Perkembangan Kultur Daun Aglaonema sp. dengan Perlakuan Kombinasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh NAA dan 2,4-D dengan BAP (The Leaf Culture Development of Aglaonema sp. Treated by Combination of NAA, 2,4-D and BAP as Growth Regulators)

Abstrak Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menentukan pengaruh kombinasi NAA dan 2,4-D dengan BAP terhadap perkembangan kultur daun dan konsentrasi yang sesuai untuk induksi kalus tiga kultivar Aglaonema sp. Kultivar-kultivar yang digunakan adalah Dynamic Ruby, Snow White, dan Siam Aurora. Eksplan daun dikulturkan pada medium MS padat dengan perlakuan kombinasi NAA dan 2,4-D dengan BAP. Hasil pengamatan minggu kedelapan menunjukkan ada pengaruh perlakuan zat pengatur tumbuh terhadap perubahan bentuk eksplan daun. Eksplan daun melengkung, bergelombang, membengkak, warna eksplan memucat dan membentuk kalus, tetapi hanya Aglaonema sp. cv. Dynamic Ruby yang mampu membentuk kalus. Kombinasi zat pengatur tumbuh 0,1 ppm 2,4-D and 1 ppm BAP adalah kombinasi yang sesuai untuk induksi kalus untuk Aglaonema sp. cv. Dynamic Ruby. Kata Kunci: Aglaonema, NAA, 2,4-D, BAP, kalus Abstract The objective of this study were to determine the effect of combination of NAA and 2,4-D with BAP toward leaf culture development and to know the best concentration of growth regulator substance to induce callus on leaf explant of three Aglaonema cultivars. The cultivars were Dynamic Ruby, Snow White, and Siam Aurora. Leaf explants were cultured on solid MS medium with addition of various concentration combination of NAA and 2,4-D with BAP. Result of eight week observation gave significantly effect to changes shape leaf. Leaf blade was curved or rolled up, swelled, leaf color became pale strands, and formed callus, but the only cultivar which formed callus was Aglaonema sp. cv. Dynamic Ruby. The conclusion of this study was combination of growth regulator substance 0,1 ppm 2,4-D and 1 ppm BAP are the appropriate combination on callus inducing for Aglaonema sp. cv. Dynamic Ruby. Keywords: Aglaonema, NAA, 2,4-D, BAP, callus

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In vitro callus induction of gerbera from leaf explant

International Journal of Advanced Geosciences ◽

10.14419/ijag.v8i1.30000 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Sadia Afrin Jui ◽

Md. Mijanur Rahman Rajib ◽

M. Mofazzal Hossain ◽

Sharmila Rani Mallik ◽

Iffat Jahan Nur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Leaf Explant ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of growth regulators on leaf explant of Gerbera for callus induction. Various kinds of plant growth regulators such as 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were used to initiate cultures. These were added to Murashige and Skoog medium in different combinations and concentrations. Leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP+ 2, 4-D+ IAA in T4 treatment & BAP+ 2,4-D in T5 treatment showed the best results for callus induction. On the other hand callus was induced early in the combination of BA+ 2,4-D + IAA hormone in T5, T9 & T8 treatment respectively. The rate of callus induction was very low in BA + NAA combinations but it was much earlier.

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Effect of the combination of NAA, kinetin and sucrose on the induction of somatic embryogenesis in lulo (Solanum quitoense Lam.)

Agronomía Colombiana ◽

10.15446/agron.colomb.v32n2.43861 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 170-179 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hernando Criollo ◽

