scholarly journals Gambaran Penggunaan Alat Kontrasepsi pada Wanita di Indonesia

e-CliniC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fioren G. F. Rotinsulu ◽  
Freddy W. Wagey ◽  
Hermie M. M. Tendean
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Hormonal Contraception ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Contraception Use

Abstract: Population growth rate affects various sectors. Therefore, the National Family Planning (KB) program was established with the aim of reducing Indonesia's population growth rate. This study was aimed to obtain the description of contraception used according to contraception methods in various regions of Indonesia. This was a literature review study. Data were searched by using one database with the specified criteria, which was Google Scholar, and data collection from BKKBN application. The keywords used in literature searching were contraception use AND contraception methods AND Indonesian. After being selected by inclusion and exclusion criteria, there were 12 literatures consisting of 6 descriptive studies, 4 cross sectional studies, 1 purposive sampling study, and 1 secondary data study. The majority of literatures mentioned that contraception method mostly used in various regions of Indonesia was hormonal contraception, in this case injection. It seems that other methods such as vasectomy in males and tubectomy in females were still not preferred. In conclusion, hormonal contraception method namely injection is the mostly used in various regions of Indonesia.Keywords: contraception use, contraception methods Abstrak: Laju pertumbuhan penduduk berpengaruh terhadap berbagai sektor. Program Keluarga Berencana (KB) Nasional dibuat dengan tujuan untuk menekan laju pertumbuhan penduduk Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penggunaan alat kontrasepsi menurut metode alat kontrasepsi di berbagai daerah di Indonesia. Jenis penelitian ialah suatu literature review. Pencarian data menggunakan satu database dengan kriteria yang ditentukan yaitu Google Scholar dan pengambilan data yang berasal dari integrasi aplikasi BKKBN. Kata kunci yang digunakan dalam pencarian artikel ialah Penggunaan kontrasepsi DAN Metode kontrasepsi DAN Indonesia. Hasil seleksi dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi mendapatkan 12 literatur yang terdiri dari 6 penelitian deskriptif, 4 penelitian cross-sectional, 1 penelitian purposive sampling, dan 1 penelitian data sekunder. Didapatkan penggunaan metode alat kontrasepsi di berbagai daerah di Indonesia yang terbanyak ialah kontrasepsi hormonal suntik. Metode alat kontrasepsi yang masih kurang penggunaannya ialah vasektomi atau Metode Operatif Pria (MOP) dan tubektomi atau Metode Operatif Wanita (MOW). Simpulan penelitian ini ialah mayoritas penggunaan metode alat kontrasepsi di berbagai daerah di Indonesia ialah kontrasepsi hormonal suntik.Kata kunci: penggunaan kontrasepsi, metode kontrasepsi

scholarly journals Correlates of Depression Among Elderly Population Residing in a Community in Eastern Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khem Raj Sharma ◽  
Birendra Kumar Yadav ◽  
Meika Battachan
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression

Introduction: With an increase in life expectancy, demographic transition has led to sharp rise in number of elderly population. The elderly population growth rate per year has always been more than the total population growth rate, signifying the start of the ageing dynamics in Nepal. Mental health is a neglected health problem of the elderly in Nepal, with depression topping the list. This needs to be addressed in the national programs for the elderly to bring about an overall improvement in their health status.Objectives: This study was conducted with objectives to identify the prevalence of depression and factors associated with it in an urban municipality of eastern Nepal.Methodology: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted using the Geriatric Depression Scale- Short Form (GDS-SF) with 15 questions to screen for depression with a cutoff of 4/5. Door to door visit was done for data collection and face to face interviews were conducted. Pearson's Chi-square was used and Odds Ratio (OR) with confidence limits was calculated for inferential statistics. Logistic regression analysis was performed for all independent variables significantly associated in the bivariate analysis.Results: Among the 353 study subjects interviewed, depression was identified in 65.2% by GDS-SF. Regression Model showed that age more than 70 years, being in the lower class of Kuppuswamy Socioeconomic scale and elderly who were not satisfied with the respect given by their community had more odds of being depressed.Conclusion: Prevalence of depression among elderly was found to be very high in this study which was significantly associated with older age, low socio-economic status and perceived lack of respect from the community. BJHS 2018;3(1)5 : 325-330

scholarly journals Carrying Capacity of Land in Bali based on Ecological Footprint

