scholarly journals Properties of the lightweight aggregate modified with the spent zeolite sorbents after sorption of diesel fuel

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 073-083
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Franus ◽  
Lidia Bandura
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Volumetric Density

The paper presents the possibility of modification of the lightweight aggregate with mineral sorbents after sorption of petroleum substances. The aggregate is obtained with the plastic method by burning at 1170°C. Evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties was based on the parameters such as specific gravity, bulk density and volumetric density, porosity, water absorption, frost resistance and resistance to crushing. The investigated properties indicate that the resulting lightweight aggregate with the addition of used sorbents meets the basic requirements for the lightweight aggregates used in construction.

Evaluation of applicability of expanded shale to produce lightweight aggregate as a replacement for commercial LECA in constructions

2021 ◽  
pp. qjegh2020-176
Author(s):  
Mehdi Torabi-Kaveh ◽  
Mohammadreza Moshrefyfar ◽  
Jafar Zarezadeh ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Ali Moosavizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Mineralogical Composition ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Porous Microstructure ◽  
Expanded Shale

This study examined the potential of some shales obtained from different formations in Yazd province to produce Lightweight aggregates (LWAs) as natural materials and without the application of additives. Before heating the samples, the materials' usefulness for producing lightweight aggregates was examined by detecting the elemental and mineralogical composition of the shale samples. The presence of aluminosilicates and flux content confirmed and met the required conditions discussed by Riley's theory for the bloating process. Among the studied shale samples, Kharanagh shale samples of Kh1 and Kh2 were found as the most suitable materials to produce highly porous, light and mechanically durable aggregates after heating at the optimum temperature of 1200°C for a heating duration of 10min. The produced LWAs showed low density (for sample Kh1 equal to 0.7gr/cm3 which is close to the commercial LECA), low water absorption (quick water absorption indices of 5.35% and 5.48% for samples Kh1 and Kh2, respectively, which are less than one-third of LECA water absorption), porous microstructure (porous like LECA but with smaller pore size), and good mechanical properties (with aggregate impact and aggregate crushing values less than that of LECA and in the range of values suggested for construction aims). Finally, it was revealed that the produced LWAs have suitable microstructure, physical and mechanical properties, comparable with the commercial ones, which approve their potential for use as construction materials in lightweight concrete and road surface constructions.

Effect of Alumina (Al2O3) to the Properties of Whiteware Porcelain

2020 ◽  
Vol 1010 ◽  
pp. 194-199
Author(s):  
Hamdan Yahya ◽  
Aspaniza Ahmad ◽  
Ismail Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Porcelain Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alumina Content ◽  
Crystalline Phases ◽  
Mullite Phase

The effect of Al2O3 to the properties of whiteware porcelain such as water absorption, bulk density, flexural strength and crystalline phases were studied systematically. The result shows that the addition of alumina at maximum 5 wt.% in porcelain bodies increased the flexural strength of the fired bodies which can reach 55.5 MPa, 30% higher than 0.0% alumina content. However, slight decrease in the other physical and mechanical properties was observed with Al2O3 addition higher than 5 wt.%, which is believed to be due to increased corundum phase compared to mullite phase in porcelain body.

scholarly journals Influence of different sheet compositions and commercial adhesives on the performance of multilaminated plywood

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine Setter ◽  
Uasmim Lira Zidanes ◽  
Eduardo Hélio de Novais Miranda ◽  
Flávia Maria Silva Brito ◽  
Lourival Marin Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Urea Formaldehyde ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Forest Species ◽  
Specific Pressure

Abstract The quality of plywood panels depends on factors such as the forest species and the adhesive used in their production, and understanding the interferences of these factors in the final properties of the plywood is of fundamental importance. The study aimed to develop multilaminate plywood panels with two forest species and two types of adhesive and to evaluate the influences of these factors (forest species and adhesive) on the physical and mechanical properties of the plywood. The panels were produced with sheets of parica and pine with two types of adhesives, urea-formaldehyde and phenol-formaldehyde, with a weight of 150 g/cm². Then, each set was pressed for 10 minutes under a specific pressure of 0.98 MPa at a temperature of 150 °C. Three panels were produced for each type of blade and adhesive, totaling four treatments. The plywood was evaluated for physical properties (humidity, bulk density, and water absorption) and mechanical properties (parallel and perpendicular static flexion and resistance to mechanical shear). The results showed that the forest species had a greater influence on physical and mechanical properties, with the best results being observed for plywood produced with pine. The panels with sheets of parica and phenol-formaldehyde adhesive showed less moisture. The apparent density of the panels should be considered as it positively influenced the mechanical properties and negatively impacted water absorption. It is concluded that the plywood produced can be used for internal and external applications. However, it is indicated for structural purposes as it did not meet the requirements of the NBR 31.000.001/2:2001.

