Comparison of aeration tank calculations using ASM2d and ATV models

Author(s):  
О.В. Харькина ◽  
К.Р. Искалиева ◽  
Е.В. Малич

Проведено сравнение результатов расчета аэротенков по модели ATV (Standard ATV-DVWK-A131 E «Dimension of Single-Stage Activated Sludge Plants 2000»), которая является стохастической «табличной» моделью, и по модели ASM2d, которая относится к теоретическим и описывает, в отличие от ATV, процессы биологической очистки сточных вод с помощью формул ферментативной кинетики. Расчеты выполнены для одних и тех же входных данных. Результаты расчетов показали существенную ограниченность использования модели ATV. Данная модель, как изначально указано авторами в ее описании, рассчитывает аэротенки только на единственное значение качества очищенной воды по аммонийному азоту 1 мг/л и не рассчитывает аэротенки на нитриты. Более того, сравнение ATVс ASM2d показало, что и достижение указанного качества очищенной воды по аммонийному азоту 1 мг/л возможно только при конкретных значениях кинетических констант, которые были определены авторами в данной статье, а изменение хотя бы одного из кинетических параметров сточных вод приводит к увеличению необходимого значения аэробного возраста активного ила и, как следствие, расчетного объема аэробной зоны на десятки процентов, что доказывает риск недостижения требуемого качества очищенной воды при использовании модели ATVдаже на концентрацию аммонийного азота 1 мг/л. С учетом того, что методика ATV не рассчитывает аэротенки на качество очищенных вод по нитритам, результаты проведенного нами расчета показывают, что предлагаемые в ATVзначения аэробного возраста активного ила 4,05 суток для температуры 17 ºС позволят достичь качество очищенной воды по азоту нитритов 0,35–0,52 мг/л N–NO2. Это доказывает невозможность использования ATV, если даны требования к качеству очищенной воды по нитритам. Авторами на основании проведенных расчетов сделаны выводы о риски недостижения качества очищенной воды по аммонийному азоту, как и 1 мг/л при использовании ATV, из-за того, что ATVявляется стохастической моделью, то есть все представленные в данной методике зависимости были определены для конкретных условий проведения работ. Более того, как и указано в описании ATV, данная методика применима, даже в ограниченных условиях, строго для городских сточных вод. Проведенные расчеты показали, что при наличии требований к качеству очищенной воды по нитритам, вне зависимости от значений требуемых концентраций нитритов, методика ATVне подходит вообще, при этом ASM2dс учетом того, что она основывается на формулах ферментативной кинетики, позволяет рассчитывать аэротенки на любое требуемое качество очищенной воды как по аммонийному азоту, так и по азоту нитритов и применима для любого типа сточных вод. A comparison is made of the results of calculating aeration tanks by ATV model (Standard ATV-DVWK-A131 E «Dimension of Single-Stage Activated Sludge Plants 2000»), that is a stochastic «table» model, and by ASM2d model, that is referred to as theoretical and describes, unlike ATV, biological wastewater treatment processes using enzymatic kinetics formulas. Calculations are performed for the same input data. The calculation results show essentially limited use of ATV model; this model, as originally given in the description of this model by the designers, provides for calculating aeration tanks only for a single value of the effluent quality in terms of ammonia nitrogen as 1 mg/l and does not provide for calculating aeration tanks in terms of nitrites. Moreover, the comparison of ATV and ASM2d show that achieving the specified quality of effluent in terms of ammonia nitrogen as 1 mg/l is possible only at specific values ​​of the kinetic constants determined by the authors in this article; whereas, any change in at least one kinetic parameter of the wastewater results in an increase in the required aerobic age of activated sludge and, as a consequence, in the calculated volume of the aerobic zone by tens of percent, which proves the risk of not achieving the required effluent quality while using ATV model even for ammonium nitrogen concentration of 1 mg/l. Taking into account the fact that ATV Method does not provide for calculating aeration tanks for the effluent quality in terms of nitrites, the results of our calculation show that the aerobic age of activated sludge of 4.05 days for a temperature of 17 ºС proposed in ATV will make it possible to achieve the effluent quality in terms of nitrite nitrogen, 0.35–0.52 mg/l N–NO2, proving the unavailability of ATV, if the requirements to the effluent quality in terms of nitrites are specified. The authors, on the basis of the calculations, make conclusions about the risk of failure to achieve the effluent quality in terms of ammonia nitrogen as well as 1 mg/l while using ATV, because ATV is a stochastic model, that is, all dependencies presented in this method have been determined for the specific operating conditions. Moreover, as specified in the ATV description, this method, even in limited conditions, is applicable strictly for urban wastewater. The calculations show that if there are requirements for the effluent quality in terms of nitrites, regardless of the required concentration value of nitrites, the ATV method is absolutely not suitable, while ASM2d, taking into account the fact that it is based on the formulas of enzymatic kinetics, provides for calculating aeration tanks for any required effluent quality in terms of both ammonium nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen and is applicable for any type of wastewater.