2021 ◽  
Vol 903 (1) ◽  
pp. 012014
Author(s):  
A A B Bayu Baskhara Hutama ◽  
A K Muktiwibowo ◽  
Widiastuti ◽  
K E Saputra
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Ecological Footprint ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
National Level ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Average Population

Abstract In 2000-2010, based on data from the Population Census in Bali, the average population growth rate was 2.15% per year, this value was greater than the average population growth rate at the national level of 1.49% per year. The increasing number of population growth results in increased development. This causes an increase in the need for land to accommodate these development activities. The reduced availability of productive land because it is used for development facilities has resulted in reduced land carrying capacity in Bali. The purpose of this study was to analyze the value of the carrying capacity of land in Bali using the Ecological Footprint analysis approach. The research methodology is quantitative focusing on secondary data analysis, based on the mathematical calculation method developed by the Global Footprint Network, which has the term biocapacity which means supply and ecological footprint which means demand. After comparing biocapacity and ecological footprint, the results show that the carrying capacity of land in Bali is generally in deficit. Things that can be done to increase the carrying capacity of land are to reduce the rate of population growth, increase land productivity by intensifying agricultural land, and be wiser in carrying out land conversion in the future.

scholarly journals Perilaku Pemeliharaan Kebersihan Mulut Pengguna Gigi Tiruan Sebagian Lepasan Akrilik

e-GIGI ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Adine V. K. Herwanto ◽  
Christy N. Mintjelungan ◽  
Vonny N. S. Wowor
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Critical Appraisal ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Google Scholar ◽  
Removable Partial Denture ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hygiene Behavior ◽  
Maintenance Behavior

Abstract: Behavior of maintaining denture hygiene is an important factor in the success of denture care. Poor denture hygiene maintenance can cause problems for dental and oral health such as caries, gingivitis, stomatitis, xerostomia, candidiasis, and periodontal disease, especially in users of acrylic-based removable dentures. This study was aimed to obtain the oral hygiene maintenance behavior of denture wearers. This was a literature review study using secondary data sources of the Google Scholar and PubMed databases with keywords, as follows: maintenance behavior, oral hygiene, denture users, acrylic removable partial dentures. Data selection were carried out based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by a critical appraisal. The selection results in six literatures consisting in the form of cross-sectional studies. The results showed that the hygiene behavior of acrylic-based removable dentures in the community was classified as poor. In conclusion, maintenance of oral hygiene behavior of acrylic removable partial denture wearers is classified as poor due to lack of knowledge of most denture wearers to keep their dentures clean.Keywords: maintenance behavior of oral hygiene; denture wearers; acrylic removable partial dentures Abstrak: Perilaku memelihara kebersihan gigi tiruan merupakan faktor penting dalam keberhasilan perawatan gigi tiruan. Pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi tiruan yang kurang baik dapat menimbulkan masalah bagi kesehatan gigi dan mulut seperti karies, gingivitis, stomatitis, xerostomia, kandidiasis, dan penyakit periodontal, terutama pada pengguna gigi tiruan lepasan berbasis akrilik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku pemeliharaan kebersihan mulut pengguna gigi tiruan sebagian lepasan (GTSL) akrilik. Jenis penelitian berbentuk literature review dengan menggunakan sumber data sekunder yang diperoleh melalui pencarian database Google Scholar dan PubMed dengan kata kunci: maintenance behavior, oral hygiene, denture users, acrylic removable partial dentures. Seleksi data dilakukan berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, dilanjutkan dengan critical appraisal. Hasil seleksi mendapatkan enam literatur berbentuk cross-sectional study. Data hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku pemeliharaaan kebersihan gigi tiruan lepasan berbasis akrilik pada masyarakat tergolong kurang baik. Simpulan penelitian ini ialah pemeliharaan kebersihan gigi mulut pengguna gigi tiruan sebagian lepasan akrilik masih tergolong kurang baik karena kurangnya kesadaran dan pengetahuan dari sebagian besar masyarakat mengenai pentingnya menjaga kebersihan gigi tiruan.Kata kunci: perilaku pemeliharaan kebersihan mulut; pengguna gigi tiruan; gigi tiruan sebagian lepasan akrilik

