scholarly journals Gambaran Hasil CT-Scan Toraks pada Pasien Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia R. E. Malaru ◽  
Alfa G. E. Y. Rondo ◽  
Christilia G. Wagiu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
First Case ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

Abstract: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Indonesia reported its first case in March 2, 2020. Cases are increasing and spreading rapidly throughout Indonesia. One of the main imaging modalities for examination of COVID-19 is chest computed tomography scan (CT-scan) which plays an important role in detection, evaluation of severity, and follow-up of disease course. This study was aimed to obtain the description of CT scan results in patients with COVID-19. This was a literature review study using three databases, namely Pubmed, ClinicalKey, and ScienceDirect. The keywords used were COVID-19 AND Chest CT. Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 10 literatures selected. It was found that chest CT results could accurately evaluate the features and extent of lung lesions. The typical CT-scan results were ground-glass opacities (GGO), GGO with mixed consolidation, adjacent pleural thickening, interlobular septal thickening, and air bronchogram. Based on age, sex, and comorbidities, there was not any significant differences in chest CT findings. In conclusion, GGO, air bronchogram, and consolidation were found in chest CT-scan of COVID-19 patients. Meanwhile, based on age, sex, and comorbidities there were no significant differences in chest CT-scan.Keywords: COVID-19, chest CT-scan Abstrak: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) merupakan suatu penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Indonesia melaporkan kasus pertama pada tanggal 2 Maret 2020. Kasus meningkat dan menyebar dengan cepat di seluruh wilayah Indonesia. Salah satu modalitas pencitraan utama yang menjadi pilihan untuk pemeriksaan COVID-19 ialah Computed Tomography Scan (CT-scan) toraks yang berperan penting dalam deteksi, evaluasi keparahan, dan tindak lanjut perjalanan penyakit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran hasil CT-scan pada pasien COVID-19. Jenis penelitian ialah literature review dengan pencarian data menggunakan tiga database yaitu Pubmed, ClinicalKey, ScienceDirect. Kata kunci yang digunakan yaitu COVID-19 AND Chest CT. Hasil seleksi berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi mendapatkan 10 literatur. Didapatkan hasil CT-scan toraks dapat secara akurat mengevaluasi fitur dan luas lesi paru dan CT-scan yang khas ialah ground-glass opacities (GGO), GGO dengan konsolidasi campuran, penebalan pleura yang berdekatan, penebalan septum interlobular, dan bronkogram udara. Pada temuan CT-scan toraks berdasarkan usia, dan jenis kelamin tidak didapatkan perbedaan bermakna. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah terdapat GGO, air bronchogram, dan konsolidasi pada CT-scan toraks pasien COVID-19 sedangkan berdasarkan usia, jenis kelamin, dan komorbid tidak ditemukan perbedaan bermakna.Kata kunci: COVID-19, CT-scan toraks

scholarly journals Successful treatment of pyopneumothorax secondary to Streptococcus constellatus infection with linezolid: a case report and review of the literature

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaorui Zhang ◽  
Binbin Xiao ◽  
Zhixin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Rare Event ◽  
Good Choice ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Streptococcus Constellatus ◽  
First Case ◽  
Drug Sensitivity Test ◽  
Lung Condition ◽  
Tomography Scan

Abstract Background Pyopneumothorax secondary to Streptococcus constellatus infection is a clinically rare event, and few cases have been reported. Case presentation We report the case of a 55-year-old Han Chinese man with underlying diabetes who presented with fever of 17 days duration. A pulmonary computed tomography scan revealed right-sided massive pyopneumothorax. A culture of the pleural effusion and blood grew S. constellatus. A drug sensitivity test showed that the isolate was sensitive to linezolid, penicillin G, cefotaxime, vancomycin, and cefuroxime. Our patient was treated with linezolid for a total of 6 weeks. Subsequently, his chest computed tomography scan showed improved lung condition. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of pyopneumothorax secondary to S. constellatus to be treated with linezolid. Pyopneumothorax may be caused by streptococcal infection, and linezolid is another good choice for treatment.

