scholarly journals An Appropriate Guideline for Participatory GIS: A Result from the Experience of Joint Management of Protected Area Project in Thailand

2015 ◽  
pp. 17-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phonpat Hemwan

This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the Participatory Geographic Information System (PGIS) process as implemented through the Joint Management of Protected Areas (JoMPA) project. This article analyzes the process of local land use planning using PGIS through demarcation of special use zones. This was demonstrated to be a crucial process in the implemen-tation of conservation projects. Implementation of PGIS involves several operational steps, broughttogether in this study using the method of action research. It is based on collaborative partici-pation by stakeholders in the local area, leading all stakeholders to effective co-management of resources. The means of PGIS is also discussed here as a set of key tools, comprising geo-information acquisition and analysis tools. They are used mainly as participatory and interactive tools for communication and decision-making in collaborative planning or public meetings. The results of this implementation indicated that villagers could clearly understand the boundaries of land use areas, and the community regulations to facilitate practical co-management of land use by all local stakeholders. In addition, this study evaluates intensities of participation in 3 dimensions: facilitation, mediation and empowerment. This integrated approach including participatory local land use planning with PGIS is useful to identify problems in protected areas and also to develop strategies and solutions in partnership with local communities and external stake-holders, that together lead to a co-management approach for protected areas.

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Víctor García-Díez ◽  
Marina García-Llorente ◽  
José A. González

Cultural ecosystem services are gaining increasing attention in the scientific literature, despite the conceptual and methodological difficulties associated with their assessment. We used a participatory GIS method to map and assess three cultural ecosystem services, namely, (a) outdoor recreation, (b) aesthetic enjoyment, and (c) sense of place, in the Madrid region (Spain). The main goal of the study was to identify cultural ecosystem service hotspots in the region and to explore the relationships among the three ecosystem services mapped. We developed a Maptionnaire online questionnaire asking participants to locate places that they associate with these three ecosystem services and their main reasons for choosing those places on a map. We collected 580 complete questionnaires with 1710 location points (807 for outdoor recreation, 506 for aesthetic enjoyment and 397 for sense of place). We found that the three ecosystem services analysed were spatially correlated, with similar hotspots appearing across the region. Most of the identified hotspots were located in the northern part of the region, which is characterised by mountains and forests. Other hotspots appeared within the city of Madrid, highlighting the importance of urban green areas. Natural protected areas supplied significantly more cultural ecosystem services than non-protected areas. Among CORINE land-use types, forested areas, mountain shrubs and rocky landscapes were more relevant than arable lands for the supply of cultural ecosystem services. Our results highlight the utmost importance of including ecosystem services mapping within land-use planning and policy-making agendas to ensure the conservation of areas supplying cultural services that are critical for societal wellbeing.


2019 ◽  
pp. 200-219
Author(s):  
Eduina Bezerra França

RESUMO:No Brasil, a gestão de unidades de conservação ainda é pouco discutida no sentido de governança, e ao mesmo tempo direciona olhares para aplicação de metodologias e políticas de ordenamento territorial que venham a mitigar os conflitos e efetivar práticas mais participativas. O objetivo do artigo é compreender as implicações do ordenamento territorial e da gestão de UC em ambientes costeiros, tendo como referência empírica a APA de Piaçabuçu, Litoral Sul de Alagoas. A metodologia utilizou basicamente os seguintes instrumentos: levantamento bibliográfico e documental, visita de campo e entrevista com gestores. Para análise e interpretação dos resultados optou-se pelo decálogo proposto pelo geógrafo espanhol Barragán Muñoz (2014) que permite valorar os ambientes geográficos e sistematizar um modelo de governança eficaz na costa. Em suma, a dinâmica territorial da APA de Piaçabuçu passa por problemas que dificultam o trabalho da gestão e necessita de parcerias que atentem para a governança e inclua as esferas antenadas com a organização do território.Palavras-chave: Ordenamento Territorial; Unidade de Conservação; Litoral. ABSTRACT:In Brazil, the management of conservation units is still little discussed in the sense of governance and, at the same time, it directs approaches to the application of territorial planning methodologies and policies that will mitigate conflicts and effect more participatory practices. The objective of this article is to understand the implications of land use planning in the APA of Piaçabuçu, Litoral Sul de Alagoas. The methodology used basically the following instruments: bibliographical and documentary survey, field visit and interview with managers. For governance analysis in UC, the decalogue proposed by the Spanish geographer Barragán Muñoz (2014) was used to assess geographic environments and systematize an effective governance model on the coast. In short, the territorial dynamics of the APA in Piaçabuçu are affected by problems that hamper the work of management and require partnerships that jeopardize governance and include the spheres with the organization of the territory.Keywords: Territorial Planning; Conservation Unit; Coast.


