scholarly journals Struktur Sel Epidermis dan Stomata Daun Beberapa Tumbuhan Suku Euphorbiaceae

Jurnal MIPA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Oktarin Anu ◽  
Henny L. Rampe ◽  
Johanis J. Pelealu
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Jatropha Curcas ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Neighboring Cell ◽  
Epidermis Cell

Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk menentukan struktur sel epidermis dan stomata pada beberapa tumbuhan anggota Suku Euphorbiaceae yang merupakan anggota marga Codiaeum, Euphorbia dan Jatropha. Metode deskriptif komparatif digunakan untuk menggambarkan struktur sel epidemis dan stomata daun puring, pakis giwang dan jarak pagar berdasarkan pengamatan irisan memanjang sel-sel epidermis pada permukaan bawah daun dengan menggunakan mikroskop Olympus tipe 11067 dan Optilab Advance tipe 2.2. Hasil penelitian menunjukan adanya variasi struktur sel epidermis. Stomata berbentuk ginjal tipe parasitik. Arah membuka sel penutup sejajar terhadap sel tetangga. Rata-rata jumlah sel epidermis daun puring 33,33, pakis giwang 36,33 dan jarak pagar 48,66 sedangkan rata-rata jumlah stomata puring 6,0, pakis giwang 3,0 dan jarak pagar 8,3. Jarak antar stomata dengan kisaran pada daun puring 114,47 µm - 1087,49 µm, pakis giwang 360 µm - 900,99 µm dan jarak pagar 65 µm - 939,66 µm. Panjang sel epidermis dengan kisaran pada daun puring 90,25 μm - 379,16, pakis giwang 36,70 μm - 563,41 μm dan jarak pagar 65,19 μm - 387,75 μm. Panjang stomata dengan kisaran pada daun puring 105,41 μm - 150,56 μm, pakis giwang 76,74 μm  - 108,45 μm dan jarak pagar 85,37 μm - 135,90 μm.A study has been conducted to determine the structure of epidermal cells and stomata in some plants belonging to the Euphorbiaceae Families who are members of the clans of Codiaeum, Euphorbia and Jatropha. The comparative descrpitive method is used to describe the structure of epidermis cell and stomata of promegranate stems, fern studs, and jatropha based on observations of longitudinal slices of epidermal celss on the lower surface of the leaves using Olympus type 1106 and  Optylab Advance type 2.2 microscopes. The result showed the existence of variation of epidermal cell structure. Parasitic stomata-shaped stomata. Direction opens the cell cover parallel to the neighboring cell. The average number of epidermal cell leaves of puring 33.33, 36,33 pinnacle ferns, and jatropha curcas 48.66, while the average number of stomata puring 6.0, 3.0 pinnacle ferns, and jatropha 8.3. The distance between stomata with the range on the leaves of puring 114,47 μm- 1087,49 μm, the pinnacle fern of 360 μm- 900,99 μm, and the distance of jatropha 65 μm- 939,66 μm. The length of the epidermal cell with a range of leaves of puring 90,25 μm- 379,16 μm, 36,70 μm- 563,41 μm pinnacle ferns, and Jatropha curcas 65,19 μm- 387,75 μm. The length of stomata with the range on the leaves of puring 105,41 μm- 150,56 μm, pinnecle ferns 76,74 μm- 108,45 μm, and jatropha 85,37 μm- 135,90 μm.

scholarly journals ANATOMICAL CHARATERISTICS OF ARACEAE FAMILY IN LIWA BOTANICAL GARDEN, WEST LAMPUNG, LAMPUNG

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
Putri Kendari ◽  
Sri Wahyuningsih ◽  
Yulianty Yulianty ◽  
Martha Lulus Lande
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Characteristic Shape ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Different Characteristics

Indonesia is one of the countries with high Araceae diversity, which is about  36 genera consisting of 669 species. However research on the characteristics of Araceae in Indonesia is still limited. The existence of Araceae in Liwa Botanical Garden has not been studied. One of the characteristics in assessing plant diversity is anatomical features. Therefore, the aim of this study is to determine the anatomical characteristics of Araceae in Liwa Botanical Garden. This research was conducted from October to November 2019 in Liwa Botanical Garden, West Lampung, Lampung using the cruise method (Cruise Method). Araceae plants that are found identified in the Botany Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung. The anatomical features of the leaves and petioles of Araceae was studied carefully. The results of this study indicate that each type of Araceae plant has different characteristics of epidermal cell structure and stomata. The characteristic shape of the epidermal cells is upright, while the characteristic shape of the stomata is amphibrachyparacitic. A certain types of Araceaeshows s a special characteristic which is having secretory cells.

