Implementation of Protective Device for Lineman Protection in Real Time Operation

this paper is proposed to control an electrical switch with the assistance of OTP based password. A keypad is associated with the task to enter the secret password. During the electric line fixing Lethal electrical accidents to the lineman are increasing because of the lack of communication between the linemen working staff and the electric substation officers. This proposed framework gives an answer, which can guarantee the wellbeing of the lineman. Since the control to turn on/off lies with the lineman. So there is the arrangement in the system and a password is required to operate the electrical switch i.e. on and off. The lineman has to carry the RF-ID tag that will be inserted into RF-ID reader to generate a one-time password. OTP will be received by the lineman. After inserting correct OTP Lineman will trip the supply and after securely repairing it, again he can turn the supply for respective phase. A microcontroller from ARDUINO family is used in the framework for complete operation and control. The microcontroller is interfaced with the matrix keypad to enter the secret one time password. The entered secret OTP is compared with the password stored in the microcontroller’s Read-only memory. If OTP matches with the stored one than only electrical switches can be turned on or off otherwise it will say the wrong password. A light emitting diode is used to intimate the activation and deactivation of the electrical switch. Because of the use of EEPROM, the user does not have to remember the secret password. The microcontroller is interfaced with the Global system of mobile (GSM) to monitor the operation by lineman by the means of SMS. When lineman trip the supply a message will be sent to a higher authority about the Activation and deactivation of the electrical switch.

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Design, Measurements and Characterization of Smart Electronic Board for PV Streetlight based on LED and High Intensity Discharge Lamps

Advanced Instrument Engineering ◽

10.4018/978-1-4666-4165-5.ch012 ◽

2013 ◽

pp. 153-165

Author(s):

Paolo Visconti ◽

Daniele Romanello ◽

Giovanni Zizzari ◽

Vito Ventura ◽

Giorgio Cavalera

Keyword(s):

Rural Areas ◽

High Intensity ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Electronic Board ◽

Lighting Systems ◽

And Control ◽

Near Future ◽

Hid Lamps

This work presents an electronic board for driving and control of High Intensity Discharge (HID) lamps and Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps. The proposed electronic board is able to drive HID or LED lamps by means of a reconfigurable output. This feature allows using the ballast in lighting systems that currently use traditional discharge lamps, as well as keeping the same ballast when discharge lamps are replaced by LED modules in the near future, when LED street lighting systems will be more affordable. Additionally, since the lighting system is designed to be used in rural areas where there is no public electricity, each lighting point incorporates a system to convert solar energy into continuous voltage by means of photovoltaic panels. In this work, energy saving issues are taken into account.

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Integration of Human Factors into Electronic Digital Watch Design

Proceedings of the Human Factors Society Annual Meeting ◽

10.1177/154193127602000509 ◽

1976 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 141-144

Author(s):

Andrew D. Le Cocq

Keyword(s):

Human Factors ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Number Of Factors ◽

And Control ◽

Filter Selection

Integrating human factors considerations into the design of a digital watch involved a number of factors relating to both display and control considerations. This paper discusses studies performed to determine specific display and control requirements during the design of the Texas Instruments Microelectronic Digital watch. These studies included Light Emitting Diode (LED) and display filter selection, automatic brightness dimming and operational procedures.

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Design and Control of Genetic Algorithm-Based Multi-Station LED Chip Waxing Machine

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.1856 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 805-806 ◽

pp. 1856-1860

Author(s):

Xiang Yu Sun ◽

Ying Chun Zhang ◽

Zuo Xun Wang ◽

Tao Hao

Keyword(s):

Genetic Algorithm ◽

Assembly Line ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Automated Assembly ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Single Station ◽

Line Work ◽

And Control ◽

Serial Mode ◽

Working Efficiency

Based on the existing LED (light emitting diode) chip waxing machine running in single-station serial mode, a multi-station LED chip waxing machine was designed which made creative improvements on the revolving platform of the waxing machine. Working efficiency was greatly increased with multi-station continuous parallel working mode. The control system used genetic algorithm-based PID (proportion integration differentiation) control to precisely control the revolving platform and all the manipulators, so that the waxing machine would carry out the fully automated assembly line work.

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Assessing the Therapeutic Effect of 630 nm Light-Emitting Diodes Irradiation on the Recovery of Exercise-Induced Hand Muscle Fatigue with Surface Electromyogram

International Journal of Photoenergy ◽

10.1155/2012/652040 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dandan Yang ◽

Xiaoying Wu ◽

Wensheng Hou ◽

Xiaolin Zheng ◽

Jun Zheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Fatigue ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Voluntary Contraction ◽

Control Group ◽

Flexor Digitorum Superficialis ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Hand Muscle ◽

Exercise Induced ◽

Flexor Digitorum ◽

And Control

This paper aims to investigate the effect of light emitting diode therapy (LEDT) on exercise-induced hand muscle fatigue by measuring the surface electromyography (sEMG) of flexor digitorum superficialis. Ten healthy volunteers were randomly placed in the equal sized LEDT group and control group. All subjects performed a sustained fatiguing isometric contraction with the combination of four fingertips except thumb at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until exhaustion. The active LEDT or an identical passive rest therapy was then applied to flexor digitorum superficialis. Each subject was required to perform a re-fatigue task immediately after therapy which was the same as the pre-fatigue task. Average rectified value (ARV) and fractal dimension (FD) of sEMG were calculated. ARV and FD were significantly different between active LEDT and passive rest groups at 20%–50%, 70%–80%, and 100% of normalized contraction time (P<0.05). Compared to passive rest, active LEDT induced significantly smaller increase in ARV values and decrease in FD values, which shows that LEDT is effective on the recovery of muscle fatigue. Our preliminary results also suggest that ARV and FD are potential replacements of biochemical markers to assess the effects of LEDT on muscle fatigue.

