scholarly journals Hardware Acceleration of SVM classifier using Zynq SoC FPGA

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 2280-2288
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Hardware Acceleration ◽  
Design Approach ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Breast Cancer Dataset ◽  
Ip Core ◽  
Custom Hardware

Support Vector Machines (SVM) is one of the most commonly used the state-of-the-art supervised machine learning algorithm for various classification problems. It provides high accuracy rate compared to other classification algorithms. However, When SVM is modelled only using Software, it is a time consuming algorithm due to its high computational complexity. This makes the algorithm to be not suitable for embedded real time applications. We propose a new hardware software co-design approach to achieve the real time performance by accelerating the computationally intensive classifier part of the algorithm as a custom hardware Intellectual Property (IP) core. In this paper, a novel Support Vector Machine (SVM) linear classifier is modelled as a custom hardware Intellectual Property (IP) core using High Level Synthesis (HLS). The developed IP core is optimized for latency and hardware resource utilization by applying various directives of HLS tool. The synthesis results of the IP core for Skin segmentation dataset is reported. The proposed hardware software co-design approach is implemented in real time on Zynq-7000 XC7Z020 System on Chip (SoC) field programmable gate arrays (FPGA). A detailed comparative results of proposed hardware software co-design approach and the complete software approach is reported in this work for Iris and Breast cancer dataset. A promising result of 18x speedup is achieved using SVM classifier hardware IP compared to is software counterpart.

Gaits Classification of Normal vs. Patients by Wireless Gait Sensor and Support Vector Machine (SVM) Classifier

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Nakano ◽  
B.T. Nukala ◽  
J. Tsay ◽  
Steven Zupancic ◽  
Amanda Rodriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Time Dynamic ◽  
Linear Svm ◽  
Dynamic Gait

Due to the serious concerns of fall risks for patients with balance disorders, it is desirable to be able to objectively identify these patients in real-time dynamic gait testing using inexpensive wearable sensors. In this work, the authors took a total of 49 gait tests from 7 human subjects (3 normal subjects and 4 patients), where each person performed 7 Dynamic Gait Index (DGI) tests by wearing a wireless gait sensor on the T4 thoracic vertebra. The raw gait data is wirelessly transmitted to a near-by PC for real-time gait data collection. To objectively identify the patients from the gait data, the authors used 4 different types of Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifiers based on the 6 features extracted from the raw gait data: Linear SVM, Quadratic SVM, Cubic SVM, and Gaussian SVM. The Linear SVM, Quadratic SVM and Cubic SVM all achieved impressive 98% classification accuracy, with 95.2% sensitivity and 100% specificity in this work. However, the Gaussian SVM classifier only achieved 87.8% accuracy, 71.7% sensitivity, and 100% specificity. The results obtained with this small number of human subjects indicates that in the near future, the authors should be able to objectively identify balance-disorder patients from normal subjects during real-time dynamic gaits testing using intelligent SVM classifiers.

scholarly journals Research on a Fast Human-Detection Algorithm for Unmanned Surveillance Area in Bulk Ports

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Mi ◽  
Xin He ◽  
Haiwei Liu ◽  
Youfang Huang ◽  
Weijian Mi
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Computing Time ◽  
Training Sample ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Human Detection ◽  
Security Requirements ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Histograms Of Oriented Gradients ◽  
Heavy Equipment

With the development of port automation, most operational fields utilizing heavy equipment have gradually become unmanned. It is therefore imperative to monitor these fields in an effective and real-time manner. In this paper, a fast human-detection algorithm is proposed based on image processing. To speed up the detection process, the optimized histograms of oriented gradients (HOG) algorithm that can avoid the large number of double calculations of the original HOG and ignore insignificant features is used to describe the contour of the human body in real time. Based on the HOG features, using a training sample set consisting of scene images of a bulk port, a support vector machine (SVM) classifier combined with the AdaBoost classifier is trained to detect human. Finally, the results of the human detection experiments on Tianjin Port show that the accuracy of the proposed optimized algorithm has roughly the same accuracy as a traditional algorithm, while the proposed algorithm only takes 1/7 the amount of time. The accuracy and computing time of the proposed fast human-detection algorithm were verified to meet the security requirements of unmanned port areas.

scholarly journals A real-time drowsiness and fatigue recognition using support vector machine

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 584
Author(s):  
Nur Nabilah Abu Mangshor ◽  
Iylia Ashiqin Abdul Majid ◽  
Shafaf Ibrahim ◽  
Nurbaity Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Face Expression ◽  
Exact Position ◽  
Sobel Edge Detection ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Current Accuracy

