scholarly journals Microscopy as a Reliable Tool for the Evaluation of Marine Fuels Stability

Paliva ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 60-65
Author(s):  
Aleš Vráblík ◽  
Karolína Jaklová ◽  
Nikola Bringlerová ◽  
Dominik Schlehöfer ◽  
Radek Černý
Keyword(s):  
Standard Method ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Stability Testing ◽  
Fast Evaluation ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
The Stability ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Total Sediment

The stability of marine fuels is traditionally a very hot topic, especially in the beginning of so-called sulphur cap. The sulphur cap is the process of reducing the maximum level of sulphur content (from 3.5 to 0.5 wt%) in marine fuels, which are being used on deep sea from the first of January 2020. After this change, the large amount of marine fuels will be produced as a mixture of two or more components to achieve required sulphur level. Higher amounts of cutter stocks will increase the likelihood of decreased stability or compatibility of the marine fuels. Therefore, a reliable stability tests or their combination will be very important for marine fuels evaluation. However, only total sediment after aging is defined as a standard method according to ISO 8217 for stability testing. This method is not suitable for all the analysed marine fuels, so we verified using of microscopy for this type of evaluation. The set of marine fuels samples was tested using microscopy, results were processed and correlated with other selected qualitative parameters. The microscopy was evaluated as a suitable method for testing of marine fuels stability. This method could be used for very fast evaluation in industrial as well as research laboratories in combination with standard methods.

scholarly journals Ekstraksi dan Uji Stabilitas Zat Warna Alami dari Bayam Merah (Alternanthera amoena Voss)

KOVALEN ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-217
Author(s):  
Khairuddin ◽  
Joy Noldy Baciang ◽  
Indriani ◽  
Nov Irmawati Inda
Keyword(s):  
Sun Exposure ◽  
Natural Dye ◽  
Natural Dyes ◽  
Stability Test ◽  
Stability Testing ◽  
Effect Of Ph ◽  
Color Degradation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Better Than

Research on the extraction and stability test of natural dye from red spinach (Alternanthera amoena Voss) has been carried out. This study aims to determine the effect of pH and length of sun exposure on the stability of the dye from red spinach. Extraction using the maceration method with ethanol solvent and measurement using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. Stability testing is carried out at pH 2-5 and sun exposure for 1-4 hours using a dark and light container. The results obtained, at pH 2 and pH 3, anthocyanins were more stable, compared to pH 4 and 5 which had greater color degradation. In exposure to sunlight, dark containers with a degradation percentage of 31.70% were better than clear containers with a percentage of 48.78%. Keywords: Anthocyanin, red spinach, natural dyes stability.

Detection method for stability of microcontroller accessories based on biosensor

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Yan Ren ◽  
Jiayong Liu
Keyword(s):  
Process Design ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Stability Testing ◽  
Term Operation ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Testing Method ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Stability

In order to solve the problem of poor accuracy of traditional microcontroller attachment stability testing method, a microcontroller attachment stability testing method based on biosensor was designed to solve the existing problems. The reliability test index of the microcontroller is established, then the interference of the microcontroller accessory is detected and responded, and the interference detection signal of the microcontroller accessory is selected. The process design of stability detection of microcontroller accessories based on biosensor is completed. The experimental results show that the stability detection method based on biosensor designed in this paper can ensure the stability detection accuracy of microcontroller accessories above 80%, which is more accurate than traditional methods. It can be used to evaluate the stability, reliability and performance of microcontroller accessories in long-term operation.

Synchronization of Oscillators

2011 ◽  
pp. 247-260
Author(s):  
Jean B. Chabi Orou
Keyword(s):  
Chaotic Synchronization ◽  
Simple Approach ◽  
Short Introduction ◽  
Synchronization Process ◽  
The Stability ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Influence Of Noise ◽  
Synchronization Of Oscillators

A simple approach is proposed in this chapter to get started on the synchronization of oscillators study. The basics are given in the beginning such that the reader can get quickly familiar with the main concepts which lead to many kinds of synchronization configurations. Chaotic synchronization is next addressed and is followed by the stability of the synchronization issue. Finally, a short introduction of the influence of noise on the synchronization process is mentioned.

Evaluation of ontology structural metrics based on public repository data

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 473-485
Author(s):  
Manuel Franco ◽  
Juana María Vivo ◽  
Manuel Quesada-Martínez ◽  
Astrid Duque-Ramos ◽  
Jesualdo Tomás Fernández-Breis
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Measurement Instrument ◽  
Public Repository ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
The Past ◽  
Biological Ontologies ◽  
Quality Aspects ◽  
Ontology Metrics ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Structural Metrics

Abstract The development and application of biological ontologies have increased significantly in recent years. These ontologies can be retrieved from different repositories, which do not provide much information about quality aspects of the ontologies. In the past years, some ontology structural metrics have been proposed, but their validity as measurement instrument has not been sufficiently studied to date. In this work, we evaluate a set of reproducible and objective ontology structural metrics. Given the lack of standard methods for this purpose, we have applied an evaluation method based on the stability and goodness of the classifications of ontologies produced by each metric on an ontology corpus. The evaluation has been done using ontology repositories as corpora. More concretely, we have used 119 ontologies from the OBO Foundry repository and 78 ontologies from AgroPortal. First, we study the correlations between the metrics. Second, we study whether the clusters for a given metric are stable and have a good structure. The results show that the existing correlations are not biasing the evaluation, there are no metrics generating unstable clusterings and all the metrics evaluated provide at least reasonable clustering structure. Furthermore, our work permits to review and suggest the most reliable ontology structural metrics in terms of stability and goodness of their classifications. Availability: http://sele.inf.um.es/ontology-metrics

