scholarly journals Factors on Learning Satisfaction with a Focus on E-learning in the Military

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S10) ◽  
pp. 506-510
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Information Age ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Learning Support ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Smart Learning ◽  
Learning Satisfaction ◽  
Support Level ◽  
E Learning ◽  
The Military

The Department of National Defense in South Korea is taking steps to develop smart learning to prepare for the information age, but as of yet there have not been any sufficient empirical analyses on learning satisfaction. The Department of National Defense in South Korea is taking steps to develop smart learning to prepare for the information age, but as of yet there have not been any sufficient empirical analyses on learning satisfaction. The findings of this study showed the following factors as positively affecting learning satisfaction with e-learning in the military: learning motivation, ease of the use environment, learning support level of the organization, content feasibility, and instructor-learner interaction. Similarly with the official education centers and universities, learning motivation was proven to be the most important factor in e-learning education in the military. Also, as factors that reflect the nature of the military, ease of the use environment and learning support level of the organization were identified as factors that affect learning satisfaction. This result suggests the importance of the infrastructure and setting for e-learning in the military. The factors of content feasibility and infrastructure-learner interaction were also shown to affect learning satisfaction. Suggesting further investment in the design and development of e-learning contents and an increased proactiveness of the instructors to improve learning satisfaction.

Patterns of Civilian Control of the Military in East Asia's New Democracies

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurel Croissant ◽  
David Kuehn
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Civilian Control ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Successful institutionalization of civilian control of the military is a necessary condition for the consolidation of democracy. This is particularly relevant for East Asia, where the military used to be a key player in the previous authoritarian regimes. This article analyzes the changes, advances, and setbacks in achieving civilian control in five countries that have made the transition from authoritarian to democratic rule: Indonesia, the Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand. The empirical analysis is built on a conception of civilian control that distinguishes three areas of political decisionmaking: political recruitment and overall public policymaking, national defense, and internal security. The study shows that only in Taiwan and South Korea have civilians succeeded in curtailing military influence in politics. In contrast, in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand, the military has shown itself more or less resilient in guarding its prerogatives in the postauthoritarian era. This seriously impedes the democratically elected authorities' effective power to govern in these countries and has led to democratic deterioration in Thailand and the Philippines. The article highlights three arguments to account for the profound difference between the cases: historical legacies of authoritarian rule and the path of democratic transition, the internal security role of the military, and the relationship between development and democratic consolidation.

scholarly journals The democratic deficit in South Korea: the democratic control of armed forces since 1993

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Kyung-Pil Kim
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Defense Policy ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Roles And Responsibilities ◽  
Political Interference ◽  
Democratic Control ◽  
Primary Means ◽  
The Military

Abstract This paper explains how South Korea's democracy has controlled the military since 1993. It reveals why the overpowered military has not faded even after the eradication of Hanahoe and the consolidation of democracy in South Korea in its aftermath. The democratic control over the military is examined focusing on: (1) budget, personnel, organization; (2) the judicial system; (3) security and defense policy; (4) personnel affairs, roles, and responsibilities; and an explanation based on laws and institutions, the strategy of key actors, and historical conditions of military confrontation. Under South Korea's democracy, the military budget, personnel, and organization are only partially controlled, leaving military commanders with jurisdiction over the military's judicial system. This is a result of legal and institutional limitations, as well as resistance from the Ministry of National Defense (MND) and the military. In matters of security and defense policy, the president has taken the initiative to revitalize obsolete systems through political compromise with the military. The primary means for the president to control the military has been the personnel management of the MND and the military. The military is likely to pledge its allegiance to the regime instead of citizens because the former has control over personnel affairs, which has frequently led to unofficial private groups of military officers and their political interference. This case in South Korea shows that the way society controls the military sows the very seeds of risk and allows us to rethink the challenges in controlling the military in a democracy.

