scholarly journals Bio Oil from Bio Waste (Mahua Oil Cake) Using Fast Pyrolysis Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2525-2528
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Pyrolysis Temperature ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Mahua Oil ◽  
Bio Oil

Biomass is a renewable resource utilized to produce bio fuel from bio waste. In this experiment, fixed bed fast pyrolysis is carried out on a model of mahua oil cake (MOC dimension) to conclude predominantly the consequences of pyrolysis temperature, MOC dimension and nitrogen gas flow rate from the pyrolysis yields. The temperature, MOC dimension and nitrogen gas flow rate were varied between 500 to 600 oC, 2 mm to 6 mm and 0.2 to 0.4 liter per min (lpm). The utmost oil yield of 25.90 wt % was attained for a nitrogen gas flow rate of 0.3 lpm, particle size of 4 mm and pyrolysis temperature of 550oC. The pyrolysis oil had a calorific value of 28180 KJ/kg. The pyrolysis gas may well be utilized as a gaseous fuel. In addition, the bio-oil was illustrated by elemental, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyzer.

scholarly journals Effect of operating parameters on production of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of maize stalk in bubbling fluidized bed reactor

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najaf Ali ◽  
Mahmood Saleem ◽  
Khurram Shahzad ◽  
Sadiq Hussain ◽  
Arshad Chughtai
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Superficial Velocity ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Carrier Gas ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Carrier Gas Flow

Abstract The yield and composition of pyrolysis products depend on the characteristics of feed stock and process operating parameters. Effect of particle size, reaction temperature and carrier gas flow rate on the yield of bio-oil from fast pyrolysis of Pakistani maize stalk was investigated. Pyrolysis experiments were performed at temperature range of 360-540°C, feed particle size of 1-2 mm and carrier gas fl ow rate of 7.0-13.0 m3/h (0.61.1 m/s superficial velocity). Bio-oil yield increased with the increase of temperature followed by a decreasing trend. The maximum yield of bio-oil obtained was 42 wt% at a temperature of 490°C with the particle size of around 1.0 mm and carrier gas flow rate of 11.0 m3/h (0.9 m/s superficial velocity). High temperatures resulted in the higher ratios of char and non-condensable gas.

The Physical Characteristics of Bio-Oil from Fast Pyrolysis of Rice Straw

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 881-886 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shou Yin Yang ◽  
Chih Yung Wu ◽  
Kun Ho Chen
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Carrier Gas ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Carrier Gas Flow

Rice straw is one of the main renewable energy sources in central and south Taiwan. In this study, bio-oil was produced from rice straw using a bench-scale plant that included a fluidized bed, a char removal system, and an oil collection system using an oil-recycling spray condenser. We investigated the effects of pyrolysis temperature and carrier gas flow rate on the distribution of products and on the properties of the bio-oil obtained. Experiments were conducted at reactor temperatures of 350–500 °C with carrier gas flow rates of 7.5–15 L/min and a feed rate of 1 kg/h. The results indicated that the optimum reaction temperature and carrier gas flow rate for the production of bio-oil were 450 °C and 10 L/min, respectively. The highest percentage of bio-oil in the products in these experiments was 41.3 wt%. The pH value of the bio-oil was ~4.1 and the viscosity was ~9 cSt (at 25 °C), depending on the storage time, temperature, and char content. This study establishes the operating parameters of a biomass fast pyrolysis system and provides some properties of rice straw bio-oil relevant to storage and use.

Bio-oil production from fast pyrolysis of maple fruit (acer platanoides samaras): product yields

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bahadir ◽  
Turgay Kar ◽  
Sedat Keles ◽  
Kamil Kaygusuz
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Fast Pyrolysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Pyrolysis Product ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactor ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Product Yields ◽  
Bio Oil

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate fast pyrolysis of maple fruit as an energy sources. This could serve as a solution to the energy sources problem. Design/methodology/approach Fast pyrolysis of maple fruit (samara) was achieved in a fixed bed reactor. The pyrolysis experiments have been conducted on the sample of maple seeds to particularly determine the effects of pyrolysis temperature, particle size and sweep gas flow rate on the pyrolysis product yields. Findings The oil of maple fruit from fast pyrolysis has good properties to be a potential candidate as a biofuel or as a source of chemicals. In addition to being environmentally desirable, it can reduce the energy cost, e.g. that Turkey imports a majority of its energy. Originality/value The use of maple fruit for fast pyrolysis and pyrolysis conditions impact on the yields of pyrolysis liquid can be considered as novel aspects of this paper.