scholarly journals Are RNA-Based Tests Sufficient for COVID-19 Diagnosis? An Inspiration of Three Asymptomatic Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 096368972098545
Author(s):  
Tao Hu ◽  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Qinan Yin ◽  
Xingting Duan ◽  
Li Yan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Nucleic Acid ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
The Other ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
History Of ◽  
Tomography Scan ◽  
Nucleic Acid Tests

In this work, we discovered a new phenomenon—asymptomatic COVID-19 infection, or covert case, during the pandemic. All the 3 patients had a history of exposure, with no symptoms, and no abnormalities were found in computed tomography scan or lab tests. Except for case 2, the other patients’ severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) nucleic acid tests were negative. But their anti-SARS-COV-2 nucleocapsid antibody showed a dynamic trend, consistent with the process of virus infection and clearance. A growing number of asymptomatic or covert cases need more attention. Lack of surveillance may lead to another outbreak. We hope to demonstrate our cases to attract the attention of governments or health authorities that covert cases should be the focus as well.

scholarly journals (F)utility of computed tomography of the chest in the presence of pleural effusion

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilak Pathak ◽  
Malvinder S. Parmar
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Plain Chest ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

AbstractBackgroundPleural effusion is common and can cause significant morbidity. The chest X-ray is often the initial radiological test, but additional tests may be required to reduce uncertainty and to provide additional diagnostic information. However, additional exposure and unnecessary costs should be prevented. The objective of the study was to assess the clinical benefit of an additional chest computed tomography (CT) scan over plain chest X-ray alone in the management of patients with pleural effusion.MethodsRetrospective analysis in 94 consecutive patients with pleural effusion who underwent chest X-ray and CT scan over an 18-month period in a single institution. All chest X-ray and CT scan reports were compared and correlated with clinical parameters in order to assess their utility in the clinical management. No blinding was applied.ResultsIn 75 chest CT scan reports (80 %), information provided by the radiologist did not change clinical management when compared to plain chest X-ray alone and did not provide any additional information over chest X-ray. Only 2/49 (4 %) of the native chest CT scan reports provided clinically relevant information as compared to 17/45 (38 %) contrast-enhanced chest CT scan reports (p<0.001).ConclusionsIn this retrospective cohort of patients with pleural effusion, an additional chest CT scan was not useful in the majority of patients. However, if a chest CT scan is required, then a contrast-enhanced study after pleural aspiration should be performed. Further prospective studies are required to confirm these findings.

scholarly journals Unexpected tumor response to palliative pelvic radiotherapy in mismatch repair-deficient advanced prostate cancer: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Aluisio ◽  
Ercole Mazzeo ◽  
Frank Lohr ◽  
Federica Fiocchi ◽  
Stefania Bettelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mismatch Repair ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
First Case ◽  
Repair Deficiency ◽  
Tomography Scan

Abstract Background Mismatch-repair-deficiency resulting in microsatellite instability (MSI) may confer increased radiosensitivity in locally advanced/metastatic tumors and thus radiotherapy (RT) potentially might have a changing role in treating this subset of patients, alone or in combination with checkpoint inhibitors. Case presentation We report a 76 year-old Italian male patient presenting with locally advanced undifferentiated prostate cancer (LAPC), infiltrating bladder and rectum. Molecular analysis revealed high-MSI with an altered expression of MSH2 and MSH6 at immunohistochemistry. Two months after 6 chemotherapy cycles with Docetaxel associated to an LHRH analogue, a computed tomography scan showed stable disease. After palliative RT (30 Gy/10 fractions) directed to the tumor mass with a 3D-conformal setup, a follow-up computed tomography scan at 8 weeks revealed an impressive response that remained stable at computed tomography after 9 months, with sustained biochemical response. To our knowledge, this is the first case of such a sustained response to low dose RT alone in high-MSI LAPC. Conclusions Routine evaluation of MSI in patients with locally problematic advanced tumors might change treatment strategy and treatment aim in this setting, from a purely palliative approach to a quasi-curative paradigm.

scholarly journals Specificity of chest computed tomography in COVID-19-associated pneumonia: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
T. A. Korb ◽  
P. V. Gavrilov ◽  
V. Yu. Chernina ◽  
I. A. Blokhin ◽  
O. O. Aleshina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Chest Ct ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Chest Computed Tomography ◽  
Moscow City ◽  
Attending Physician ◽  
Chest Ct Scan