scholarly journals Biological scaling in green algae: the role of cell size and geometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Bestová ◽  
Jules Segrestin ◽  
Klaus von Schwartzenberg ◽  
Pavel Škaloud ◽  
Thomas Lenormand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Population Growth Rate ◽  
Internal Diffusion ◽  
Scaling Exponent ◽  
Power Scaling ◽  
Nutrient Distribution ◽  
Metabolic Scaling ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Size And Morphology

AbstractThe Metabolic Scaling Theory (MST), hypothesizes limitations of resource-transport networks in organisms and predicts their optimization into fractal-like structures. As a result, the relationship between population growth rate and body size should follow a cross-species universal quarter-power scaling. However, the universality of metabolic scaling has been challenged, particularly across transitions from bacteria to protists to multicellulars. The population growth rate of unicellulars should be constrained by external diffusion, ruling nutrient uptake, and internal diffusion, operating nutrient distribution. Both constraints intensify with increasing size possibly leading to shifting in the scaling exponent. We focused on unicellular algae Micrasterias. Large size and fractal-like morphology make this species a transitional group between unicellular and multicellular organisms in the evolution of allometry. We tested MST predictions using measurements of growth rate, size, and morphology-related traits. We showed that growth scaling of Micrasterias follows MST predictions, reflecting constraints by internal diffusion transport. Cell fractality and density decrease led to a proportional increase in surface area with body mass relaxing external constraints. Complex allometric optimization enables to maintain quarter-power scaling of population growth rate even with a large unicellular plan. Overall, our findings support fractality as a key factor in the evolution of biological scaling.

scholarly journals Changes in contraception use among Brazilian women after childbirth, 2006-2013

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Felisbino-Mendes ◽  
B Barrozo Siqueira
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Regional Inequalities ◽  
Unified Health System ◽  
Contraception Use ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Low Prevalence

Abstract Introduction There are gaps in knowledge regarding the neglected and vulnerable subgroups of FP actions in Brazil, such as postpartum women and women in general, regardless of their marital status. Objective To assess changes in the prevalence of use and in the contraceptive pattern of Brazilian women up to two years after pregnancy, between 2006 and 2013. Methods Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study which used secondary data from national surveys. We studied Brazilian women with up to 2 years postpartum, of reproductive age, sexually active, non-pregnant and menstruating, and compared them with all the other women. We estimated the prevalence of use, contraception pattern of contraception and ranking of modern methods. Percentual change in indicators between the years was evaluated by calculating the difference between estimates. Results 85% of Brazilian women used CM, remaining stable in 2006 and 2013, with a high prevalence of modern methods use. An increase in the use of CM was observed among those with up to six months postpartum (71.0% to 89.0%). Pills and condoms accounted for about 60% of modern methods used in the postpartum period in both surveys. There was an increase in dual protection (2.9% to 10.1%) and contraceptive insecurity (1.6% to 5.7%) and a reduction in sterilization (16.2% to 13.4%) and traditional methods (2.1% to 1.4%). Conclusions Even with the maintenance of a high prevalence of use of CM and with the increase in contraception among women with up to six months postpartum, regional inequalities in access to CM and low prevalence of the use of other methods made available by the Unified Health System (SUS) persist, pointing out the maintenance of the insufficient care, failures in the means to regulate fertility and that public policies still hinder to guarantee the sexual and reproductive rights of the most vulnerable population. Key messages Regional inequalities in access to contraceptive methods and low prevalence of other methods made available by the Unified Health System (SUS) persist. There was an increase in contraception use among women with up to six months postpartum in Brazil.

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