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LIGHT EMITTING DIODE DRIVERS AND CONTROL

International Journal of High Speed Electronics and Systems ◽

10.1142/s0129156411006593 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 20 (02) ◽

pp. 267-286

Author(s):

STEVE WINDER

Keyword(s):

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Current Source ◽

Constant Current ◽

Constant Current Source ◽

Basic Principles ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Control Techniques ◽

Switching Regulator ◽

Step Down ◽

And Control

This paper outlines the various driving and control techniques for Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs). LEDs should be driven from a constant current source. High power LEDs are usually driven from a switching regulator, for reasons of efficiency. The types of drivers described include Buck (step-down), Boost (step-up) and Buck-Boost (step-up or step-down). Isolated drivers and Power Factor Correction (PFC) circuits are also described. This brief paper can only describe the basic outline of these circuits, but this should be sufficient to allow the basic principles to be understood.

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Development of IoT based solution for monitoring & controlling of loads using Google Assistant with Home Security System

BSSS Journal of Computer ◽

10.51767/jc1105 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

M. Abdul Rahiman ◽

D Manohar

Keyword(s):

Smart Home ◽

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Smart Phone ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Security System ◽

Normal Families ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Cloud Application ◽

And Control ◽

Monitor And Control

The main aim of this project is to make a cost effective device which is used to monitor and control the loads by using simple voice commands. Previously we have ALEXA, SIRI & GOOGLE HOME which makes us more expensive. Even now when technology is handy enough only the well to do people of the society are blessed with these new smart home devices, as these devices costs are a bit high. However, not everyone is wealthy enough to be able to afford a human assistant, or some smart home kit. Hence, the need for finding an inexpensive and smart assistant for normal families keeps growing. This project proposes such inexpensive system. It uses the Google Assistant, the IFTTT application, the remoteme.org cloud application and the NodeMCU microcontroller as the major components along with a relay board comprising of 4 relays along with different sensors are working in this. Natural language voice is used to give commands to the Google Assistant All of the components are connected over the internet using Wi-Fi which puts this system under the IoT. And also we monitor data in this that is we using the different sensors like IR sensors, LDR (Light Emitting Diode) sensors etc; Not only to monitor and control the Loads but also providing the Security System to the Home, whenever the thief or the visitor enter into the room the owners will get push notification in their smart phone and also capturing the photos of visitors and uploaded to the Google Drive.

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Smart Street Lighting Detecting Vehicle and Pedestrian Movement Aiming for Sustainable Bhutan

International Journal of Engineering and Advanced Technology - Regular Issue ◽

10.35940/ijeat.c6329.029320 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 4276-4281

Keyword(s):

Light Emitting Diode ◽

Electrical Energy ◽

Fluorescent Lamp ◽

Infrared Source ◽

Light Emitting ◽

Underdeveloped Countries ◽

Global Issue ◽

High Initial Cost ◽

Compact Fluorescent Lamp ◽

And Control

An energy crisis is global issue nowadays. Bhutan however, does not realize it being blessed with good geographical and demographical diversity. It is high time that Bhutan realize the need of energy conservation technique. The electrical energy is wasted unnecessarily which starts from keeping the mobile charger plugged in the socket when not in use to lamps keeping ON in streets throughout day and night. People don’t seem to care but monitoring it for better conservation benefit has become crucial in underdeveloped countries like Bhutan whose source of energy is limited to hydropower only. Wind and solar generations are feasible but the energy cost per unit would be very high due to high initial cost. A case study conducted within the college campus revealed tremendous savings a college can make just by replacing conventional compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) with light emitting diode (LED). Therefore, the best option for Bhutan and Bhutanese people is to take better care of the existing energy sources and use it judiciously. This paper proposes a method to monitor and control the street/compound lighting in a smarter way. The two types of sensors are employed. The light dependent resistor (LDR) is used to monitor the intensity or brightness of surrounding and passive infrared (PIR) sensor is employed for detecting infrared source. The sensor output is processed and monitored by the PIC16F877A microcontroller. Moreover, the incandescent lamp and the compact fluorescent lamp will be replaced by LED lamps. The project aims to reduce power consumption in Bhutan through proposer control of street/compound lighting so as to have better economy of the country by exporting more unit of energy to neighboring country.

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Research of a Rotating Machine Reconfigurable Monitoring System

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.29-32.868 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 29-32 ◽

pp. 868-873 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jian Wan ◽

Tai Yong Wang ◽

Yi Yuan

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Monitoring System ◽

Task Assignment ◽

Operation System ◽

Rotating Machine ◽

Machine Monitoring ◽

Time Operation ◽

Real Time Operation ◽

Filter Type ◽

And Control

To get over the problem that only one type of filter cannot meet the requests of field monitoring, a rotating machine monitoring system that can reconstruct filter type was developed based on ARM, DSP and FPAA. The dual-CPU consisted of ARM and DSP was used as the computing and control core of the system; FPAA was used to achieve that the filter type can be reconfigured; RT-Linux was imported as embedded real-time operation system, which achieved hiberarchy design of software and enhanced the operational stability and real-time performance of task assignment. Put into practice, it was confirmed that the system was effective.

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