scholarly journals Kajian Morfologi, Sitologi, dan Struktur Anatomi Daun Nepenthes spp. asal Kalimantan Barat

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
FITRI DAMAYANTI ◽  
IKA ROOSTIKA ◽  
MUHAMMAD MANSUR
Keyword(s):  
Lower Surface ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
West Kalimantan ◽  
Epidermis Cell

<p class="5abstrak">The objective was to describe morphology, structure of anatomy, and cytology characters of the five species as well as to determine their differences each other. In the present study five Nepenthes from West Kalimantan were evaluated: <em>N. veitchii, N. negleta, N. bicalcarata, N. clipeata, </em>and<em> N. hirsuta</em>. Morfology analysis of five species Nepenthes showed different morphology in particular shape of pitcher that each species have a unique pitcher. Cytology analysis showed high variation between species. In general, it was demonstrated that <em>N. bicalcarata</em> tended to have bigger epidermal cells and stomata. <em>N. bicalcarata</em> had aktinocytik tipe of stomata and <em>N. clipeata</em>, <em>N. veitchii, N. hirsuta</em>, and <em>N. negleta</em> had anomocytik tipe of stomata. Stomata only had on the lower surface except <em>N. negleta</em> had stomata on the upper too. <em>N. negleta</em> had the higher of density and index stomata. The result of transversal showed variation of mesofil tissue (parenchim of palisade and spons). Epidermis cell was conducted in one layer with hipoepidermis cell more than one layer with the biggest size than epidermis cell. <em>N. veitchii</em> had more tricoma from the others species.</p>

The tricornered Gene, Which Is Required for the Integrity of Epidermal Cell Extensions, Encodes the Drosophila Nuclear DBF2-Related Kinase

Genetics ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 1817-1828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Geng ◽  
Biao He ◽  
Mina Wang ◽  
Paul N Adler
Keyword(s):  
Actin Cytoskeleton ◽  
Actin Polymerization ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Cytochalasin D ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Sense Organs ◽  
Latrunculin A ◽  
Cellular Extensions ◽  
Cuticular Structures ◽  
Cuticular Surface

Abstract During their differentiation epidermal cells of Drosophila form a rich variety of polarized structures. These include the epidermal hairs that decorate much of the adult cuticular surface, the shafts of the bristle sense organs, the lateral extensions of the arista, and the larval denticles. These cuticular structures are produced by cytoskeletal-mediated outgrowths of epidermal cells. Mutations in the tricornered gene result in the splitting or branching of all of these structures. Thus, tricornered function appears to be important for maintaining the integrity of the outgrowths. tricornered mutations however do not have major effects on the growth or shape of these cellular extensions. Inhibiting actin polymerization in differentiating cells by cytochalasin D or latrunculin A treatment also induces the splitting of hairs and bristles, suggesting that the actin cytoskeleton might be a target of tricornered. However, the drugs also result in short, fat, and occasionally malformed hairs and bristles. The data suggest that the function of the actin cytoskeleton is important for maintaining the integrity of cellular extensions as well as their growth and shape. Thus, if tricornered causes the splitting of cellular extensions by interacting with the actin cytoskeleton it likely does so in a subtle way. Consistent with this possibility we found that a weak tricornered mutant is hypersensitive to cytochalasin D. We have cloned the tricornered gene and found that it encodes the Drosophila NDR kinase. This is a conserved ser/thr protein kinase found in Caenorhabditis elegans and humans that is related to a number of kinases that have been found to be important in controlling cell structure and proliferation.

scholarly journals Effects of pretreatments of some growth regulators on the stomata movements of barley seedlings grown under saline (NaCl) conditions

2008 ◽  
Vol 53 (No. 12) ◽  
pp. 524-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Çavuşoğlu ◽  
S. Kılıç ◽  
K. Kabar
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Epidermis Cell ◽  
Stomata Number

In this work, the effects of double, triple and quadruple combinations of gibberellic acid, kinetin, 24-epibrassinolide and polyamines (cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine) on the stomata movements in the leaves of barley seedlings grown under saline conditions were studied. In the control seedlings, the stomata number, stomata index and stomata length increased in the upper surfaces of leaves in comparison with their lower surfaces. In addition, the epidermis cell number in the leaves of control plants were fewer in the upper surface than that in the lower surface, but the stomata were statistically in the equal width in both surfaces. As for the applyings, they generally decreased stomata number, stomata index, stomata length and epidermis cell number, while they increased the stomata width in the upper and especially in the lower surface according to the control. The growth regulators used may have served to adaptation of barley seedlings to saline conditions by causing a decrease in most of the mentioned parameters.

scholarly journals Multiple mechanisms of dissociated epidermal cell spreading.