Margarita Perea ◽

Mariano Toribio ◽

Johanna Muñoz

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Plant Propagation ◽

Cotyledonary Leaf

Lulo is a species of great importance to the fruticulture of Colombia, but has significant phytosanitary problems that require an aggressive breeding program oriented toward the production of genotypes with tolerance to phytopathogens. These programs need to establish highly efficient mass plant propagation protocols, such as somatic embryogenesis. This study focused on research on the somatic embryogenesis of lulo using kinetin, naphthalene acetic acid-NAA (Plant Growth Regulators, PGRs), and different sucrose concentrations in a MS medium. Two lulo varieties, Solanum quitoense var. septentrionale and S. quitoense var. quitoense, and two explant types (hypocotyl and cotyledon) were used, incubated in dark conditions at 25±2°C. The highest production percentage of the embryos was obtained when 50 mM of NAA were added to the medium with sucrose (50.0 and 263.1 mM) for the two explant types used. In lulo with spines, the highest percentage of embryonic structures (50%) was observed with cotyledonary leaf explants and 50 mM of NAA ; while in the spineless lulo, the embryonic structures were observed in the same type of explant with 50 mM of NAA + 263.1 mM of sucrose (32%).

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In Vitro Shoot Regeneration of NAA-Pulse Treated Plumular Leaf Explants of Cowpea

Notulae Scientia Biologicae ◽

10.15835/nsb224621 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 60-63 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Muhammad AASIM

Keyword(s):

Somatic Embryogenesis ◽

Shoot Regeneration ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Leaf Explant ◽

Grain Legume ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Pulse Treatment ◽

Mature Embryos ◽

Legume Crop

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) is an economically important grain legume crop and is an important source of dietary protein in many of the developing countries. The present study reports the effect of pulse treatment duration, concentration of NAA and presence of NAA in the culture medium on shoot regeneration from plumular leaf explant of Turkish cowpea cv. ‘Akkiz’ and ‘Karagoz’. Pulse treatment of mature embryos with 20 mg l-1 NAA for 1 and 3 weeks followed by culturing of plumular leaf explant on MS medium containing 0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 BAP with 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg l-1 NAA promoted somatic embryogenesis in both cultivars. Longer duration of pulse treatment was deleterious resulting in browning and consequently death of the embryos on explants. Pulse treatment with 20 mg l-1 NAA for one week was less deleterious and developed two plantlets after the explants were transferred to MS0 medium after 6 weeks through somatic embryogenesis in cv. ‘Akkiz’. Pulse treatment with 10 mg l-1 NAA for 1 week showed 33.33-50.00% and 25.00-50.00% shoot regeneration frequency in cv. ‘Akkiz’ and ‘Karagoz’ respectively on MS medium containing 0.25-1.00 mg l-1 BAP. Maximum number of 2.50 shoots each per explant were recorded in cv. ‘Akkiz’ and ‘Karagoz’ on MS medium containing 1.00 and 0.50 mg l-1 BAP respectively. Contrarily, maximum shoot length of 8.98 cm of cv. ‘Akkiz’ and 9.42 cm of cv. ‘Karagoz’ was recorded on MS medium containing 0.50 mg l-1 BAP and 1.00 mg l-1 BAP respectively. Regenerated shoots were rooted on MS medium containing 0.5 mg l-1 IBA and and acclimatized in growth room at room temperature where they produced viable seeds.

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Efficient Regeneration of Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) Plantlets from Cotyledon, Hypocotyl and Leaf Explants: An Excellent Model Plant for Gene Function Analysis

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i3230996 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Md. Shoyeb ◽

Kanis Fatema ◽

Md. Abdur Rauf Sarkar ◽

Atikur Rahman ◽

Shaikh Mizanur Rahman

Keyword(s):

Gene Function ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Function Analysis ◽

In Vitro Regeneration ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Leaf Explant ◽

Regeneration Ability ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Gene Function Analysis

