MO patients and 15 women with AN. Results. Absolute FA1 serum levels were within the assay normal range and were not different between the groups at baseline. However, the ratio of FA1/BMI was significantly higher in AN. FA1 was inversely correlated with BMI before and after weight change in AN, but not in MO patients. In addition, MO patients displayed a significant concomitant decrease of FA1 and insulin with the first 25% of EWL, while in AN patients a significant increase of FA1 was observed in association with weight gain. Conclusion. FA1 is a sensitive indicator of metabolic adaptation during weight change. While FA1 serum levels in humans generally do not correlate with BMI, our results suggest that changes in FA1 serum levels reflect changes in adipose tissue turnover.

scholarly journals perbandingan kadar HDL dan LDL akseptor Depo Medroksi Progesteron Asetat dengan IUD

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
Suci Syahril ◽  
Meldafia Idaman ◽  
Dewi Fransisca
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
First Year ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract The use of contraceptive depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) increasing lately, but some studies suggest has the side effects of weight gain and contraceptives that have side effect in lipid metabolism. Therefore, about 35% of acceptors of DMPA in the first year to stop the use of DMPA. The objective of this study was to determine the differences of lipid profile between acceptors DMPA with acceptors IUD. This was a obcervational study with cross sectional study. The study wasdone at health center Lubuk Buaya in Padang and at laboratory of Biochemistry Departement in Medical Faculty of Andalas University from Januari until September 2016. The subjects were consisted of two groups, each group had 26 subjects. The examination for LDL and HDL used an enzymatic colorimetric method CHOD-PAP.  Data was analyzed using analysis of t-test with p < 0.05 was considered to be significantly different. HDL levels average in Depo Medroxyprogesterone Acetate was 87,54±14,28 mg/dl and IUD was 75,90±8,67 mg/dl with p < 0.05 (significantly difference). Levels of  LDL means there is no significantly difference between DMPA and IUD acceptors (p> 0.05). This research concluded that there isa significant difference on average levels of HDL in the Depo Medroxyprogesterone Acetate and IUD but levels of LDL there is no significantly difference. The clinically lipid profile in the two groups is in normal range.  

Normal range of maximum mouth opening in pakistani population: A cross-sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
FarooqA Chaudhary ◽  
Basaruddin Ahmad ◽  
DanialQ Butt ◽  
Shoaib Hameed ◽  
Ulfat Bashir
Keyword(s):  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pakistani Population

scholarly journals ASSOCIATION OF POSTPRANDIAL BLOOD SUGAR WITH HYPERCOAGULABILITY IN COMPARISON TO FASTING BLOOD SUGARS IN DIABETIC AND HEALTHY PATIENTS: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Sri Ramulu Kadiyala ◽  
Karthik Rao ◽  
Nr Rao ◽  
Ram Bhat ◽  
Jayaprakash Rao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Sugar ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional

Objective: The aim of this study was to find the association of postprandial blood glucose with hypercoagulability in comparison to fasting blood sugars(FBS) in diabetic and healthy patients.Methods: The present study involved a total of 156 patients, of which 78 were taken as cases (diabetics) and other 78 as controls (non-diabetics). Laboratory analysis included prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen assay done along with fasting, and postprandial sugars.Results: Platelets in diabetics and healthy controls were in normal range. Decrease in PT and partial thromboplastin time was noted in diabetics compared to non-diabetic controls. Fibrinogen levels were increased in cases compared to controls. Changes in PT values were more significant with postprandial blood sugar (PPBS) levels when compared to FBS levels, and APTT follows the same pattern with more in PPBS levels and FBS levels in diabetics. PPBS showed elevated fibrinogen when compared to FBS in diabetics as well as non-diabetics.Conclusion: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a hypercoagulable state as proven by the following results of our study.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Correlates of Alcohol Consumption among Hill-Tribe Adolescents below the Legal Drinking Age—A Community-based Cross-Sectional Study in Northern Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8266
Author(s):  
Narongsak Noosorn ◽  
Civilaiz Wanaratwichit ◽  
Shamsudeen YAU ◽  
Nuansiri Kedsai
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Thai Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Northern Thailand ◽  
Prevention Interventions

