scholarly journals Design of CABAC Entropy Decoding, Inverse Quantization, Inverse Transform Blocks of H.264 Decoder using Verilog HDL

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S3) ◽  
pp. 255-259
Keyword(s):  
Video Compression ◽  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Verilog Hdl ◽  
Compression Efficiency ◽  
Video Decoder ◽  
Inverse Transform ◽  
Inverse Quantization ◽  
Advanced Video Coding ◽  
Time Limitations

Video compression/decompression is a term used to define a method for compressing or decompressing digital video. There are different video compression /decompression standards. H.264 which is also known as Advanced Video Coding is a paradigm, most commonly used these days. The objective of developing H.264 is to devise a standard which can impart good quality of video at a nether bit rates as compared to previous standards. To improve compression efficiency, H.264 encoders/decoders uses complex algorithms and modes which require more power. From studies we know that software-based implementations of these encoders/decoders on DSPs and CPUs suffer by few real time limitations. Hence hardware implementation of video encoders and decoders are necessary. Here in this paper Entropy decoding, Inverse Transform and Inverse Quantization blocks of H.264 Video decoder are designed using Verilog and simulated by Xilinx ISE Simulator

scholarly journals A Semi-Fragile Video Watermarking Algorithm Based on H.264/AVC

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Chen Li ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Kai Liu ◽  
Lihua Tian
Keyword(s):  
Video Compression ◽  
Tamper Detection ◽  
Video Watermarking ◽  
Medium Frequency ◽  
Authentication Code ◽  
Frame Number ◽  
Advanced Video Coding ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

With the increasing application of advanced video coding (H.264/AVC) in the multimedia field, a great significance to research in video watermarking based on this video compression standard has been established. We propose a semifragile video watermarking algorithm, which can simultaneously implement frame attack and video tamper detection, herein. In this paper, the frame number is selected as the watermark information, and the relationship of the discrete cosine transform (DCT) nonzero coefficients is used as the authentication code. The 4×4 subblocks, whose DCT nonzero coefficients are sufficiently complex, are selected to embed the watermark. The parities of these nonzero coefficients in the medium frequency are modulated to embed watermarks. The experimental results show that the visual quality of the embedded watermarked video is virtually unaffected, and the algorithm exhibits good robustness. Furthermore, the algorithm can correctly implement frame attack and video tamper detection.

Enhancing Visual Quality of Multi-view 360 Video Compression Pipeline

2019 ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Junyoung Yun ◽  
Hong-Chang Shin ◽  
Gwangsoon Lee ◽  
Jong-Il Park
Keyword(s):  
Video Compression ◽  
Visual Quality

scholarly journals Impact of Scene Content on High Resolution Video Quality

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 2872
Author(s):  
Miroslav Uhrina ◽  
Anna Holesova ◽  
Juraj Bienik ◽  
Lukas Sevcik
Keyword(s):  
Video Compression ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Video Quality ◽  
Video Sequences ◽  
Compression Efficiency ◽  
Opinion Score ◽  
Scene Description ◽  
Two Parameters ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

This paper deals with the impact of content on the perceived video quality evaluated using the subjective Absolute Category Rating (ACR) method. The assessment was conducted on eight types of video sequences with diverse content obtained from the SJTU dataset. The sequences were encoded at 5 different constant bitrates in two widely video compression standards H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC at Full HD and Ultra HD resolutions, which means 160 annotated video sequences were created. The length of Group of Pictures (GOP) was set to half the framerate value, as is typical for video intended for transmission over a noisy communication channel. The evaluation was performed in two laboratories: one situated at the University of Zilina, and the second at the VSB—Technical University in Ostrava. The results acquired in both laboratories reached/showed a high correlation. Notwithstanding the fact that the sequences with low Spatial Information (SI) and Temporal Information (TI) values reached better Mean Opinion Score (MOS) score than the sequences with higher SI and TI values, these two parameters are not sufficient for scene description, and this domain should be the subject of further research. The evaluation results led us to the conclusion that it is unnecessary to use the H.265/HEVC codec for compression of Full HD sequences and the compression efficiency of the H.265 codec by the Ultra HD resolution reaches the compression efficiency of both codecs by the Full HD resolution. This paper also includes the recommendations for minimum bitrate thresholds at which the video sequences at both resolutions retain good and fair subjectively perceived quality.

scholarly journals Deep insights into urinary tract infections and effective natural remedies

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi Sedigheh Fazly Bazzaz ◽  
Sareh Darvishi Fork ◽  
Reza Ahmadi ◽  
Bahman Khameneh
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Herbal Medicines ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Development Of Resistance ◽  
Natural Remedies ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Time Limitations

Abstract Background Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common occurrence in females, during pregnancy, and in peri- and postmenopausal women. UTIs are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, and they affect the quality of life of the affected patients. Antibiotic therapy is an effective approach and reduces the duration of symptoms. Development of resistance, adverse effects of antibiotics, and other associated problems lead to establishing the research framework to find out the alternative approaches in controlling UTIs. Natural approaches have been extensively used for the management of various diseases to improve symptoms and also improve general health. Main body Different databases were employed to identify studies reporting on natural options including herbal medicines, vitamins, trace elementals, sugars, and probiotics without time limitations. Conclusion Herbal medicines can be effective at the first sign of the infection and also for short-term prophylaxis. Using vitamins, trace elementals, and/or sugars is an effective approach in preventing UTIs, and a combination of them with other antibacterial agents shows positive results. Probiotics have great potential for the threat of antibiotic over-usage and the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms. This study may be of use in developing the efficient formulation of treatment of UTI.