Tobacco has been widely used as a model plant for stable and non-stable gene function analysis. Successful Agrobacterium-mediated transformation mainly depends on in vitro regeneration of tobacco plant. However, a reliable and standard regeneration protocol of tobacco using multiple explants is limited. In this study, we established a reliable and reproducible regeneration protocol of tobacco using three different explants i.e. cotyledon, hypocotyl and leaf. Preliminary, surface sterilized tobacco seeds were germinated on growth regulator free MS medium. Thereafter, in vitro germinated explants were inoculated into Murashige and Skoog [1] media supplemented with different combination and types of growth regulators for callus induction and subsequent regeneration of plantlets. It was revealed that, regeneration ability of explants is greatly influenced by type and nature of the explant. Among the three explants, higher callus induction (95%) was obtained in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg l-1 kinetin + 2.0 mg l-1 IAA from leaf explant. Also, leaf explant exhibited much higher regeneration ability (95%) than hypocotyl (60%) and cotyledon (45%) explants. Significantly highest number of shoots (8.0) were regenerated from leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 3.0 mg l-1 Kinetin+1.0 mg l-1 IAA compared to the other hormone combinations. Regenerated mature shoots were showed normal root after transferred onto ½ MS medium containing 0.3 mg l-1 IBA. This study will provide valuable information related to in vitro regeneration of tobacco plantlets using cotyledon, hypocotyl and leaf explants and will be used as a standard protocol for Agrobacterium-mediated transformation for gene function analysis.

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Micropropagation of Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium L.)

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci13721-18 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (2) ◽

pp. 348-352 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Susan M. Hawkins ◽

Carol D. Robacker

Keyword(s):

Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulator ◽

Light Level ◽

The United States ◽

Callus Cultures ◽

Schizachyrium Scoparium ◽

Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Little Bluestem ◽

Callus Initiation

Native grasses are increasingly used in the landscape. Little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium L.), a perennial bunchgrass native to most of the United States, has ornamental traits, such as variation in leaf color, differences in growth morphology, and attractive seed heads. Traditionally, cultivars of little bluestem are propagated by division, which limits the production of new plants. Our objective in this study was to develop an improved micropropagation protocol for little bluestem that would produce true-to-type plants. In 2016, we cultured immature inflorescences of eight genotypes of little bluestem on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with four combinations of kinetin (1.0 or 2.0 mg·L−1) and 2,4-D (0.5 or 1.0 mg·L−1) under three levels of light (dark, semilight, full light) to initiate callus. Cultures were evaluated 30 days after initiation and those that had initiated callus were subcultured. Media for subculturing and rooting contained either 0.1 mg·L−1 or no 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Light level had no effect on callus initiation. Initiation media with 1.0 mg·L−1 kinetin and either level of 2,4-D induced callus at almost twice the rate of media with 2.0 mg·L−1 kinetin, and cultures initiated on those media also produced almost twice the number of rooted plants over all genotypes. Genotype affected the number of rooted plants produced. The addition of NAA to medium for subculturing and rooting did not increase the number of rooted plants. In 2017, we cultured immature inflorescences of four genotypes of little bluestem on MS medium with 0.5 mg·L−1 2,4-D and either 1.0 mg·L−1 kinetin or 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) under full light. Cultures were evaluated 30 days after initiation. Cultures that had initiated callus were subcultured onto MS medium with the same growth regulators as the initiation medium but without 2,4-D. Cultures were cycled between subculture medium with growth regulator and subculture medium with no additional growth regulator until rooted. Cultures initiated and subcultured on medium with BAP initiated two to three times more callus than those on kinetin and produced twice as many rooted plants. Our recommendation for rapid micropropagation of little bluestem is to initiate cultures on MS medium with 1.0 mg·L−1 BAP and 0.5 mg·L−1 2,4-D. After callus initiation, cultures should be subcultured to medium with BAP but no 2,4-D, alternating with medium with no additional growth regulators, until rooted.

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PENGARUH ZAT PENGATUR TUMBUH TERHADAP PEMBENTUKAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN SERTA KANDUNGAN SINENSETIN DALAM KALUS PADA TANAMAN KUMIS KUCING (Orlhosiphon arislatus )

Jurnal Penelitian Tanaman Industri ◽

10.21082/jlittri.v7n4.2001.99-103 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 99

Author(s):

SITTI FATIMAH SYAHID ◽

HERNANI HERNANI

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulator ◽

Basic Medium ◽

Second Step ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Rate Structure ◽