Simulation of Catalytic Dehydrogenation of Cyclohexane in Zeolite Membrane Reactor

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashi Kumar ◽  
Tanvi Gaba ◽  
Surendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Zeolite Membrane ◽  
Hybrid Reactor ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Dehydrogenation Of Cyclohexane ◽  
Type Zeolite

A mathematical model is presented to investigate the performance of tubular catalytic membrane reactor for dehydrogenation of cyclohexane using a FAU type zeolite membrane. The empirical correlations for the permeance of cyclohexane, benzene and hydrogen through FAU type zeolite membrane as a function of temperature have been developed. Three reactor configurations have been considered: conventional fixed bed, full length membrane reactor and hybrid reactor. The reactor performance has been studied in terms of conversion of cyclohexane to produce hydrogen. The observed conversions are ranked in the order: full length membrane reactor > hybrid reactor > fixed bed reactor. The simulation studies have been carried out for two feed conditions: one with hydrogen and another without hydrogen. The effect of cofeeding of hydrogen, sweep gas flow rate variation, and dilution ratio on the conversion of cyclohexane has been investigated in detail. The maximum percent increase in conversion of cyclohexane has been obtained at 473 K in hybrid as well as in membrane reactor. This temperature is also found to be optimum for sweep gas flow rate of 4.5 x 10-5 mol s-1. The conversion is observed to be suppressed by cofeeding of hydrogen and percent reduction is lowest at high temperature of 490 K in membrane reactor. The enhancement in the conversion is observed as a consequence of dilution of the feed with inert gas. The results reveal that hybrid reactor is not necessarily a better choice than the full length membrane reactor. However, at the expense of loss of reactant, hybrid reactor is better than full length membrane reactor.

Fabrication of Nitride Thin Films on Si Substrates by Atomic Layer Deposition Technique

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170
Author(s):  
Shumpei Ogawa ◽  
Tatsuya Kuroda ◽  
Ryuga Koike ◽  
Hiroki Ishizaki
Keyword(s):  
Atomic Layer Deposition ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Microwave Plasma ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Plasma Power ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Nitrogen Radical ◽  
Atomic Layer Deposition Technique

AbstractRecently, Plasma Assisted Atomic Layer Deposition Technique will easily control the thickness and the composition of semiconductor films. The radical generated by using the plasma techniques, gave the decrease of the defect into the semiconductor films. In this investigation, the relationship between microwave plasma power, nitrogen gas flow rate and concentration of generated nitrogen radical, was evaluated. At the first, Plasma emission spectrum at microwave plasma power (0 to 400W) was measured using a mixed 200sccm argon gas and 10sccm nitrogen gas. Next, the plasma emission spectrum was measured in the mixing of nitrogen gas flow rate (0 to 40sccm) with 200sccm argon gas flow rate. At that time, the microwave plasma power was set to 200W. Nitrogen radical spectrum were identified from all the emission spectrum, and the nitrogen radical intensity was calculated. As a result, the nitrogen radical intensity became the largest at 200sccm argon gas flow rate and 10sccm nitrogen gas flow rate. In addition, the nitrogen radical intensity increased in proportion to the microwave plasma power. The concentration of generated nitrogen radical could be controlled by changing the microwave plasma power and the nitrogen gas flow rate. Mentioned above, nitride thin films will be obtained on Si Substrates by microwave generated remote plasma assisted atomic layer deposition technique.

INFLUENCE OF NITROGEN FLOW RATE IN REDUCING TIN MICRODROPLETS ON BIOMEDICAL TI-13ZR-13NB ALLOY

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arman Shah ◽  
S. Izman ◽  
M. A. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Gas Flow ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Gas Flow Rate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Tin Coating ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Deposition Parameters ◽  
Cathodic Arc

Cathodic arc physical vapor deposition (CAPVD) is one of the promising techniques that have a potential to coat titanium nitride (TiN) on biomedical implants due to its good adhesion and high evaporation rate. However, this method emits microdroplets which have the possible detrimental effect on the coating performance. Past studies indicated that micro droplets can be controlled through proper deposition parameters. In the present work, an attempt was made to study the effect of nitrogen gas flow rates (100 to 300 sccm) on TiN coating of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb biomedical alloy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate surface morphology and coating thickness while crystal phase of the coated substrates was determined using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Image analysis software was employed to quantify microdroplets counts. Results show that higher nitrogen gas flow rate able to decrease a significant amount of microdroplets and concurrently increase the thickness of TiN coating. A mixed crystal planes of (111) and (220) are obtained on the coated substrates at this setting which exhibits denser structure with higher adhesion strength as compared to substrates coated at the lower N2 gas flow rate.

Catalytic Pyrolysis of Palm Empty Fruit Bunch over Activated Natural Dolomite Catalyst: Product Distribution and Product Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 991 ◽  
pp. 111-116
Author(s):  
Arif Hidayat ◽  
Muflih Arisa Adnan ◽  
Achmad Chafidz
Keyword(s):  
Gas Flow ◽  
Catalytic Pyrolysis ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Product Analysis ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Fixed Bed Reactors ◽  
Bio Oil ◽  
Liquid Yield

In this study, an activated natural dolomite catalyst is used as catalyst for the palm empty fruit bunches (PEFB) pyrolysis to produce bio-oil. The research was conducted in fixed bed reactors operating in batches by varying several parameters, which are temperature (400-600°C) and nitrogen gas flow rate (100-300 mL.min-1). The results show that the catalytic pyrolysis process using an activated natural dolomite catalyst obtains a maximum liquid yield of 35.87% when using a 500°C catalytic pyrolysis temperature and the rate of nitrogen gas is 100 cm3/minute, while the yield of gas and solids is 53.12% and 11.76%, respectively. The use of the dolomite activation catalyst influences the product distribution of pyrolysis and the bio-oil chemical compounds.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document