An Improved D-S Evidence Theory Based on Genetic Algorithm to VIP Intelligent Recognition and Recommendation System

2013 ◽  
Vol 347-350 ◽  
pp. 2442-2446
Author(s):  
Xiao Yin Xu ◽  
Li Hong Ren ◽  
Yong Sheng Ding
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Recommendation System ◽  
Evidence Theory ◽  
Suitable Method ◽  
Improved Method ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Intelligent Recognition

In this paper, we use GA to improve the D-S evidence theory, and apply the improved D-S evidence theory to VIP intelligent recognition and recommendation system. In the VIP intelligent recognition and recommendation system of clothes, there are three main evidences: body size, personal preferences, and purchase records. So collision often happens inevitable. This requirement asks us to find out a suitable method to identify the VIPs needs. D-S evidence theory can improve the rate of identification, but has no idea about the collision. The improved D-S evidence theory based on genetic algorithm can deal with the collision evidence and improve the rate of the identification and the stability. As such we can provide VIP more suitable recommendation. The experiment results of clothes recommendation demonstrate the flexibility of the improved method.

Effect of the environment on processing and handling materials at sea

1978 ◽  
Vol 290 (1366) ◽  
pp. 161-177 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Water ◽  
Seasonal Variations ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Floating Structure ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Waste Products ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Vast Range ◽  
Significant Factors

Compared with conventional land-based mining and processing operations, the exploitation of minerals from the seabed, particularly in deep water, involves a vast range of new problems in conducting the various stages of mining, transportation, processing and disposal of waste products, in a marine environment. In all such operations the ways in which local sea and weather conditions and their seasonal variations affect the stability of the vehicle, be it ship or other floating structure or submersible from which the operations are being conducted, have to be taken into account. The resulting motion together with vibration generated by propulsion and other machinery are significant factors in the performance and behaviour of equipment and materials during processing, handling and transportation operations at sea. In deep-sea mining operations at depths of 2-5 km the effects of associated pressure, salinity and temperature must also be dealt with. The paper reviews the present state of such knowledge as currently practised in continental-shelf operations, and as proposed in various deep-sea mining operations. Associated research requirements for future mineral exploitation in the deep-sea environment are discussed.

scholarly journals Gas Seeps at the Edge of the Gas Hydrate Stability Zone on Brazil’s Continental Margin

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Ketzer ◽  
Daniel Praeg ◽  
Maria A.G. Pivel ◽  
Adolpho H. Augustin ◽  
Luiz F. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Collapse ◽  
Continental Margin ◽  
Gas Hydrate ◽  
Deep Sea ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Cold Seep ◽  
Stability Zone ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Sea Fan ◽  
Hydrate Stability

Gas hydrate provinces occur in two sedimentary basins along Brazil’s continental margin: (1) The Rio Grande Cone in the southeast, and (2) the Amazon deep-sea fan in the equatorial region. The occurrence of gas hydrates in these depocenters was first detected geophysically and has recently been proven by seafloor sampling of gas vents, detected as water column acoustic anomalies rising from seafloor depressions (pockmarks) and/or mounds, many associated with seafloor faults formed by the gravitational collapse of both depocenters. The gas vents include typical features of cold seep systems, including shallow sulphate reduction depths (<4 m), authigenic carbonate pavements, and chemosynthetic ecosystems. In both areas, gas sampled in hydrate and in sediments is dominantly formed by biogenic methane. Calculation of the methane hydrate stability zone for water temperatures in the two areas shows that gas vents occur along its feather edge (water depths between 510 and 760 m in the Rio Grande Cone and between 500 and 670 m in the Amazon deep-sea fan), but also in deeper waters within the stability zone. Gas venting along the feather edge of the stability zone could reflect gas hydrate dissociation and release to the oceans, as inferred on other continental margins, or upward fluid flow through the stability zone facilitated by tectonic structures recording the gravitational collapse of both depocenters. The potential quantity of venting gas on the Brazilian margin under different scenarios of natural or anthropogenic change requires further investigation. The studied areas provide natural laboratories where these critical processes can be analyzed and quantified.

scholarly journals Investigation of Indoor Stability Testing of Polymer Solar Cell

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pelin Kavak ◽  
Elif Alturk Parlak
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Organic Solar Cell ◽  
Polymer Solar Cell ◽  
Stability Testing ◽  
Solar Cell Efficiency ◽  
Cell Efficiency ◽  
Photocurrent Generation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
First Time

We have fabricated organic solar cell of a new low bandgap polymer poly[4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta[2,1-b:3,4-b′]dithiophene-2,6-diyl-alt-4,7-bis(2-thienyl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-5′,5′′-diyl] (PCPDTTBTT). We have investigated for the first time the stability tests, ISOS-L-1 and ISOS-D-3, of PCPDTTBTT solar cells. Thermal annealing of PCPDTTBTT solar cells at 80°C brought about an improvement of photocurrent generation, stability, and efficiency of the solar cells. T80 value of PCPDTTBTT solar cell is about 150 hours which is close to P3HT (235 h). PCPDTTBTT is very promising polymer for both polymer solar cell efficiency and stability.

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