<p>A drowsiness and fatigue problems among the drivers are the main factor that contributes to road accidents. These problems are vital to be resolved as they could contribute to damage of road facilities, vehicles and most importantly the loss of lives. In avoiding these matters, a proper mechanism is needed to alert the driver to stay awake throughout the driving journey. Thus, this study proposed a real-time prototype for recognizing the drowsiness and fatigue face expression of the driver. The methodology of this study involves facial features detection using Viola-Jones algorithm to detect the exact position of both left and right eyes and mouth. Next, based on the detected eyes and mouth beforehand, the segmentation processes performed on both eyes and mouth using Sobel edge detection to obtain facial regions. The feature extraction phase is conducted using shape-based feature to obtain the extraction values. Support vector machine (SVM) classifier is deployed for the recognition task. A total of 100 images are used during the testing stages. This study achieved a competetive result of 90.00% of accuracy. Yet, hybridization or integration of more image processing techniques will be performed in the future to improve the current accuracy obtained.</p>

A Wearable Real-time Non-Contact Electrocardiogram System for Arrhythmia Detection and Classification (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongqiang Li ◽  
Sai Zhang ◽  
Shasha Zuo ◽  
Zhen Zhang ◽  
Binhua Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Feature Space ◽  
Primary Diagnosis ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Heart Health

BACKGROUND Driven by the increasing demand for potential patients to monitor their own heart health, wearable technology is increasingly helping people to better monitor their heart health status at a medical level. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to develop a flexible and non-contact wearable electrocardiogram system, which can achieve real-time monitoring and primary diagnosis. METHODS A flexible electrocardiogram (ECG) acquisition device (wearable ECG) is designed based on flexible front-end circuit and textile capacitive electrodes, which are based on a conductive textile instead of rigid metal plates. The multi-domain feature space consists of time-domain features and frequency-domain statistical features, which can be used for classification via a back-propagation neural network (BPNN) and a support vector machine (SVM), both of which are optimized using a genetic algorithm. RESULTS The BPNN classifier exhibits good performance, with an accuracy of 98.33%, a sensitivity of 98.33%, a specificity of 99.63% and a positive predictive value of 97.85%. The SVM classifier achieves a higher classification accuracy of 98.89% and also performs better than the BPNN classifier in terms of the sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value, achieving values of 98.89%, 99.81% and 98.89%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The experimental results reveal that there is a better classification effect of SVM when classifying normal heart rhythms and 8 types of arrhythmia. The proposed wearable ECG monitoring can aid in the primary diagnosis of certain heart diseases.

Automated Classification of Free-text Pathology Reports for Registration of Incident Cases of Cancer

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (03) ◽  
pp. 242-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Defossez ◽  
A. Burgun ◽  
P. le Beux ◽  
P. Levillain ◽  
P. Ingrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
International Agency ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Pathology Report ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Multiple Primary Cancer ◽  
Pathology Reports ◽  
Incident Cases

SummaryObjective: Our study aimed to construct and evaluate functions called “classifiers”, produced by supervised machine learning techniques, in order to categorize automatically pathology reports using solely their content.Methods: Patients from the Poitou-Charentes Cancer Registry having at least one pathology report and a single non-metastatic invasive neoplasm were included. A descriptor weighting function accounting for the distribution of terms among targeted classes was developed and compared to classic methods based on inverse document frequencies. The classification was performed with support vector machine (SVM) and Naive Bayes classifiers. Two levels of granularity were tested for both the topographical and the morphological axes of the ICD-O3 code. The ability to correctly attribute a precise ICD-O3 code and the ability to attribute the broad category defined by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) for the multiple primary cancer registration rules were evaluated using F1-measures.Results: 5121 pathology reports produced by 35 pathologists were selected. The best performance was achieved by our class-weighted descriptor, associated with a SVM classifier. Using this method, the pathology reports were properly classified in the IARC categories with F1-measures of 0.967 for both topography and morphology. The ICD-O3 code attribution had lower performance with a 0.715 F1-measure for topography and 0.854 for morphology.Conclusion: These results suggest that free-text pathology reports could be useful as a data source for automated systems in order to identify and notify new cases of cancer. Future work is needed to evaluate the improvement in performance obtained from the use of natural language processing, including the case of multiple tumor description and possible incorporation of other medical documents such as surgical reports.

