Formulation of Biodegreaser Made from Palm Oil Methyl Ester Sulfonate Surfactant with Oxalic Acid Additive

The development of bio degreaser made from palm oil surfactant aims to substitute bio degreaser made from petroleum surfactant which is less environmentally friendly. The development was carried out by formulating palm methyl ester sulfonate (MES) surfactant with oxalic acid as metal or non-metal cleaning agent. The purpose of this study was to obtain the best concentration of oxalic acid in the bio degreaser formulation. The concentrations of oxalic acid tested were 7, 8, and 9%. The best concentration of oxalic acid was determined based on the results of characteristic tests and detergency tests, namely 7% oxalic acid concentration. The resulting bio degreaser product has a pH of 1.6; viscosity 1.39 cp; specific gravity of 1.012; surface tension 32 dyne/cm and detergency power 84%. Furthermore, the resulting bio degreaser was added with Diethanolamioda (DEA) surfactant. The purpose of adding DEA surfactant is to increase the pH and lower the surface tension. The formulation results showed an increase in pH from 1.6 to 3.2 and a decrease in surface tension from 31.97 dyne/cm to 28.70 dyne/cm. In addition, there was an increase in viscosity from 1.39 cp to 1.62 cp and specific gravity from 1.012 to 1.018.

Download Full-text

Perbandingan Karakteristik Surfaktan Metil Ester Sulfonat dan Sodium Lauril Sulfonat sebagai Bahan Emulsifier

Jurnal Riset Teknologi Industri ◽

10.26578/jrti.v9i2.1715 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 167-176

Author(s):

Eldha Sampepana ◽

Paluphy Eka Yustini ◽

Aditya Rinaldi ◽

Amiroh Amiroh

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Surface Tension ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Interfacial Tension ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Emulsion Stability ◽

Raw Material ◽

Enzymatic Method

Surfactant which is used as raw emulsifier in an industry activity such as Sodium Lauryl Sulfonate is a raw material import, it is petroleum derivative which is not renewable and may cause pollution to the environment, because it is not degraded and are carcinogenic. The purpose of the research is to compare the characteristics of the Quaternary methyl ester sulfonat (MES) and Sodium Lauryl Sulfonat (SLS) as emulsifier. First, make the MES by filtering and eliminating fatty acids of palm oil, then process the MES with enzymatic method become methyl ester, then react it in sulfonation and metanolization process, and also neutralized with NaOH. Next, the MES experiment is compared with SLS and existing MES in the market. The results show that surfactants MES experiment has value hidrofil lipofil balance (HLB) interfacial tension and emulsion stability greater than MES in the market and SLS. And the surface tension of MES experiment is larger than MES in the market, but smaller compared to SLS.ABSTRAKSurfaktan yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku emulsifer dalam aktivitas suatu industri pada saat ini seperti Sodium Lauril Sulfonat merupakan bahan baku import yang merupakan turunan dari minyak bumi, dengan sifat tidak dapat diperbaharui dan dapat menimbulkan pencemaran terhadap lingkungan karena tidak mudah terdegradasi serta bersifat karsinogenik. Metil ester sulfonat dari bahan minyak sawit merupakan surfaktan dengan sifat mudah terdegradasi yang perlu diketahui karakteristiknya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membandingkan karakteristik surfaktan metil ester sulfonat (MES) dan Sodium Lauril Sulfonat (SLS) sebagai bahan emulsifier. Mula-mula dilakukan pembuatan MES dengan cara menyaring dan menghilangkan asam lemak minyak sawit terlebih dahulu, kemudian diolah menjadi metil ester secara enzimatis, lalu direaksikan secara sulfonasi dan metanolisis, serta dinetralkan dengan NaOH. Selanjutnya MES hasil percobaan dibandingkan dengan SLS dan MES yang ada dipasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa surfaktan MES memiliki nilai hidrofil lipofil balance (HLB) tegangan antar muka dan stabilitas emulsi lebih besar apabila dibandingkan dengan MES di pasaran dan SLS, kecuali nilai stabilitas emulsi antara MES dan SLS sama. Dan tegangan permukaan MES hasil percobaan, lebih besar dibandingkan dengan MES dipasaran, dan lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan SLS. Kata kunci : Metil ester sulfonat, hidrofil lipofil balance, emulsifier, sodium lauril sulfonat , stabilitas emulsi

Download Full-text

Crosstalk between proteinuria, plasma oxalic acid and inflammation in glomerulonephritis patients: an exploratory study

Ukrainian Journal of Nephrology and Dialysis ◽

10.31450/ukrjnd.3(71).2021.03 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 19-27

Author(s):

Natalia Stepanova ◽

Lyudmyla Snisar ◽

Larysa Lebid ◽

Victoria Driianska

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Cardiovascular Risk ◽

Oxalic Acid ◽

Healthy Volunteers ◽

Acid Concentration ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Primary Glomerulonephritis ◽