Medicinal Crops ◽

Effect Of Treatment

Effect of growth regulator on the formation, development and sinenselin content of the callus on Orthosiphon aristatusEffect of growth regulators on the formation, development and sinenselin Content of the callus on kidney plant ( Orthosiphon arislatus ) was studied al the laboratory of the Research Insitute for Spices and Medicinal Crops ( RISMC ) Bogor from March lo October 2000. Material ( explains ) lor Ihe study was the sterile leaves available in the culture. Basic medium used was Murasige and Skoog ( MS ). The study was conducted in two step. In (he irst step Ihe explains were cultured un MS medium applied with 2 4-1) at the concentration of 0.1; 0.3; 0.5 and 0.7 mg/1. In the second step, the cxplants were cultured on MS medium containing 0 I mg/1 2 4-D (best concentration in Ihe lirsl study) enriched with BA at the concentration of 0.5; 1.0, and 1.5 mg/1. The experiment was designed as a completely randomized in three replicates Eaeh replicate contained live bottles. Parameters used for evaluating Ihe effect of treatment were ihe lime of initiations, growth rate, structure and colour of the calli and sinenselin content which was analyzed with IIPI.C. Results showed thai from the irst experiment, 2.4-1) of 0.1 mg/1 produced Ihe highest rate of calli formation(0.49 g/5 weeks), from Ihe second ex¬periment, il was revealed that Ihe best treatment was 0.5 mg/1 BA Combined with 0.1 mg/1 2 4-1) produced 6.59 g calli/5 weeks, but was not signiicantly different front the calli cultured on the medium containing 1.0 nig/l BA combine with 0.1 mg/1 2.4- D. Result of sinenselin analysis showed thai MS medium containing BA 1 .0 mg/+ 0.1 mg/1 2.4- I) produced (I 24% sinenselin. higher than those of other treatment.

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Effects of different plant growth regulators on in vitro growth of Aloe vera L.

Bangladesh Journal of Botany ◽

10.3329/bjb.v49i1.49124 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 159-162

Author(s):

Unaiza Wahab ◽

Muhammad Ashfaq ◽

Muhammad Sajjad ◽

Shabnum Shaheen ◽

Riffat Sadique ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Plant Growth Regulators ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Aloe Vera ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Leaf Node ◽

Ms Medium ◽

In Vitro Growth

An attempt was made to standardize the appropriate concentration of different growth regulators for successful in vitro growth of different explants (leaf, node and internode) of Aloe vera L. Results demonstrated best in vitro growth in leaf explants in MS medium supplemented with BAP (1.0 mg/l) and NAA (1.0 mg/l) at 26 ± 2ºC) with pH 5.70 using agar solidified medium and 16 hrs photoperiod.

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Effect of Growth Regulators on Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni Callus Genesis and Influence of Auxin and Proline to Steviol Glycosides, Phenols, Flavonoids Accumulation, and Antioxidant Activity In Vitro

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25122759 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 2759

Author(s):

Aušra Blinstrubienė ◽

Natalija Burbulis ◽

Neringa Juškevičiūtė ◽

Nijolė Vaitkevičienė ◽

Rasa Žūkienė

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽

Steviol Glycosides ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Stem Cuttings ◽

The Impact

Stevia is a plant containing many active compounds, but usually propagated by stem cuttings because of low seed-yield-germination ability. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of plant-growth regulators on stevia callus induction and growth from somatic tissue, as well as to determine the effect α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and proline (PRO) on the amount of stevioside, rebaudioside A, phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity. Stem and leaf segments were inoculated on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of NAA and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) for callus genesis. The amount of steviol glycosides (SGs) was evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the amounts of total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity by spectrophotometric methods. The highest callus-induction frequency and callus-mass increase were obtained from the leaf explants in MS medium supplemented with 2.0 μM NAA. The highest amount of SGs, phenols, and flavonoids, and stronger antioxidant activity were determined in the cellular compounds of callus from leaf explant. PRO reduced the amount of SGs and flavonoids. The significantly highest amount of total phenolic compounds was obtained in the callus from leaf explants in the medium supplemented with 2.0 µM NAA and 2.0 µM PRO.