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 934-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Zhou ◽  
Weimin Qiao ◽  
Can Xing ◽  
Yingjun Wang ◽  
Chunying Wang ◽  
...  

A modified sludge process reduction activated sludge (SPRAS) technology was developed by inserting a sludge process reduction (SPR) module, composed of an aeration tank and a settler, before the activated sludge system was proposed in this study. Compared with the anaerobic/anoxic/aerobic (AAO) process, the SPRAS resulted in a remarkable decrease in sludge production by 76.6%; sludge decay owing to lengthy solids retention time (about 121.5 d) could be the major cause. During the 217-day operation, the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) (from 54 to −198 mV) and pH (from 7.8 to 5.0) at the bottom of the SPR settler gradually decreased, and low ORP and pH were in favor of sludge reduction in the SPRAS system. The insertion of the SPR module improved the removal efficiencies of suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand and ammonium nitrogen, and total nitrogen concentration in the effluent was reduced from 23.89 ± 4.82 to 14.16 ± 3.98 mg/L by 50% influent bypassing the SPR module. These results indicated that the SPRAS process could produce much less excess sludge and guarantee better effluent quality than the AAO process.


1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Chambers

In the UK there are about 7500 sewage treatment works of which 85% serve populations of less than 5000. Many of the smaller works do not comply with effluent quality standards and options for improving treatment are being pursued by many water companies. WRc have developed designs for packaged activated sludge systems to serve populations in the range 100 - 1000 persons. A detailed design has been completed for a population equivalent of about 600. Target effluent quality is 15:20:5 mg/l of BOD, SS and ammonia nitrogen respectively on a 95 percentile basis. The activated sludge system is designed to operate as a batch process with aeration and sludge settlement both occurring in the same tank. Batch operated activated sludge plants are known to produce sludges with good settling properties providing the influent wastewater is admitted into the aeration tank in controlled manner. Therefore a specially designed holding tank has been included as the first stage in the treatment sequence. All process tanks are specified as glass-coated steel installed on a flat concrete base. Target construction cost for 600 population is ₤350 per capita.


2002 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.R. Alavi Moghaddam ◽  
H. Satoh ◽  
T. Mino

A coarse pore filter can be applied inside the aeration tank instead of sedimentation tank for liquid separation from the sludge. It has pores, which are irregular in shape, and much bigger than micro-filtration membrane pores in size. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of important operational parameters such as flux, aeration intensity, and solid retention time (SRT) on the performance of the coarse pore filtration activated sludge process. The effect of these parameters was studied in laboratory scale experiments. It was found that the flux had a significant role in the effluent quality of this system. The effluent SS and turbidity were not changed significantly at different aeration intensities. Three SRTs, 10, 30 and longer days (without excess sludge) were used for three reactors to check the effect of this parameter on the system performance. The results of the reactors with SRTs about 10 and 30 days have shown very good effluent quality without any filter clogging for more than 4 months operation. For the reactor with long SRT, the filter clogging was observed after about 80 days of operation, which caused the increase of the operation pressure and deterioration in the effluent quality for a few days.