Application of Bayesian Learning Mechanism in Power System Transient Stability Assessment

2010 ◽  
Vol 108-111 ◽  
pp. 765-770
Author(s):  
Lin Niu ◽  
Jian Guo Zhao ◽  
Ke Jun Li ◽  
Zhen Yu Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Power System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Bayesian Learning ◽  
Transient Stability ◽  
Decision Function ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Stability Assessment

One of the most challenging problems in real-time operation of power system is the prediction of transient stability. Fast and accurate techniques are imperative to achieve on-line transient stability assessment (TSA). This problem has been approached by various machine learning algorithms, however they find a class decision estimate rather than a probabilistic confidence of the class distribution. To counter the shortcoming of common machine learning methods, a novel machine learning technique, i.e. ‘relevance vector machine’ (RVM), for TSA is presented in this paper. RVM is based on a probabilistic Bayesian learning framework, and as a feature it can yield a decision function that depends on only a very fewer number of so-called relevance vectors. The proposed method is tested on New England power system, and compared with a state-of-the-art ‘support vector machine’ (SVM) classifier. The classification performance is evaluated using false discriminate rate (FDR). It is demonstrated that the RVM classifier can yield a decision function that is much sparser than the SVM classifier while providing higher classification accuracy. Consequently, the RVM classifier greatly reduces the computational complexity, making it more suitable for real-time implementation.

scholarly journals A Slantlet based Statistical Features Extraction for Classification of Normal, Arrhythmia, and Congestive Heart Failure in Electrocardiogram

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-81
Author(s):  
Sawza Saadi Saeed ◽  
Raghad Zuhair Yousif
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Congestive Heart Failure ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Computer Aided Design ◽  
Normal Sinus Rhythm ◽  
Supervised Machine Learning ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
P Value ◽  
Statistical Features

Intelligent and automated systems for diagnosing heart disease play a key role in treatment of heart disease and hence mitigating the possibility of heart disease, heart failure or sudden death. Thus, a Computer-Aided Design CAD system can provide a doctors with a clue about the category of patient heart disease, which might be Normal Sinus Rhythm, Abnormal Arrhythmia (ARR), and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) electrocardiogram (ECG) signal. In this work a novel Slantlet transform (SLT) statistical features have been extracted and selected for 900 ECG segments taken from MIT-BIH ARR Database equally from three classes mentioned above for heart dieses classification through ECG signals. Based on the superiority of SLT in time localization as compared to the traditional wavelet transform, 12 out of 14 statistical features have been successfully passed the ANOVA test with P-value of 10−3. Then after, the relevant features are provided to three well-known classifiers (Support Vector Machine [SVM], K-nearest neighbor, and Naive Bayes). The performance tests show that Attaining 99.254% classification average AUC it can be achieved using SLT transform based features along with SVM classifier, which is a set of related supervised machine learning algorithm used for regression and classification with high generalization ability. It performs classification on two group problems. SVM classifier determines the best hyperplane which distinguishes between each positive and negative training sample.

Transformation Invariant Real-time Recognition of Indian Sign Language using Feature Fusion

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradip Ramanbhai Patel ◽  
Narendra Patel
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Sign Language ◽  
Feature Vector ◽  
Recognition Rate ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Language Recognition ◽  
Sign Language Recognition ◽  
Hu Moments ◽  
Indian Sign Language

Sign Language Recognition (SLR) is immerging as current area of research in the field of machine learning. SLR system recognizes gestures of sign language and converts them into text/voice thus making the communication possible between deaf and ordinary people. Acceptable performance of such system demands invariance of the output with respect to certain transformations of the input. In this paper, we introduce the real time hand gesture recognition system for Indian Sign Language (ISL). In order to obtain very high recognition accuracy, we propose a hybrid feature vector by combining shape oriented features like Fourier Descriptors and region oriented features like Hu Moments & Zernike Moments. Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier is trained using feature vectors of images of training dataset. During experiment it is found that the proposed hybrid feature vector enhanced the performance of the system by compactly representing the fundamentals of invariance with respect transformation like scaling, translation and rotation. Being invariant with respect to transformation, system is easy to use and achieved a recognition rate of 95.79%.

Real-Time EEG Device for Epilepsy Detection Using Wavelet Transform and Support Vector Machine

2021 ◽  
pp. 104-135
Author(s):  
Sharad Sarjerao Jagtap ◽  
Rajesh Kumar M.
Keyword(s):  
Support Vector Machine ◽  
Feature Extraction ◽  
Wavelet Transform ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Svm Classifier ◽  
Discrete Wavelet ◽  
Feature Extraction Technique

This chapter gives an effective and efficient technique that can detect epilepsy in real time. It is low cost, low power, and real-time devices that can easily detect epilepsy. Along with EEG device, one can upgrade with GSM module to alert the doctors and parents of patients about its occurrence to prevent a sudden fall, which may cause injury and death. The accuracy of this EEG device depends on the quality of feature extraction technique and classification algorithm. In this chapter, support vector machine (SVM) is used as a classifier. Wavelet transform gives feature extraction, which helps to train data and to detect normal or seizure patients. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) decomposes the signals into three decomposition levels. In this detection, mean, median, and non-linear parameter entropy were calculated for every sub-band as key parameters. The extracted features are then applied to SVM classifier for the classification. Better accuracy of classification is obtained using wavelet and SVM classifier.

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