scholarly journals A method for reducing information redundancy of digital images for cloud storage

Connectivity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 148 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. I. Katkov ◽  
◽  
O. S. Zvenigorodsky ◽  
O. V. Zinchenko ◽  
V. V. Onyshchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Compression ◽  
Video Compression ◽  
Cloud Storage ◽  
Video Data ◽  
Information Redundancy ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Video Information ◽  
Quality Video ◽  
High Quality Video

The article is devoted to the topical issue of finding new effective and improving existing widespread compression methods in order to reduce computational complexity and improve the quality of image-renewable image compression images, is important for the introduction of cloud technologies. The article presents a problem To increase the efficiency of cloud storage, it is necessary to determine methods for reducing the information redundancy of digital images by fractal compression of video content, to make recommendations on the possibilities of applying these methods to solve various practical problems. The necessity of storing high-quality video information in new HDTV formats 2k, 4k, 8k in cloud storage to meet the existing needs of users has been substantiated. It is shown that when processing and transmitting high quality video information there is a problem of reducing the redundancy of video data (image compression) provided that the desired image quality is preserved, restored by the user. It has been shown that in cloud storage the emergence of such a problem is historically due to the contradiction between consumer requirements for image quality and the necessary volumes and ways to reduce redundancy of video data, which are transmitted over communication channels and processed in data center servers. The solution to this problem is traditionally rooted in the search for effective technologies for compressing, archiving and compressing video information. An analysis of video compression methods and digital video compression technology has been performed, which reduces the amount of data used to represent the video stream. Approaches to image compression in cloud storage under conditions of preservation or a slight reduction in the amount of data that provide the user with the specified quality of the restored image are shown. Classification of special compression methods without loss and with information loss is provided. Based on the analysis, it is concluded that it is advisable to use special methods of compression with loss of information to store high quality video information in the new formats HDTV 2k, 4k, 8k in cloud storage. The application of video image processing and their encoding and compression on the basis of fractal image compression is substantiated. Recommendations for the implementation of these methods are given.

scholarly journals MODELLING OF FREIGHT FLOWS DISTRIBUTION AT THE TRANSPORT TERMINAL

Transport ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adolfas Baublys
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Topological Structure ◽  
Road Transport ◽  
System Structure ◽  
Delivery Time ◽  
Structural System ◽  
Regional System ◽  
Time Limitations ◽  
System Characteristics

The task model has been formulated for users of freight flows at a distribution transport terminal, which enables gauging vehicles possibilities (dimensions, carrying capacity), delivery time limitations, resources of vehicle time and general costs. The synthesis of the topological structure of the freight road transport regional system has been performed. It enables the evaluation of an impact on the functioning of the system exercised by various structural system characteristics, thus improving the quality of project solutions at the stage of synthesis of the system structure.

scholarly journals A novel two-dimensional reversible data hiding method with high embedding capacity in H.264/advanced video coding

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 155014772091100
Author(s):  
Yi Chen ◽  
Hongxia Wang ◽  
Xiaoxu Tang ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Hanzhou Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Video Coding ◽  
Video Compression ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Error Concealment ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
High Embedding Capacity ◽  
Advanced Video Coding

Developing the technology of reversible data hiding based on video compression standard, such as H.264/advanced video coding, has attracted increasing attention from researchers. Because it can be applied in some applications, such as error concealment and privacy protection. This has motivated us to propose a novel two-dimensional reversible data hiding method with high embedding capacity in this article. In this method, all selected quantized discrete cosine transform coefficients are first paired two by two. And then, each zero coefficient-pair can embed 3 information bits and the coefficient-pairs only containing one zero coefficient can embed 1 information bit. In addition, only one coefficient of each one of the rest coefficient-pairs needs to be changed for reversibility. Therefore, the proposed two-dimensional reversible data hiding method can obtain high embedding capacity when compared with the related work. Moreover, the proposed method leads to less degradation in terms of peak-signal-to-noise ratio, structural similarity index, and less impact on bit-rate increase.

Implementation of CRC by Using FPGA in Data Communication

2013 ◽  
Vol 325-326 ◽  
pp. 1805-1808
Author(s):  
Lie Wang ◽  
Yi Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Hardware Implementation ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Hardware Description Language ◽  
Verilog Hdl ◽  
Description Language ◽  
Communication Structure ◽  
Development Platform ◽  
Hardware Description ◽  
Analyze Data

By introducing the basic principle of ordinary CRC algorithm, the paper develops an algorithm which can be used to analyze data communication structure and construct design process. At the same time, it can be quickly implemented in the data communication process. The algorithm uses Verilog HDL hardware description language to complete all the design on ISE development platform. And it uses Xilinxs development board Virtex-II Pro to achieve the final realization. Compared with traditional methods, the algorithm is simple and intuitive, which reduces computational the delays and saves space. It also benefits hardware implementation.

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