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Plant growth regulator eEffect on adventitious roots induction of labisia pumila

Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences ◽

10.11113/mjfas.v10n1.70 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nor’Aishah Hasan ◽

Sobri Hussein ◽

Rusli Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Adventitious Root ◽

Adventitious Roots ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Root Induction ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Rooting Ability ◽

Labisia Pumila

Labisia pumila or locally known as ‘Kacip Fatimah’ is an herbaceous plant commonly used for dysentery, flatulence, dysmenorrhoea and gonorrhoea. A study was undertaken to investigate the effect of different plant growth regulators at various concentrations on adventitious root induction from the leaf explants of Labisia pumila. Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with auxins; indole-acetic acid (IAA), indole-butyric acid (IBA) and naphtaleneacetic acid (NAA) each at the concentrations of 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 mg/L were evaluated for their effects on adventitious root induction. No adventitious roots formed in the control medium devoid of any PGRs. Among the plant growth regulators (PGRs) used, IBA showed the best adventitious roots formation for all explants, followed by NAA and IAA. Leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with 5 mg/L of IBA showed the best rooting ability. In this treatment, 72.4 ± 9.3 % of rooting, 17.8 ± 9.4 roots per explants and 0.123 ± 0.096g of dry weight were recorded. NAA and IAA showed ability to induce adventitious roots from leaf however the rooting ability was relatively lower that IBA treatment. The highest rooting ability for NAA and IAA was achieved in 7 mg/L and 3 mg/L with (71.2 ±10.9 % and 10.6 ± 3.6%) of rooting, (14.9 ± 0.669 and 1.60 ± 0.179) roots per explants and (0.044 ± 0.002g and 0.014 ± 0.001g) of dry weight, respectively.

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Optimizing the concentrations of plant growth regulators for in vitro shoot cultures, callus induction and shoot regeneration from calluses of grapes

OENO One ◽

10.20870/oeno-one.2015.49.1.95 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 37 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Nadra Khan ◽

Maqsood Ahmed ◽

Ishfaq Hafiz ◽

Nadeem Abbasi ◽

Shaghef Ejaz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Shoot Regeneration ◽

Growth Regulators ◽

Callus Induction ◽

Leaf Explants ◽

Shoot Cultures ◽

Ms Medium ◽

Grape Cultivar ◽

Half Strength ◽

Number Of Shoots

Aim: To optimize the concentrations of growth regulators in the media for the proficient micropropagation of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. King’s Ruby.Methods and results: Apical meristems of the grape cultivar were used to establish in vitro shoot cultures. Nodal explants, each containing an axillary bud, taken from in vitro grown shoots were inoculated in shoot proliferation medium, i.e., half strength Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with benzyl aminopurine (BAP), kinetin, glycine and gibberellic acid (GA3). A higher number of shoots (5.33) with greater shoot length (2.75 cm) was produced in the medium supplemented with 1.0 mg L-1 BAP and 0.1 mg L-1 GA3. Calluses were induced from leaf explants taken from in vitro grown shoots. Callus induction was greater (73.00%) on the medium containing 2.0 mg L-1 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), 0.3 mg L-1 BAP and 0.2 mg L-1 α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). The maximum frequency of shoot regeneration (53.33%) was achieved on the medium supplemented with 1.5 mg L-1 BAP and 0.5 mg L-1 NAA, and the regenerated shoots successfully formed roots on growth regulator-free half strength MS medium.Conclusion: Optimizing the concentration of BAP and GA3 and omitting the glycine and kinetin in the culture medium increased the number and length of shoots. Similarly, for inducing the callus of the leaf explants, taken from in vitro grown shoots, it is recommended to adjust the medium with the higher concentration of 2,4-D and lower concentrations of BAP. Moreover, the maximum number of shoots was regenerated on a medium supplemented with relatively high levels of both BAP and NAA (1.5 and 0.5 mg L-1, respectively). Finally, we suggest the half strength MS medium that is free from growth regulators for the root formation of the regenerated shoots.Significance and impact of the study: Optimizing the concentration of growth regulators is crucial for the efficient micropropagation of a grape cultivar. Knowing the specific balance between the growth regulators is necessary to establish in vitro shoot cultures, callus induction and shoot regeneration and, hence, to propagate disease-free true to type grape cultivars in a short time.

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