2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 29-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavoljub Dragicevic ◽  
Ivica Milevski ◽  
Ivan Novkovic ◽  
Boban Milojkovic

Natural conditions of certain area imply to the complex influence of various elements of the environment (surface, relief, climate, water, vegetation type) and man, and knowledge of their recent state represents basis of an integrated approach in the land use planning. Analysis of natural conditions and processes in the Serbian-Macedonian border area is usually done through the valorization of natural potentials, but aspect of their limiting influence on the development of this territory - natural hazards assessment has remained unresolved. Degree of natural hazards vulnerability of a certain territory is an important factor in land use planning, because it represents a threat to the undisturbed development of a certain teritory. The basic idea of this paper is to provide multi-hazard assessment and the integral map of areas vulnerable to various types of natural hazards in Serbian-Macedonian border area. In this way seclusion of areas where natural conditions can represent the limiting factor for the development of the analyzed territory shall be performed.


Author(s):  
Carel P. van Schaik ◽  
Randall A. Kramer

During the past century, the standard measure for safeguarding the maintenance of biodiversity has been the establishment of protected areas in which consumptive uses by humans are minimized. Over the years, the design of protected areas has evolved from the creation of small refuges for particular species to the protection of entire ecosystems that are large enough to maintain most if not all their component species and that are mutually interconnected wherever possible. While many other, equally important, measures are now being contemplated and implemented (e.g., comprehensive land-use planning, sustainable development), protected areas remain the cornerstone of all conservation strategies aimed at limiting the inevitable reduction of this planet’s biodiversity (e.g., World Conservation Strategy, Caring for the Earth, Global Biodiversity Strategy). Existing protected rain forest areas suffer from an array of problems that reduce their effectiveness in a broad conservation strategy. They cover a scant 5 percent of tropical rain forest habitats (WCMC, 1992)— arguably not enough to forestall species extinction, especially since the proportions of areas protected vary appreciably from region to region. Protected areas are often not sited appropriately, and they are often too small to maintain the full diversity of their communities. They will in future be affected by external forces (Neumann and Machlis, 1989), such as changes in local climates caused by extensive deforestation, pollution, or fires emanating from outside; introduced exotic species; and global climate change, which in parts of the tropics will likely manifest itself as an increase in the frequency of long droughts. Fortunately, these existing and anticipated threats are being addressed in some countries and regions by measures such as integrated land-use planning, redesigning parks, and establishing corridors, although ecologists are concerned that not enough is being done (see chapter 3). These shortcomings of protected area networks are significant and need to be redressed, but human activities currently pose far more serious threats to protected areas.


2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reija Hietala ◽  
Asko Ijäs ◽  
Tarmo Pikner ◽  
Anne Kull ◽  
Anu Printsmann ◽  
...  

AbstractThe Maritime Spatial Planning (MSP) Directive was ratified (2014/89/EU) along the Strategy of the European Union (EU) on the Blue Economy to contribute to the effective management of maritime activities and resources and incorporate the principal elements of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) (2002/413/EC) into planning at the land-sea interface. There is a need to develop the ICZM approach throughout Europe to realise the potential for both socio-economic and environmental targets set by the EU and national legislations. In this study, we co-developed different approaches for land-sea interactions in four case areas in Estonia and Finland based on the defined characteristics and key interests derived from local or regional challenges by integrating spatial data on human activities and ecology. Furthermore, four ICZM drafts were co-evaluated by stakeholders and the public using online map-based assessment tools (public participatory GIS). The ICZM approaches of the Estonian cases ranged from the diversification of land use to the enhancement of community-based entrepreneurship. The Finnish cases aimed to define the trends for sustainable marine and coastal tourism and introduce the ecosystem service concept in land use planning. During the project activities, we found that increased communication and exchange of local and regional views and values on the prevailing land-sea interactions were important for the entire process. Thereafter, the ICZM plans were applied to the MSP processes nationally, and they support the sustainable development of coastal areas in Estonia and Finland.