scholarly journals Physical and Mechanical Properties of a Porous Material Obtained by Low Replacement of Volcanic Ash by Aluminum Beverage Cans

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Bernard Missota Priso Dickson ◽  
Claudine Mawe Noussi ◽  
Louise Ndongo Ebongue ◽  
Joseph Dika Manga
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Porous Material ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Inorganic Polymers

This study focuses on the evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of a porous material based on a mixture of powder (Volcanic ash /Aluminum Beverage Cans) and a solution of phosphoric acid. Volcanic ash (VA) use was collected in one of the quarries of Mandjo (Cameroon coastal region), crushed, then characterized by XRF, DRX, FTIR and named MaJ. The various polymers obtained are called MaJ0, MaJ2.5, MaJ5, MaJ7.5 and MaJ10 according to the mass content of the additions of the powder from the aluminum beverage cans (ABCs). The physical and mechanical properties of the synthetic products were evaluated by determining the apparent porosity, bulk density, water absorption and compressive strength. The results of this study show that the partial replacement of the powder of VA by that of ABC leads to a reduction in the compressive strength (5.9 - 0.8 MPa) and bulk density (2.56 – 1.32 g/cm3) of the polymers obtained. On the other hand, apparent porosity, water absorption and pore formation within the polymers increases with addition of the powder from the beverage cans. All of these results allow us to agree that the ABCs powder can be used as a blowing agent during the synthesis of phosphate inorganic polymers.

scholarly journals The Effects of Additives to Lightweight Aggregate on the Mechanical Properties of Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-160
Author(s):  
Mehdi Khoshvatan ◽  
Majid Pouraminia
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate ◽  
Lightweight Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Structural Concrete ◽  
Aggregate Concrete ◽  
Structural Lightweight Aggregate Concrete

Abstract In the paper, the effects of different percentages of additives (perlite, LECA, pumice) on the mechanical properties of structural lightweight aggregate concrete were tested and evaluated. For the research, 14 mixing designs with different amounts of aggregate, water, and cement were made. Experimental results showed that the specific gravity of lightweight structural concrete made from a mixture of LECA, pumice, and perlite aggregates could be 25-30% lighter than conventional concrete. Lightweight structural concrete with a standard specific gravity can be achieved by using a combination of light LECA with perlite lightweight aggregates (LA) and pumice with perlite in concrete. The results indicated that LECA lightweight aggregates show more effective behavior in the concrete sample. Also, the amount of cement had a direct effect on increasing the strength regardless of the composition of LAs. The amount of cement causes compressive strength to increase. Furthermore, the stability of different experimental models increased from 156 to 345 kg m 3 while increasing the amount of cement from 300 to 400 kg m 3 in the mixing designs of LECA and perlite for W/C ratios of 0.3, 0.35, and 0.4. For a fixed amount of cement equal to 300 kg, the compressive strength is reduced by 4% by changing the water to cement ratio from 0.5 to 0.4. The compression ratios of strength for 7 to 28 days obtained in this study for lightweight concrete were between 0.67-0.8. Based on the rate of tensile strength to compressive strength of ordinary concretes, which is approximately 10, this ratio is about 13.5 to-17.8 in selected and optimal lightweight concretes in this research, which can be considered good indirect tensile strength for structural lightweight concretes.

scholarly journals Physical and mechanical properties keramsite obtained with added glauconite

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 005-014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Franus
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Materials Used

This paper presents the assessment of the physical and mechanical properties lightweight of aggregate obtained from the addition of expanded clay mineral clay – glauconite and clay from the bed, “Buda Mszczonowska”. Crushed plastic was prepared by firing at a temperature of over 1170 ° C. Evaluation of physical parameters was based on parameters such as density, bulk density and bulk density, tightness, porosity, water absorption. The study of mechanical properties was carried out on the basis of aggregate hardiness, resistance to crushing, abrasion in the drum Los Angeles. In addition, the compounds were determined in the aggregate coloring. Use glauconite in the lightweight of aggregate is beneficial for the texture of the sinter resulting in the formation of a glassy layer on the surface of the granules, and by increasing their porosity. Investigated the properties indicate that the resulting lightweight of aggregate with glauconite meets the basic requirements for materials used in construction.

scholarly journals Study on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Ancient Clay Brick Samples of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagadeesh Bhattarai ◽  
Dol Bahadur Ghale ◽  
Yagya Prasad Chapagain ◽  
Narendra Bahadur Bohara ◽  
Nijan Duwal
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Apparent Porosity ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Clay Brick

