scholarly journals Power Saving Scheduling For Iot based Garbage Monitoring System

Now a days to protect our self from the environment pollution is very important because the environment was polluted by the different things in different ways. One of the common biggest challenges is garbage which was produced by the human things negligence or by external factors. To minimize this problem many authors proposed their own solutions which are useful to garbage collectors during the garbage collection process. These proposed solutions are so efficient but they are not giving maximum performance due to their internal designing problems, like software hanging, reliability, battery backup etc. One of the biggest problem is battery backup; due to lack of battery backup these garbage collection systems are not sending the garbage information to the garbage collectors, so these collectors are not collecting the garbage in time. To solve this problem the current research is proposing the concept about energy management for the garbage collection system.

In most of the cities the overflowed garbage dumpsters are creating an obnoxious smell and making an unhygienic environment. The Collection of garbage is a very much needed municipal service that requires huge expenditures and execution of this operation is high-priced. The high pricing is due to the various factors such as man power, navigation of vehicles, fuel, maintenances and environmental costs. The above factor necessitates the design, implementation and execution of the new Smart Intelligent Garbage Alert System (SIGAS) for the smart cities. This paper focuses on the implementation of an IoT based embedded system which integrates various Sensors & controllers with RF transmitter and receiver for dumpster and vehicle monitoring system with their performance measured in real time environment.


2021 ◽  
Vol 926 (1) ◽  
pp. 012063
Author(s):  
A H Yunianto ◽  
E Prayetno ◽  
F I Susanto ◽  
T Suhendra

Abstract This research aims to design an automatic garbage collection system using a Programmable logic controller (PLC) and an Arduino Uno waste monitoring system. The function of this tool is to make people easier for clean marine debris, which is usually clean manually. In this case, operators or cleaners are only sufficient to wait for information in SMS if the trash bin is fully loaded. This study used an LDR sensor as input to respond to the state of the wastebasket and a DC motor used as a transmission system in transporting and moving the position of the wastebasket. In addition, using the ultrasonic sensor as input in the trash bin and a GSM SIM 900 A module functions as a medium for sending messages that the trash bin was full. Resultant of this study indicate that the tool can lift ±0.5 kg of waste per hour, with the heaviest weight that can be lifted ±0.7 kg and the lightest weight of ±0.5 kg with the most types of rubbish obtained in the form of plastic and other small debris.


The objective of this proposed system is to stay clean and to cover all urban areas of Indian cities. In existing waste collection systems, there is no proper planning for waste collection due to certain problems that make the city unsanitary. The work which consists in cleaning the trash cans is not responsible and which aggravates the system in the event of emergency, an appropriate monitoring is compulsory to keep the city clean and green. Only the manual waste collection system is available. There are no automatic or technological systems. This proposed system is designed for efficient waste collection using the Internet of Things. The system uses a cloud-based monitoring system for monitoring waste. With the use of a cloud-based system, there is no need to regularly check the bins. The proposed model has dustbins contain Arduino based sensing and monitoring system which gives the information about the levels of filling of dustbins and locations. Whenever any dustbin is filled up, a message is sent to the concerned central station where regularly monitoring the levels and positions of dustbins is to be done. This station monitors all the dustbin levels and gives the directions of collecting the garbage by sending message to the garbage collectors and authority. This will avoid overflow of waste in the bin. A prototype of proposed system to be designed as per the consideration of all problems in garbage collection process and by this the proposal makes the city towards a smart city. That fulfils the goals of Swachhbharat.


Author(s):  
И.А. Уткина ◽  
В.В. Рубцов

Ранняя (Quercus robur var. praecox Czern.) и поздняя (Q. robur var. tardiflora Czern.) фенологические формы дуба черешчатого, выделенные в самостоятельные таксоны в середине XIX в., неоднократно становились объектами исследований для специалистов разного профиля. Собрано немало данных о различиях в их росте, требованиях к условиям местообитания, устойчивости к неблагоприятным внешним факторам. Иногда кроме ранней и поздней феноформ выделяют еще и промежуточные между ними. Наиболее отчетливо различия между феноформами, обусловленные разными сроками листораспускания, проявляются в реакции на поздние весенние заморозки и повреждение листвы насекомыми-филлофагами. Так как на деревьях поздней формы листовые и цветочные почки раскрываются намного позже, чем на ранней, поздняя форма избегает повреждения весенними заморозками. Кроме того, обладая меньшей способностью к формированию летних побегов, она меньше повреждается и ранними осенними заморозками, а также зимними морозами, что способствует образованию у нее более прямых и полнодревесных стволов, по сравнению с ранней формой. Ранняя форма чаще и сильнее повреждается филлофагами ранневесеннего комплекса, у которых отрождение гусениц из яиц синхронизировано с раскрытием почек и распусканием листьев. Есть данные, что видовой состав вредителей листвы на деревьях ранней и поздней форм дуба при их совместном произрастании примерно одинаков, зато численность отдельных видов филлофагов и их соотношение различны. На деревьях ранней формы их больше в несколько раз, что объясняется совпадением фаз развития большинства ранневесенних видов филлофагов и листвы этой формы дуба. Согласно результатам проведенных исследований, поздняя форма предпочтительнее для создания лесных культур дуба как более устойчивая к неблагоприятным погодным условиям и насекомым-вредителям. Early (Quercus robur var. praecox Czern.) and late (Q. robur var. tardiflora Czern.) phenological forms of the common oak, recognized as independent taxa in the mid-nineteenth century, have been subjects of multiple studies by specialists of different fields. Abundant data on the differences in their growth requirements, habitat conditions, and resistance to unfavorable external factors have been collected. Some specialists in addition to early and late phenoforms distinguish intermediate forms. Most clearly the differences between these forms appear in response to late spring frosts and damage of leaves by phyllophagous insects due to different timing of the forms' leafing. As leaf and flower buds in late oaks are revealed much later than in early oaks, late form avoids damage by spring frosts. In addition, due to lower ability to form summer shoots, late oaks are less damaged by early autumn frosts and winter freeze, which contributes to the formation of more straight and full trunks comparing to early oaks. Early oaks are damaged more severely by phyllophagous insects of spring complex, in which hatching of caterpillars from eggs is synchronized with opening buds and unfolding of leaves. There is evidence that species composition of foliage pests on co-occurant early and late forms of oak is nearly the same, but the number of individual species of phyllophagous insects and their ratio are different. In the early form the number of phyllophagous insects is greater by several fold due to concurrence of developmental phases in most early spring phyllophagous species and foliage of this oak form. The obtained results show that the late form of common oak is preferable for forest plantations as more resistant to unfavorable weather conditions and insect pests.