2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
R. Kunto Adi

<p>Development of agricultural sector, especiallly for agribusiness sector that problems by large of conversion of agricultural land to used for non agricultural, that cause  acess  farmers  toward  agrarian  resources,  especially  limited  of  land.  Except that,  factors  of  the  lack  of  land  ownership  and  authority,  threatened  of  farmers existance on to become cause of agrarian conflict in rural area that more and more glow.  The  problem  of  agrarian  conflict  trigger  by  more  and  more  increased  of developmnet  activity.  This  condition  will  have  consequence  to  occur  conflict  in utilizing of land. Except that, too much land resources that carry on not yet or to use appropriate with allocation, to much of occur land utilizing that not appropriate with phisically potency of land and appropriate with land use planning of region. Because of that be needed maked grow about important of land utilizing in a plan manner, in order that used optimally, harmonious, balanced, dan sustainable. Because of that be needed efforts land use planning managemet. Land  use planning must be done with participating  of  community  (farmers)  in  decision  making  of  development  policy  in order that used integrative, so effort in land use planning process, from a planning, implementation,  and  supervision.  In  implementation  this  programme,  land  use planning  must  be  with  community  management  approach,  for  actualization  of community  capacity  and  potency  or  community  empowering  approach.  Programme that  become  form  land  use  planning  management  with  character  of  bottom  up approach and used to blue print that not to character of dependency creating, until programme  that  become  from  land  use  planning  management  basic  to  community must be character of empowering, with the result that community especially farmers not only as object, but like  subject, especially for implementation of land use planning process in agribusiness system and business.</p><p> </p><p>Pengembangan sektor pertanian, terutama sektor agribisnis, terkendala oleh banyaknya alih fungsi lahan pertanian ke penggunaan non pertanian, yang mengakibatkan akses petani terhadap sumber daya agraria, terutama tanah, menjadi sangat terbatas. Selain itu faktor kesenjangan penguasaan dan kepemilikan tanah dan terancamnya eksistensi diri para petani pada gilirannya menjadi penyebab utama terjadinya konflik pertanahan di pedesaan yang kian marak. Masalah pertanahan dipicu oleh semakin meningkatnya kegiatan pembangunan akan makin banyak memerlukan tanah ditengah-tengah keterbatasan persediaan akan sumber daya tanah itu sendiri. Hal ini akan berakibat pada terjadinya persaingan dalam penggunaan tanah, semakin menurunnya kemampuan daya tampung suatu wilayah dan mendorong terjadinya penggunaan tanah tanpa memperhatikan kondisi kemampuan tanah serta kelestarian lingkungannya. Dilain pihak, banyak tanah-tanah yang belum diusahakan atau dimanfaatkan sesuai dengan peruntukkannya, dan sebaliknya, banyak terjadi penggunaan tanah yang tidak sesuai dengan potensi fisik tanah dan arahan yang telah digariskan dalam rencana tata ruangnya. Untuk itu perlu ditumbuhkan tentang arti penting penggunaan tanah secara terencana, agar diperoleh manfaat yang optimal, serasi, seimbang dan lestari. Oleh karena itu perlu upaya pengelolaan tata guna tanah atau Penatagunaan Tanah. Penatagunaan tanah harus dilaksanakan dengan melibatkan masyarakat (petani) dalam pengambilan kebijakan pembangunan secara integratif, termasuk juga dalam proses penatagunaan tanah, dari mulai perencanaan, pelaksanaan dan pengawasan. Dalam implementasinya, proses penatagunaan tanah harus dengan pendekatan <em>community management</em> untuk mengaktualisasikan potensi masyarakat <em>(empowering)</em>. Program-program yang lahir dari manajemen penatagunaan tanah bersifat <em>bottom up</em> dan<em> blue print</em> yang tidak bersifat <em>dependency creating</em>, sehingga program yang lahir dari manajemen penatagunaan tanah berbasis masyarakat cenderung bersifat <em>empowering</em>, sehingga masyarakat terutama petani tidak hanya sebagai obyek, tetapi sebagai subyek, dalam implementasi proses penatagunaan tanah dalam sistem dan usaha agribisnis di Indonesia.</p>


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Katalaine Duaibe

<p>Human activity is increasingly becoming a factor contributing to 'disasters' that occur worldwide. As evident in the Asian Tsunami of 2004, the high levels of loss of life and livelihood, and damage to property were largely due to the population density and human development of the physical landscape of the stricken region. The magnitude of natural hazards coupled with the high population density and low levels of development can have disastrous or catastrophic impacts on a nation as a whole, especially in small island states. Furthermore, the lack of governance structures, legislative compliance, and regulatory land use and planning coupled with the perception of risk of the general public, can all contribute to the magnitude of disasters. The flood plains of Navua, a small rural town outside of Fiji's capital and prone to all types of flooding, are explored to determine the extent to which human activities impact on the magnitude of flooding and flood damage. Human activities such as land degradation, deforestation of catchment areas, increased population density along the Navua riverbanks inadequate land use planning, zoning, and control of flood plain development; and inadequate drainage, and management of discharges are examined when determining the factors that have contributed to the increased incidence of flooding of the past 100 years until 2004. The evolution of different governmental approaches to hazard and risk management in Fiji is also explored. It is observed that while considerable progress has been made to address the factors causing high risk, there is still an emphasis on hazard mitigation rather than risk reduction. A model framework for flood risk management is referred to, where the elements at risk are the land-use characteristics of the Navua Catchment. As such, part of the treatment of risks is seen as requiring adequate risk management standards that fit into the broader 'all-hazards management' approach adopted by the Pacific Island Nations including Fiji.</p>


2012 ◽  
Vol 88 (03) ◽  
pp. 254-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Per Sandström ◽  
Camilla Sandström ◽  
Johan Svensson ◽  
Leif Jougda ◽  
Karin Baer

To improve communication between reindeer-herders and other land users, we developed and implemented a system to produce reindeer husbandry plans together with Sami reindeer-herding communities. A central component of our communications strategy was the introduction and use of a participatory GIS (pGIS). We evaluated the potential and limitations of pGIS as a tool for collaborative learning. We concluded that by merging traditional and scientific knowledge in a pGIS, the process of spatial communication has contributed to a more inclusive planning process, and to improved knowledge-sharing. Furthermore, the process has contributed to a more efficient long-term perspective where land use planning focuses on key areas but with solutions applied to the landscape. The Model Forest offered an appropriate platform to facilitate the process.


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