Physical and mechanical properties of seven ancient clay brick samples of Kathmandu valley consisting of quartz, feldspars, spinel, margarite, muscovite type of mica mineral and hematite were studied using ASTM standards. All the brick samples used in this study have the water absorption, apparent porosity and bulk density in the range of 10-28 percent, 17-33 percent and 1.2-1.8 g/cm3, respectively, while the compressive strength of all the brick samples is found to be in the range of 5-23 MPa. The bulk density of the tile samples is found to be increased with decreasing the water absorption and apparent porosity. The compressive strength of all the clay brick samples can be correlated with their physical properties. Consequently, durability of the ancient bricks is directly influenced by their physical properties of water absorption, apparent porosity and bulk density.

scholarly journals NONSTANDARD RAW MATERIALS FOR ANORTHITE CERAMICS PRODUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 122-128
Author(s):  
V. A. Vlasov ◽  
M. A. Semenovykh ◽  
N. K. Skripnikova ◽  
V. V. Shekhovtsov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Frost Resistance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Regulatory Documents ◽  
Ceramic Mixture

The paper analyzes the Russian and foreign research into the use of nonstandard raw materials in the production of constructional anorthite ceramics. The raw materials with different chemical composition are investigated. It is shown that the use of nonstandard raw materials in the ceramic mixture makes it possible to obtain constructional products with 43.1 MPa compressive strength, 2150 kg/m3 density, about 7 % water absorption and frost resistance that meets the requirements of regulatory documents. The physical and mechanical properties are obtained due to the anorthite phase containing in the composition of end ceramic products, which is confirmed by the X-ray phase and microscopic analyses.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Types of Fibers on the Physical and Mechanical Properties of MICP-Treated Calcareous Sand

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Jitong Zhao ◽  
Huawei Tong ◽  
Yi Shan ◽  
Jie Yuan ◽  
Qiuwang Peng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Glass Fiber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyester Fiber ◽  
Engineering Properties ◽  
Fiber Types ◽  
Calcite Precipitation ◽  
Calcareous Sand ◽  
Hemp Fiber

Microbial-induced calcite precipitation (MICP) has been a promising method to improve geotechnical engineering properties through the precipitation of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) on the contact and surface of soil particles in recent years. In the present experiment, water absorption and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests were carried out to investigate the effects of three different fiber types (glass fiber, polyester fiber, and hemp fiber) on the physical and mechanical properties of MICP-treated calcareous sand. The fibers used were at 0%, 0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35%, and 0.40% relative to the weight of the sand. The results showed that the failure strain and ductility of the samples could be improved by adding fibers. Compared to biocemented sand (BS), the water absorption of these three fiber-reinforced biocemented sands were, respectively, decreased by 11.60%, 21.18%, and 7.29%. UCS was, respectively, increased by 24.20%, 60.76%, and 6.40%. Polyester fiber produced the best effect, followed by glass fiber and hemp fiber. The optimum contents of glass fiber and polyester fiber were 0.20% and 0.25%, respectively. The optimum content of hemp fiber was within the range of 0.20–0.25%. Light-emitting diode (LED) microscope and scanning electron microscope (SEM) images lead to the conclusion that only a little calcite precipitation had occurred around the hemp fiber, leading to a poor bonding effect compared to the glass and polyester fibers. It was therefore suggested that polyester fiber should be used to improve the properties of biocemented sand.

Properties of Artificial Lightweight Aggregates (ALAs) Made of Dredged Soil Mixed with Waste Catalyst Slag

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 1079-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Nae Jo ◽  
Yoo Tack Kim ◽  
Seung Gu Kang ◽  
Chang Sam Kim
Keyword(s):  
Specific Gravity ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Lightweight Concrete ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Lightweight Aggregates ◽  
Dredged Soil ◽  
Porous Carriers ◽  
Black Core ◽  
Sintering Method

The artificial lightweight aggregates (ALAs) were manufactured using dredged soil produced at thermal power plant and waste catalyst slag by direct sintering method at 1050~1250°C for 10min. The ALAs of 100% dredged soil showed the black core phenomenon even at the low sintering temperature as 1050°C and become lightened by bloating pores in black core area with sintering temperature. On the other hand, the aggregates with 100% waste catalyst slag did not showed black coring and bloating phenomenon and had the low forming ability and many cracks inside. Adding the dredged soil to the waste catalyst slag decrease the specific gravity by promoting the black coring and bloating inside. The water absorption(%) of ALAs decreased with sintering temperature. The ALAs fabricated in this study showed the specific gravity of 0.8~2.0 and water absorption of 2~16% so it could be applied to various fields such as the lightweight concrete or the field of the porous carriers for purification of a contaminated soil or water.

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