Aim: To assess the specificity of COVID-19- associated pneumonia detection by radiologists using a chest CT scan.Materials and methods: From mid-February to early March 2020, 65  patients have been retrospectively selected from the Moscow City Clinical Hospital database; all of them had been treated in an inpatient facility with a  verified diagnosis of COVID-19. In addition, 75  patients from the Unified Radiological Information Service have been randomly selected. In December 2019, these outpatients had been sent by an attending physician for a  chest CT scan with suspected pneumonia. The imaging studies showed non-specific inflammation signs in the lungs. All 140  scans were analyzed by seven radiologists from different Russian cities, who independently categorized each study as “COVID-19” or “Other pneumonia”.Results: Chest computed tomography had a  92%  specificity in the differential diagnosis of COVID-19-associated pneumonia, and its specificity in the general population is expected to be at least 80% with a high probability. The inter-rater variability was low (coefficient of variation for specificity 12.6%). The sensitivity in our study was 76.2%, and the coefficient of variation for sensitivity 23.5%. These findings are generally consistent with other studies. The primary study limitation is the absence of a sample with confirmed pneumonia caused by other viruses.Conclusion: Chest CT is highly specific for the detection of COVID-19-associated pneumonia.

scholarly journals Hubungan Antara Kadar DNA Plasma Virus Epstein Barr Dengan Stadium Klinis Karsinoma Nasofaring WHO Tipe 3

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 165
Author(s):  
Putranti Dyahayu Roziaty ◽  
Soehartono Soehartono ◽  
Hendradi Surjotomo
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Epstein Barr Virus ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Barr Virus ◽  
Ebv Dna ◽  
Epstein Barr ◽  
Tomography Scan

Latar Belakang: Karsinoma nasofaring (KNF) merupakan keganasan yang tersering ditemukan, dan berdampak pada penurunan kualitas hidup serta memiliki mortalitas tinggi. Penanganan KNF selama ini terkendala oleh waktu tunggu yang cukup lama dalam menentukan staging KNF terutama untuk antrian pemeriksaan computed tomography scan (CT scan) dan Ultrasonography (USG). Pemeriksaan kadar DNA EBV (Deoxyribonucleic acid Epstein-Barr Virus) pada pasien yang relatif lebih mudah dan terjangkau dapat digunakan untuk memprediksi stadium dan prognosis KNF. Dengan mengetahui prognosis KNF lebih dini, maka diharapkan penanganan terhadap KNF dapat segera dilakukan. Tujuan: Mengetahui apakah kadar DNA EBV dapat dipakai untuk memprediksi stadium dan prognosis KNF dengan cara mencari hubungan antara kadar DNA EBV dengan stadium KNF. Metode: Penelitian cross sectional melibatkan 15 subjek penelitian yang terdiagnosis KNF WHO tipe 3 kemudian dilakukan staging dengan CT scan, USG abdomen, dan foto toraks, serta diambil sampel darah untuk diukur kadar DNA EBV. Hasil: Seluruh subjek penelitian mengalami peningkatan kadar DNA EBV sesuai dengan peningkatan stadium KNF. Peningkatan stadium KNF berhubungan signifikan dengan peningkatan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,001). Ukuran tumor (T) berhubungan signifikan dengan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,023), ukuran nodul (N) berhubungan signifikan dengan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,005), ada tidaknya metastasis tidak berhubungan signifikan dengan kadar DNA EBV (p=0,398). Nilai cut off kadar DNA EBV sebesar 952 kopi/ml. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar DNA EBV dengan stadium klinis, dengan demikian kadar DNA EBV dapat dipertimbangkan untuk digunakan sebagai prediktor stadium dan prognosis KNF. Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the predominant tumor type arising in the nasopharynx,  with a high mortality and affecting quality of life.  NPC treatment  management is hindered by long queues of Computed Tomography Scan (CT scan) and Ultrasonography (USG) examinations to ascertain the NPC staging. The examination of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) DNA level is relatively simpler and inexpensive  to predict the NPC staging and prognosis, thus, it can speed up NPC treatment. Objective: To determine whether EBV DNA level can be used to predict the NPC  stage and prognosis by finding a correlation between EBV DNA level and NPC stage. Method: This was  a cross-sectional study involving 15 respondents who were diagnosed as WHO type 3 NPC, and examined by CT scan, abdominal ultrasound, chest X-ray,  and blood  test for measuring the levels of EBV DNA to determine the stage. Results: All respondents had elevated levels of EBV DNA in accordance with NPC stage elevation. Increased NPC stages were significantly correlated with elevated levels of EBV DNA (p=0.001). The size of tumor (T) was significantly correlated with EBV DNA (p=0.023), the size of nodule (N) was significantly correlated with EBV DNA (p=0.005).  The presence or absence of metastasis did not significantly correlate with EBV DNA (p=0.398). The EBV DNA cut off value was 952 copies/ml. Conclusions: There  was a significant correlation between EBV DNA levels and clinical stages, hence EBV DNA can be considered to be used as NPC staging and prognosis predictor.   