2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Akunna ◽  
C. Jefferies

Field trials were carried out using two types of package units designed for the treatment of domestic sewage from individual households. One of the units was a commercially available rotating biological contactor (RBC) system. The other was a newly developed sequencing batch reactor (SBR) system. Trials were carried at the site of a local sewage treatment plant where degritted raw sewage from a combined sewerage network was fed to the two units for a period of four months. Both units produced good effluent quality, well below 20/30 (BOD/SS) during steady-state performance. However, shorter start-up time was observed with the SBR unit together with better effluent quality (up to BOD<10 mg/l and SS<15 mg/l). Furthermore, the SBR unit produced effluents with ammonia nitrogen and total phosphorus levels of 3 mg/l and 2 mg/l respectively, for influent levels that varied from 20 to 60 mg N-NH3/l and from 15 to 17 mg/l of total phosphorus. On the other hand, significant nutrient removal did not seem tohave occurred in the RBC unit. During testing to meet the requirements of British Standard (BS 6297), it was observed that the SBR can tolerate shockloads and periods following zero flow better than the RBC unit.


1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
pp. 249-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Dilek Çetin ◽  
Gülerman Sürücü

In efficient and economical treatment of wastewaters,the settleability of activated sludge is of prime importance. Efficient settlement in the secondary sedimentation tank is required, both to keep the desired effluent quality and to sustain the necessary amount of microorganisms in the aeration tank. On the other hand, the settleability of microorganisms in the secondary clarifier is very dependent on the physiological and biochemical nature of activated sludge flocs, which are determined by the conditions of the aeration tank. In this research, effects of temperature and pH of aeration basin on settleability of activated sludge were studied. Settleability was measured by zone settling velocity and sludge volume index (SVI). Five different temperatures and four different pH values were operated in the aeration basin. It was found that the settleability of activated sludge is greatly affected by these two parameters.


2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1636-1642
Author(s):  
Sizhi Cao ◽  
Peigui Liu ◽  
Mingchao Liu ◽  
Gang Wang ◽  
Zaili Li ◽  
...  

Abstract In this study, column experiments in the laboratory were set up to examine how the concentrations of nitrate nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, and ammonia nitrogen changed when a nitrate-rich solution was passed through a medium comprising zero-valent iron, activated carbon, zeolite, and coarse sand. We varied the proportions of the components of the medium to determine how it influenced the nitrate removal and nitrogen fractions. Three different scenarios were used, with: (1) iron, activated carbon, and coarse sand at a ratio of 3:1:6; (2) iron, activated carbon, and zeolite at a ratio of 3:1:6; and (3) iron, activated carbon, and zeolite at a ratio of 3:3:4. The nitrate nitrogen concentration decreased from 25 mg/L to 2 mg/L in the first scenario. Removal was better when zeolite was added to the medium as most of the nitrate nitrogen broke down to ammonia nitrogen, with nitrite nitrogen as an intermediate product. The results of the tests showed that nitrate removal was best when the medium was iron, activated carbon, and zeolite, mixed at a ratio of 3:1:6. This study provides a scientific reference for in situ remediation of nitrate pollution in groundwater.


2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 528-531
Author(s):  
Li Na He ◽  
Hua Ye ◽  
Can Cao ◽  
Ying Fen Li

Large quantities of ammonia-nitrogen (-N) in wastewater is one of the main causes of eutrophication that endanger both natural water bodies and fresh water seriously. Thus, it is necessary to find an economic and feasible method to remove the ammonium-nitrogen in wastewater before they are returned to the environment. Magnesium ammonium phosphate precipitation method is one of the effective technology of wastewater treatment. In this paper, the influence of initial ammonia-nitrogen concentration, pH, temperature and mole ratio of :NH+4 :Mg2+were studied, What is more, the optimum condition of this process was determined. The results indicated that ammonia-nitrogen concentration is decreased from 1434 mg/L to 95.65 mg/L, and the removal rate reached 93.33% at the optimum conditions, which laying a foundation for the following biochemical treatment.