1983 ◽  
Vol 96 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
K S Stenn ◽  
J A Madri ◽  
T Tinghitella ◽  
V P Terranova
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Type Iv Collagen ◽  
Cell Spreading ◽  
Specific Protein ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Basement Membrane Protein ◽  
Specific Proteins

To test the possibility that epidermal cells use a common basement membrane protein whenever they spread, in vitro experiments were conducted using trypsin-dissociated guinea pig epidermal cells and the following proteins: human serum, bovine serum albumin, serum fibronectin, Type IV collagen, laminin, and epibolin (a recently described serum glycoprotein which supports epidermal cell spreading; Stenn, K.S., 1981, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 78:6907.). When the cells were added to media containing the specific proteins, all the tested proteins, except for serum albumin, supported cell spreading. Added to protein-coated substrates in defined media, the cells spread on fibronectin, epibolin, and laminin-Type IV collagen, but not on albumin or whole serum. In none of these experiments were the results qualitatively affected by the presence of cycloheximide. Antibodies to a specific protein blocked cell spreading on that protein but not on the other active proteins, e.g. whereas antibodies to epibolin blocked cell spreading on epibolin, they did not affect spreading on fibronectin, collagen, or laminin. In a second assay in which the cells were allowed to adhere to tissue culture plastic before the protein-containing medium was added, the cells spread only if the medium contained epibolin. Moreover, under these conditions the spreading activity of whole serum and plasma was neutralized by antiepibolin antibodies. These results support the conclusion that dissociated epidermal cells possess multiple spreading modes which depend, in part, on the proteins of the substrate, proteins of the medium, and the sequence of cell adhesion and protein exposure.

scholarly journals Cuticular reticulation replicates the pattern of epidermal cells in lowermost Cambrian scalidophoran worms

2020 ◽  
Vol 287 (1926) ◽  
pp. 20200470
Author(s):  
Deng Wang ◽  
Jean Vannier ◽  
Xiao-guang Yang ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Yi-fei Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Sedimentary Environment ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Early Cambrian ◽  
Extracellular Material ◽  
Cuticle Formation ◽  
Stem Group ◽  
The Relationship

The cuticle of ecdysozoans (Panarthropoda, Scalidophora, Nematoida) is secreted by underlying epidermal cells and renewed via ecdysis. We explore here the relationship between epidermis and external cuticular ornament in stem-group scalidophorans from the early Cambrian of China (Kuanchuanpu Formation; ca 535 Ma) that had two types of microscopic polygonal cuticular networks with either straight or microfolded boundaries. Detailed comparisons with modern scalidophorans (priapulids) indicate that these networks faithfully replicate the cell boundaries of the epidermis. This suggests that the cuticle of early scalidophorans formed through the fusion between patches of extracellular material secreted by epidermal cells, as observed in various groups of present-day ecdysozoans, including arthropods. Key genetic, biochemical and mechanical processes associated with ecdysis and cuticle formation seem to have appeared very early (at least not later than 535 Ma) in the evolution of ecdysozoans. Microfolded reticulation is likely to be a mechanical response to absorbing contraction exerted by underlying muscles. The polygonal reticulation in early and extant ecdysozoans is clearly a by-product of the epidermal cell pavement and interacted with the sedimentary environment.

The Metamorphosis of Insects: Tercentenary Lecture delivered by Professor V. B. Wigglesworth, F. R. S., at 10.15 a.m. on Saturday 23 July 1960 at the Royal College of Surgeons

1961 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Royal College ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Outer Skin ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Growth Changes

THE visible form of the insect is defined by the outer skin or cuticle. The cuticle is the product of the single layer of epidermal cells which lie beneath it. The form of the insect is thus determined by the growth changes and the secretory activity of the epidermal cell. The purpose of the lecture was to approach the subject of metamorphosis through a consideration of the physiology of the epidermal cell. The epidermal cell is interesting because it combines within itself so many functions, actual and potential; social functions as a member of the community of cells of which it forms a part, and individual functions where it is concerned primarily with its own affairs.