Nephrotic Proteinuria ◽

Oxalic Acid Concentration

Abstract. In the present exploratory cross-sectional cohort study, we evaluated whether plasma and urine oxalate concentrations in patients with primary glomerulonephritis depend not only on the glomerular filtration rate but also on the proteinuria level and influence the inflammatory response. Methods. We enrolled 100 participants, including 76 patients with glomerulonephritis having chronic kidney disease stage (CKD) 1–3b (69.7% of them with nephrotic syndrome) and 24 healthy volunteers. We excluded patients with diabetes, cardiovascular disease and those with glomerulonephritis with an estimated GFR (eGFR) < 30 mL/min/1.73 m2. In addition to routine hematological and biochemical tests, plasma oxalate concentration, urinary oxalate excretion, and serum interleukin (IL)-6 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) levels were assessed in all study participants. Results. We observed that plasma oxalic acid concentration was significantly higher in patients with glomerulonephritis (19.0 [5.9–45.2] µmol/L) than in healthy volunteers (5.5 [3.8–7.3] µmol/L, p < 0.0001). Moreover, nephrotic proteinuria was significantly associated with plasma oxalic acid elevation independent of the patients’ age, sex, glomerular filtration rate, and body mass index (odds ratio = 1.42, 95% confidence interval = 1.13–1.77, p = 0.002). In turn, the increased plasma oxalic acid concentration was associated with high levels of serum IL-6 and MCP-1, which may be cardiovascular risk factors in patients with primary glomerulonephritis. Conclusions. Nephrotic proteinuria was significantly associated with the elevation of plasma oxalic acid concentration and hyperoxaluria in glomerulonephritis patients with CKD stages 1–3b. Plasma oxalate at least partly promotes inflammation, which may be a cardiovascular risk factor in patients with glomerulonephritis in the early stages of CKD. Future studies should recruit at least 156 participants to confirm our preliminary results, validate nephrotic proteinuria as a risk factor for oxalate metabolism violation or determine the role of impaired oxalate homeostasis in clinical outcomes in patients with glomerulonephritis.

Download Full-text

Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Detergent Based on Crude Palm Oil and Titania Nanoparticles

Asian Journal of Chemistry ◽

10.14233/ajchem.2019.21984 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (10) ◽

pp. 2394-2396

Author(s):

P.P. Wulandari ◽

M.T. Adiwibowo ◽

A.S. Redjeki ◽

M. Ibadurrohman ◽

Slamet

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Gas Chromatography ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Mass Spectroscopy ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Titania Nanoparticles ◽

Crude Palm Oil ◽

Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy ◽

Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽

Tension Analysis

In this work, we report the synthesis of eco-friendly detergent from crude palm oil and titania. Crude palm oil was converted into methyl ester sulfonate through esterification, transesterification and followed by sulfonation process. As-produced methyl ester sulfonate was characterized with Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LCMS) and surface tension analysis. Detergents were synthesized by dispersing titania nanoparticles into methyl ester sulfonate solution, forming a nanofluid. Stability and detergency of the nanofluidic detergents were then evaluated. The results showed that the nanofluid detergents were stable in the presence of 0.1 wt % titania and the photocatalytic activity of titania nanoparticles improved the ability of nanofluidic detergents to remove dirt as well as degrading the surfactant residues in the laundry waste stream.

Download Full-text

Varietal Differences in Oxalic Acid Concentration and Enzyme Activity Related to Oxalic Acid Biosynthesis in Carambola (Averrhoa carambola L.)

Horticultural Research (Japan) ◽

10.2503/hrj.3.415 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 3 (4) ◽

pp. 415-419 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tomoko Kaneta ◽

Tadashi Baba ◽

Takayuki Ohtsubo ◽

Fukio Ikeda

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Oxalic Acid ◽

Acid Concentration ◽

Acid Biosynthesis ◽

Averrhoa Carambola ◽

Varietal Differences ◽

Oxalic Acid Concentration

Download Full-text

Effect of oxalic acid concentration on the formation of anodic aluminum oxide using pulse anodization at room temperature

Microsystem Technologies ◽

10.1007/s00542-009-0944-9 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 16 (8-9) ◽

pp. 1451-1456 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Chen-Kuei Chung ◽

T. Y. Liu ◽

W. T. Chang

Keyword(s):

Oxalic Acid ◽

Aluminum Oxide ◽

Acid Concentration ◽

Anodic Aluminum Oxide ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Anodic Aluminum ◽

Oxalic Acid Concentration

Download Full-text

SINTESIS SURFAKTAN METIL ESTER SULFONAT DARI PALM OIL METHYL ESTER DAN NATRIUM METABISULFIT DENGAN PENAMBAHAN KATALIS KALSIUM OKSIDA

Jurnal Riset Kimia ◽

10.25077/jrk.v8i2.229 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 125

Author(s):

Nirwana ◽

Irdoni ◽

Jatikta Yuniharti

Keyword(s):

Surface Tension ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Interfacial Tension ◽

Calcium Oxide ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Anionic Surfactant ◽

Linear Alkylbenzene ◽

Sodium Metabisulphite ◽

Linear Alkylbenzene Sulphonate ◽

The Stability

The most widely used surfactant is an anionic surfactant which is synthesized from petroleum namely Linear Alkylbenzene sulphonate (LABS). Methyl Ester Sulfonate which is currently being developed. Surfactant can produced from palm oil methyl ester via sulfonation sulfonate. When in this research using sodium metabisulphite. The aims of this work is to synthesize Methyl Ester Sulfonate surfactant from Palm Oil Methyl Ester using Sodium Metabisulphite and a catalyst Calcium Oxide. The effects of time and the mole ratio are also investigated. Sulfonation process carried out in 4, 5, 6 hours with mole ratio of 1: 0,5, 1:1, 1: 1,5, temperature of 80° C and with stirring speed of 450 rpm. It haven been found that the surfactant produced has density of (0.89490 g/cm3 - 0.89545 g/cm3), viscosity (2.0323 cP - 2.1329 cP), pH (2,03 - 2,48), surface tension (32.60 mN/m - 33.60 mN/m), interfacial tension (30.45 mN/m - 30.94 mN/m), and the stability emulsion (59.17% - 89, 17%).

Download Full-text