scholarly journals Radiologic Findings of Splenic Abscess: A Report of Two Cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Sule M.B ◽  
Umar A.U ◽  
Gele I.H ◽  
Ribah M.M ◽  
Aliyu A.Z
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Splenic Abscess ◽  
Rare Entity ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Radiologic Findings ◽  
First Case ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Tomography Scan

Splenic abscess is a very rare entity with an incidence of about 0.14-0.7% in autopsy studies. Splenic abscess has been reported to have a mortality rate of about47%, it has various causes but usually associated with trauma and infections of the spleen. We report two cases of splenic abscess; a child with post traumatic cause and a middle aged lady with an unknown cause. Both cases were diagnosed of having the abscess following imaging; the first case had abdominopelvic ultrasound that showed an abscess cavity with a volume of about 11mls and subsequently resolved following medical treatment with intravenous antimicrobial agents. The second case however had an abdominopelvic computed tomography scan that showed a huge splenic abscess with a volume of about 1400mls; she had a successful splenectomy. We report the radiologic findings of these cases due to the rare nature of splenic abscess as reported in the literature.

scholarly journals Anatomic Variations of the Nose in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Correlation between Nasal Endoscopic and Computerized Tomography Scan Findings and a Review of Literature

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17
Author(s):  
Priyanko Chakraborty ◽  
Rajiv K Jain ◽  
Purnima Joshi ◽  
Rakhi Kumari ◽  
Sidharth Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Chronic Rhinosinusitis ◽  
Sinus Surgery ◽  
Anatomic Variations ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Computed Tomography Scan ◽  
Diagnostic Endoscopy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tomography Scan

ABSTRACT Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) refers to a group of disorders characterized by inflammation of the mucosa of the paranasal sinuses. Nasal endoscopy and computed tomography (CT) scans are successfully used as diagnostic modalities of nose and paranasal sinus diseases. There have been many studies regarding the anatomic variations leading to pathogenesis of paranasal sinus diseases. Considerable progress has been made in the medical and surgical control of these conditions; however, a large number of questions relating to the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of the diseases remain unanswered. Materials and methods The study included 82 clinically diagnosed cases of CRS who underwent CT scan and were advised to undergo diagnostic endoscopy. The anatomical findings of the nose were compared to see correlation between nasal endoscopy and CT scan. Results The mean age (±standard error of the mean) of presentation was 34.11 (±1.42) years, while most patients were from the age group of 18 to 30 years. Males were predominating the study group with 62.2%, while 37.8% were females. The most common anatomic variation was deviated nasal septum with 92.68% CT reported patients. This was followed by inferior turbinate hypertrophy, septal spur, concha bullosa, and agger nasi cells. Conclusion Computed tomography scan is considered the gold standard for sinonasal imaging. Diagnostic endoscopy and CT scan are a must prior to any functional endoscopic sinus surgery. They help in assessing the extent of sinus disease and to know the variations and vital relations of the paranasal sinuses. Computed tomography scan assists the surgeon as a “road map” during endoscopic sinus surgery. How to cite this article Chakraborty P, Jain RK, Joshi P, Kumari R, Pradhan S. Anatomic Variations of the Nose in Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Correlation between Nasal Endoscopic and Computerized Tomography Scan Findings and a Review of Literature. Clin Rhinol An Int J 2016;9(1):13-17.

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