The root–fungus interface as an indicator of symbiont interaction in ectomycorrhizae

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (8) ◽  
pp. 846-854 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Massicotte ◽  
C. A. Ackerley ◽  
R. L. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Apical Meristem ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Wall Ingrowths ◽  
Wall Ingrowth ◽  
Hartig Net ◽  
Epidermal Cell Wall ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Cell Wall Ingrowths

Seedlings of Alnuscrispa (Ait.) Pursh, Alnusrubra Bong., Eucalyptuspilularis Sm., and Betulaalleghaniensis Britt. were grown in plastic pouches and subsequently inoculated with Alpovadiplophloeus (Zeller & Dodge) Trappe & Smith (two different strains), Pisolithustinctorius (Pers.) Coker & Couch, and Laccariabicolor (R. Mre) Orton, respectively, to form ectomycorrhizae insitu. Alnus seedlings were inoculated with Frankia prior to inoculation with the mycosymbiont. The interface established between A. crispa and A. diplophloeus was complex, involving wall ingrowth formation in root epidermal cells and infoldings in Hartig net hyphae. Alnusrubra – A. diplophloeus ectomycorrhizae had an interface lacking epidermal cell wall ingrowths but with infoldings in Hartig net hyphae. The interface between E. pilularis –. tinctorius consisted of branching Hartig net hyphae between radially enlarged epidermal cells lacking wall ingrowths. Ectomycorrhizae between B. alleghaniensis and L. bicolor developed unique interfaces with radially enlarged epidermal cells near the apical meristem, which synthesized dense vacuolar deposits. Very fine branchings occurred in Hartig net hyphae.

scholarly journals Immunogold labeling of keratin filaments in normal human epidermal cells with two anti-keratin monoclonal antibodies.

1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Haftek ◽  
M J Staquet ◽  
J Viac ◽  
D Schmitt ◽  
J Thivolet
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Immunogold Labeling ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Cell Suspensions ◽  
Keratinocyte Differentiation ◽  
Keratin Filaments ◽  
Human Epidermal Cells ◽  
Filament Bundles ◽  
Keratin Filament

We report on application of the highly sensitive and specific immunogold labeling method for ultrastructural investigation of keratin intermediate filament antigens in human epidermal cell suspensions. Triton X-100 pretreated cells proved accessible to the colloidal gold conjugate, thus enabling keratin filament bundles to be labeled. Anti-keratin KL1 and KL2 monoclonal antibodies were raised in mice after immunization with either human stratum corneum-isolated keratins or keratins extracted from human epidermal cells suspensions, respectively. Immunoelectron microscopy confirmed immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase results of epidermal keratinocyte staining, and revealed two different antibody reactivity patterns: KL2 reacted with keratin filaments in keratinocytes of all epidermal layers, whereas antigen to KL1 was detected only on keratin of the suprabasal layers, not on the basal keratinocyte tonofilaments. The monoclonal antibody-recognized epitopes were specific for the keratin filaments. Vimentin-rich cells (melanocytes) were not stained in the same epidermal cell suspensions. Additionally, two distinct ultrastructural patterns of keratin filament epitope labeling were observed. KL1 and KL2 monoclonal antibodies react with two different antigenic determinants, depending on the stage of keratinocyte differentiation, and may therefore be used for immunohistochemical studies of various keratin-containing cells in normal and pathologic conditions.

scholarly journals Metal-Nano-Ink Coating for Monitoring and Quantification of Cotyledon Epidermal Cell Morphogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kotomi Kikukawa ◽  
Kazuki Yoshimura ◽  
Akira Watanabe ◽  
Takumi Higaki
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Jigsaw Puzzle ◽  
Cell Morphogenesis ◽  
Pavement Cells ◽  
Observation Area ◽  
Cell Shapes

During cotyledon growth, the pavement cells, which make up most of the epidermal layer, undergo dynamic morphological changes from simple to jigsaw puzzle-like shapes in most dicotyledonous plants. Morphological analysis of cell shapes generally involves the segmentation of cells from input images followed by the extraction of shape descriptors that can be used to assess cell shape. Traditionally, replica and fluorescent labeling methods have been used for time-lapse observation of cotyledon epidermal cell morphogenesis, but these methods require expensive microscopes and can be technically demanding. Here, we propose a silver-nano-ink coating method for time-lapse imaging and quantification of morphological changes in the epidermal cells of growing Arabidopsis thaliana cotyledons. To obtain high-resolution and wide-area cotyledon surface images, we placed the seedlings on a biaxial goniometer and adjusted the cotyledons, which were coated by dropping silver ink onto them, to be as horizontal to the focal plane as possible. The omnifocal images that had the most epidermal cell shapes in the observation area were taken at multiple points to cover the whole surface area of the cotyledon. The multi-point omnifocal images were automatically stitched, and the epidermal cells were automatically and accurately segmented by machine learning. Quantification of cell morphological features based on the segmented images demonstrated that the proposed method could quantitatively evaluate jigsaw puzzle-shaped cell growth and morphogenesis. The method was successfully applied to phenotyping of the bpp125 triple mutant, which has defective pavement cell morphogenesis. The proposed method will be useful for time-lapse non-destructive phenotyping of plant surface structures and is easier to use than the conversional methods that require fluorescent dye labeling or transformation with marker gene constructs and expensive microscopes such as the confocal laser microscope.

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