Learning Motivation in E-Learning Questionnaire

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kris M. Y. Law ◽  
Victor C. S. Lee ◽  
Y. T. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Learning Motivation ◽  
E Learning

Economic Growth and Defence Spending: An Efficiency Analysis of Romania’s Conscription Suspension

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-51
Author(s):  
Alin Teodor Huseraș ◽  
Andrei Ciprian Spînu
Keyword(s):  
Graphical Analysis ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
External Funding ◽  
The Public ◽  
Defence Spending ◽  
Key Sectors ◽  
The Military ◽  
Theoretical Issues

AbstractNational defense is one of the key sectors responsible for maintaining national security, being considered at the same time an element of great importance and strict necessity of the public sector. The performance of defense functions and missions are closely linked to the military capabilities of this sector, which in turn depend on the budget for defense spending. This paper deals with some theoretical issues in the economic field of defense, regarding the size of defense spending in GDP and their social effects. It is also trying to carry out an analysis on the efficiency versus inefficiency in the use of defense resources, to finance the two types of recruitment systems, namely: by conscription or voluntary will. In order to be able to achieve the above, graphical analysis methods and calculation dermination method were used. The efficiency of spending public funds depends on both objective factors such as: distribution of a certain share of GDP to a certain area; attracting internal and external funding, as well as subjective factors, like: allocating resources to certain categories of expenses; allocating resources to certain defense programs; effective management of these resources by the competent structures. Therefore, for a program to be considered effective, it must meet the requirements of the collective needs of society, be rationally implemented and be sustainable.

Defensive Deterrence

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yishai Beer
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
Practical Problem ◽  
Strategic Thinking ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Global Security ◽  
Defense Strategy ◽  
Essential Component ◽  
The Law ◽  
Compliance With The Law ◽  
The Military

This chapter deals with the lack of coherency between strategic reality—which uses deterrence as an essential strategic tool—and the prevailing law. Deterrence is a tool for enforcing compliance with the law; it promotes the containment of potential conflicts. It is pivotal in strategic thinking and, in many cases, an essential component of the national-defense strategy of law-abiding states. But although deterrence is central to the management of global security, in current international law deterrence considerations are perceived with suspicion and mistrust. It is perceived as an unlawful punitive measure. The lack of consensus on lawful deterrence, however, might create a vacuum that invites aggressors and transgressors. This chapter offers normative suggestions for introducing defensive deterrence and overcoming the practical problem of putting it into practice within the current contours of the law, by using the military professionalism criterion.

scholarly journals Using PLS-SEM Model to Explore the Influencing Factors of Learning Satisfaction in Blended Learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
Chun-Hsiung Huang
Keyword(s):  
Blended Learning ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Perceived Ease Of Use ◽  
Learning Satisfaction ◽  
The Relationship

This research explores the influencing factors of learning satisfaction in blended learning. Three dimensions are proposed: perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and learning motivation. It studied how these variables affect students’ learning satisfaction. The research hypotheses are: (1) Perceived ease of use positively affects perceived usefulness; (2) Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use will have a positive effect on learning motivation; (3) Learning motivation positively affects learning satisfaction; (4) Perceived usefulness has a positive intermediary effect on the relationship between perceived ease of use and learning motivation. Participants included 173 freshmen who took the first-year interactive game design course at Ling Tung University in Taichung, Taiwan. The questionnaire survey method is applied in this research to analyze the relationship between the variables and verify the hypothesis based on the collected 173 valid questionnaires. The partial least square method structural equation model (PLS-SEM) is used to carry out structural equation modeling to study the relationship between latent variables. It explains that the perceived ease of use affects the perceived usefulness. Perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have a positive impact on learning motivation. Learning motivation has a positive impact on learning satisfaction. Perceived usefulness as an intermediary factor of perceived ease of use has an indirect impact on learning motivation. The contribution of this research is to provide empirical evidence and explain what factors may affect learning satisfaction. Some other related factors that may affect learning satisfaction should be taken as the factors that teachers should pay attention to when implementing blended learning.

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