2015 ◽  
Vol 1092-1093 ◽  
pp. 933-937
Author(s):  
Xin Ran Jiang ◽  
Li Na Zheng ◽  
Xing Ai ◽  
Lin Zhang ◽  
Wei Nan Wu

Using the mixed filling reaction column, this article examines that the influence of different inlet flow rate on the removal of nitrate nitrogen in groundwater, respectively by 90mL/h, 150 mL/h, 210mL/h velocity, under 30 °C each run five days, comparativly studies the influence of velocity on denitrification. The results show that the flow rate has an important effect on the denitrification of water, when the water inlet velocity decreased from 150mL/h to 90mL/h, the concentration of nitrate nitrogen reaction column effluent decreased gradually, and the denitrification of nitrite nitrogen accumulation system has been in a low level, but the ammonia nitrogen accumulation only in the flow rate of 90mL/h, began when the flow rate decreased significantly; also increased from 90mL/h to 210mL/h, the effluent nitrate nitrogen concentration, nitrite nitrogen concentration and ammonia nitrogen concentration increased significantly.


Author(s):  
M. M. Biliaiev ◽  
M. V. Lemesh ◽  
V. O. Zadoia ◽  
P. B. Mashykhina ◽  
L. H. Tatarko ◽  
...  

Purpose. The main purpose of the article is to develop a numerical model for the analysis of the process of biological wastewater treatment in a reactor with a mobile biocenosis. Methodology. For mathematical modeling of the process of biological wastewater treatment in a reactor with a moving biocenosis, a hydrodynamic model of a non-viscous vortex-free flow is used. We calculated the boundary conditions for the modeling equation on the surfaces of the bioreactor, solid walls, and the upper surface; at the inlet boundary; at the outlet boundary from the building. To calculate the process of movement of activated sludge and substrate in the bioreactor, a mass transfer model is used, which takes into account the convective-diffusion movement of the substrate and activated sludge. The process of biological water purification in that part of the bioreactor where there are no mobile biocenosis carriers will be calculated based on the Monod model. The process of biological water purification in the part of the bioreactor where there are mobile carriers is calculated on the basis of an empirical model in three stages. The first stage is determined using the Harremoes model. At the second stage, the rate of substrate «consumption» in the biofilm is calculated. At the third stage, the change in the substrate concentration in the zone where the biocenosis carriers are located is determined due to convective movement, substrate diffusion in the flow and its destruction in the biofilm on the carriers. The chaotic motion of biocenosis carriers in the reactor is modeled based on the parabolic diffusion equation. Finite-difference schemes are used for numerical integration of modeling equations. Findings. The software implementation of the constructed numerical model is carried out. A computational experiment to determine the efficiency of biological wastewater treatment in different parts of the bioreactor was conducted. Originality. An effective multifactorial numerical model has been created, which allows quick analysis of the efficiency of biological wastewater treatment in an aeration tank with mobile biocenosis carriers. Practical value. The created two-dimensional numerical model can be used for serial calculations at the stage of designing biological wastewater treatment systems and analysis of the efficiency of bioreactors under different operating conditions.


2020 ◽  
Vol 207 ◽  
pp. 01026
Author(s):  
Igor Gulshin ◽  
Nikolay Makisha

The article presents the results of evaluating the ability of activated sludge, saturated with anammox bacteria, to adapt to mesophilic and lower temperature operating conditions. As the main temperature regimes, temperatures of 30, 25, 15, and 13°C were selected. The system has demonstrated stable operation at temperatures about 15°C with the highest degree of purification for ammonium nitrogen - 0.33 mg/L. At the same time, the concentration of nitrites reached 0.07 mg/L taking into account forced nitration. An additional increase in the efficiency of the system requires structural changes in the adopted technological scheme of the bioreactor, however, the introduction of an internal system of recirculation of attached biomass (with load) inside the anammox compartment is considered as an essential element of the system that ensures stability.


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