2012 ◽  
Vol 503-504 ◽  
pp. 1651-1654
Author(s):  
Guo Yong Zhang ◽  
Shuo Wu

The vibration can influence the running of devices in the engine room. It is necessary to monitor the vibration state of all running machineries. Through integrating the Bluetooth technology into the common vibration sensor, a wireless on-line vibration monitoring system is designed to monitor all devices. It will be helpful to avoid severe failure and improve the cruising ability.


Author(s):  
Amer A. Majeed ◽  
Nawzad M. Hamawandy ◽  
Freya A. Abdul Karim

The study aims to identify the collection system and the mechanism of collecting it in light of the financial crisis, as well as to identify the extent of the obligation of taxpayers to pay taxes in the Kurdistan Region during the years of study, and the problem of the study comes about the presence of obstacles in the process of tax collection, by not submitting periodic statements and paying the required tax And the lack of information related to the taxpayer's income in the tax declaration and its lack of inclusion, in addition to the ignorance of the taxpayers of the tax laws in light of the existence of the financial crisis, as well as the failure of the tax department to follow up the work of the taxpayers. The research reached a set of results, including the instability of the economic situation in the Kurdistan Region during the period of the study that negatively affected the tax collection process, and thus led to the inability of the taxpayer to pay the tax, and the conclusion of the research reached the presentation of a number of proposals that emphasize the encouragement of taxpayers to Submit tax returns and periodic statements on time according to the law, in order to ensure that the tax debt is collected on time to avoid the risk of non-collection, as well as drafting clear and explicit laws and legislations because laws determine the success or failure of the tax collection mechanism.


Author(s):  
V. Nakhodov ◽  
O. Borychenko ◽  
A. Cherniavskyi

Statistics show that energy is one of the highest operating costs in a manufacturing enterprise. So, improving energy efficiency can lead to a significant increase in profits and reduce the impact of the enterprise on the environment. To increase the performance of energy efficiency activities, it is necessary to implement an energy management system. One of the components of this system is energy monitoring, which, in turn, is based on the periodic collection and analysis of data to assess the state of the monitoring objects in terms of energy efficiency. In this paper, the role and place of energy monitoring in the energy management system of an industrial enterprise are noted. The paper proposes the concept of creating energy monitoring system in industrial companies, which is based on the combination of a monitoring system based on specific energy consumption, and usage of group energy characteristics of production facilities. Implementing such energy monitoring systems will allow to conduct operational control of energy efficiency of production facilities by creating individual systems for monitoring energy efficiency, as well as successfully carry out such monitoring at the enterprise and its subdivisions over longer periods of time using specific energy consumption indicators. It also provides general guidelines for conducting energy monitoring. These guidelines were formed based on the results of studying various methods and scientific publications in the field of energy monitoring, as well as on the basis of practical experience in the development and implementation of energy management systems. Particular attention is paid to the issues of processing and analysis of information about the objects of energy monitoring of industrial enterprises. The practical application of the concept of creating energy monitoring systems envisages gradual improvement of the existing monitoring system based on the specific energy consumption, which will be further completely replaced with individual energy efficiency monitoring systems.


2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-18
Author(s):  
Taha E. Al-jarakh ◽  
Osama Abbas Hussein ◽  
Alaa Khamees Al-azzawi ◽  
Mahmood Farhan Mosleh

The main challenge of this research is to scale the IoT platform aspects related to exchanging, processing, and archiving messages at the lowest cost compute-wise, through evaluating and selecting the most appropriate techniques that can be used in the design of the environment pollution monitoring system for a case study of Iraq. The entirety of the optimization process aims to provide a nation-wide community-oriented service via the scalable platform. The platform provides an intake for a huge number of sensing nodes. Compute-operations following the form of data analysis, aggregation, sensors’ monitoring for the five air pollutants (SO2, CO, O3, NO2, and PM), in addition to radioactive contamination. Thus system-level performance evaluation takes place on the major compute-intensive operations. Thus, proposals are made to optimize the performance in terms of reducing the scripts execution time and the size of data and messages transmitted and stored in the system.


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