Alcohol drinking has been prevalent among various hill tribes of northern Thailand due to their distinctively different lifestyles, traditions, cultures and beliefs than the general Thai population; the majority of these traditions involve annual rounds of customary rituals that make alcohol abundantly accessible to all age groups. To study the prevalence and predictors of alcohol use, a community-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted between October 2017–September 2018 among 480 sampled adolescents aged 12 through 18 years drawn by stratified random sampling. A proprietary questionnaire developed by the researchers was used to collect the data which were analyzed using binary logistic regression. The prevalence of alcohol use in the previous 30 days was 46.7%. Drinking predictors were: having at least a drinking parent, drinking peers, ever been sent to buy alcohol, smoking, cordial relationship with peers, gambling, family violence experience, stress and leisure time company. Therefore, our results suggest that prevention interventions should be designed with a focus on discouraging parents from sending children to buy alcohol and drinking or smoking in their presence; to reduce both social and commercial access to alcohol, age limits should be imposed on alcohol intake at all ceremonious events, while strictly reinforcing the law that prohibits selling alcohol to minors.

scholarly journals Hypogonadism in females with Prader–Willi syndrome from infancy to adulthood: variable combinations of a primary gonadal defect and hypothalamic dysfunction

2010 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talia Eldar-Geva ◽  
Harry J Hirsch ◽  
Fortu Benarroch ◽  
Orit Rubinstein ◽  
Varda Gross-Tsur
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Development ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Hormones ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypothalamic Dysfunction

ObjectiveThe variable hypogonadism in Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) has generally been attributed to hypothalamic dysfunction. Recent studies have documented primary testicular dysfunction in PWS males. Our aims were to characterize sexual development and reproductive hormones in PWS females and to investigate the etiology of hypogonadism.DesignA cross-sectional study.MethodsPhysical examination was performed on 45 PWS females (aged 6 weeks to 32 years) and blood samples were obtained for hormonal analyses.ResultsAge of onset and progression of puberty varied; most adults had incomplete sexual development. Spontaneous menarche was reported in four (aged 15–30 years) but all had subsequently developed secondary amenorrhea or oligomennorrhea. Anti-Mullerian hormone levels were within the normal range in all age groups. Inhibin B was consistently low or undetectable; only five women had levels in the low-normal range (20–54 pg/ml). LH was normal in most children, but low (<1.0 IU/l) in 9 of 15 adults. FSH was within the normal range for age in most children, but low (<0.5 IU/l) in 10 and high in four adults. Estradiol levels were normal-low and androgen levels were normal in the majority.ConclusionsPubertal development in PWS females, as in males, is characterized by normal adrenarche, pubertal arrest, and hypogonadism due to variable combinations of a unique primary gonadal defect and hypothalamic dysfunction.

scholarly journals A population-based cross-sectional study of the association between facial morphology and cardiometabolic risk factors in adolescence

BMJ Open ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. e002910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Djordjevic ◽  
Debbie A Lawlor ◽  
Alexei I Zhurov ◽  
Arshed M Toma ◽  
Rebecca Playle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Facial Morphology ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Prevalence and Associated Symptoms of Helicobacter pylori Infection among Schoolchildren in Kassala State, East of Sudan

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Abbas ◽  
Faiza A. Sharif ◽  
Shamselfalah M. Osman ◽  
Abdallah M. Osman ◽  
Sulieman M. El Sanousi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Schools ◽  
Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abdominal Symptoms ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
H Pylori

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of H. pylori infections among schoolchildren and investigate the associations between H. pylori seropositivity and existence of gastrointestinal symptoms. Methods. A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted during a period from January to December 2012 at Kassala state, east of Sudan. Schoolchildren from different primary schools were enrolled in the study. Sociodemographic characteristics and gastrointestinal symptoms were recorded from each child. A rapid immunochromatographic test was performed for the detection of H. pylori IgG antibodies. Data on patient demographic characteristics, clinical diagnosis, and findings of H. pylori infection were analyzed by simple descriptive statistics. Results. Among 431 schoolchildren, H. pylori seropositivity was found to be 21.8%. The majority of children (79; 84%) had BMI below the normal range. The most frequent symptoms associated with H. pylori infections were nausea (25.5%), followed by gastric pain (24.5%) and heart pain (20.2%). There were statistically significant differences in H. pylori seropositivity between boys and girls (p=0.003). Conclusions. The prevalence of H. pylori infection among schoolchildren in Kassala city has been documented. Although the majority of the disease was associated with several gastrointestinal symptoms, the role of infection in the etiology of abdominal symptoms needs further investigations.

scholarly journals Development of Speech Intelligibility Between 30 and 47 Months in Typically Developing Children: A Cross-Sectional Study of Growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1675-1687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine C. Hustad ◽  
Tristan Mahr ◽  
Phoebe E. M. Natzke ◽  
Paul J. Rathouz
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Linear Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Normative Growth

Purpose We sought to establish normative growth curves for intelligibility development for the speech of typically developing children as revealed by objectively based orthographic transcription of elicited single-word and multiword utterances by naïve listeners. We also examined sex differences, and we compared differences between single-word and multiword intelligibility growth. Method One hundred sixty-four typically developing children (92 girls, 72 boys) contributed speech samples for this study. Children were between the ages of 30 and 47 months, and analyses examined 1-month age increments between these ages. Two different naïve listeners heard each child and made orthographic transcriptions of child-produced words and sentences ( n = 328 listeners). Average intelligibility scores for single-word productions and multiword productions were modeled using linear regression, which estimated normal-model quantile age trajectories for single- and multiword utterances. Results We present growth curves showing steady linear change over time in 1-month increments from 30 to 47 months for 5th, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 95th percentiles. Results showed that boys did not differ from girls and that, prior to 35 months of age, single words were more intelligible than multiword productions. Starting at 41 months of age, the reverse was true. Multiword intelligibility grew at a faster rate than single-word intelligibility. Conclusions Children make steady progress in intelligibility development through 47 months, and only a small number of children approach 100% intelligibility by this age. Intelligibility continues to develop past the fourth year of life. There is considerable variability among children with regard to intelligibility development. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12330956

scholarly journals New Growth Curves for Spanish Children (0–10 Years) in the Region of Extremadura

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 8953
Author(s):  
Luis Pardo-Galán ◽  
Raquel Pastor-Cisneros ◽  
Daniel Collado-Mateo ◽  
José Adsuar ◽  
Miguel García-Gordillo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Curves ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Regional Government ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Health Organization

The anthropometric reference data used to examine the growth pattern of children in Spain are obtained from studies carried out several years ago. In the region of Extremadura, the tables obtained by the Faustino Obergozo Foundation, which date back to 2004, are used. The first objective of this work is to develop growth tables and graphs that accurately reflect the somatometric variables of children in Extremadura. Secondly, the averages of these variables by sex will be compared to determine if there are significant differences between them. A database provided by the General Directorate of Planning, Training, and Health and Social Quality of the Regional Government of Extremadura was used, which contains the measurements of height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) of boys and girls in Extremadura between the years 2006–2016. The database was analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 and the R software version 3.5.1, considering a cross-sectional study. As a result, the tables and growth graphs of Extremadura’s population base for weight and height are presented, from birth to 10 years, as well as comparisons of the average values of the analyzed variables between boys and girls. We found that there are significant differences in the mean values, according to sex, of the height and weight. On the other hand, BMI progressed normally when comparing the results of the Extremadura population with those reflected by the World Health Organization (WHO). Differences were found when comparing the results with those obtained by the Faustino Orbegozo Foundation.

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