scholarly journals River Vishav Contribution to 2014 Devastating Floods of Kashmir (India)

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5147-5151
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Kashmir Valley ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
The People ◽  
Major Tributary ◽  
Increasing Trends ◽  
Heavy Rainfall Events

Floods cannot be absolutely controlled but can be managed to reduce the losses. The changing climate is a major cause of the increasing trends in the erratic and heavy rainfall events causing floods. The rains those lashed out during the first week of Septemeber-2014 in Kashmir Valley resulting in a devastating flood is one of the examples of such hazards. Many attempts have been made by different agencies and the people to ascertain the cause of this devastating flood. Most of these studies focus on the River Jhelum’s main course and do not pay much attention to the role of its tributaries in the said event. The present study is an attempt to analyse the role of the most hazardous tributary of the River Jhelum, known as Vishav River in the horrible catastrophe. River Vishav is a major tributary of the river Jhelum and contributes to nearly one-fifth of its discharge. On basis of the information collected and the survey conducted after the floods, it is believed that this tributary of river Jhelum played a major role in the 2014- devastating floods. The present study highlights the present status of the river Vishav, its behaviour, its role in 2014 floods and flood mitigation measures in the Vishav basin.

The role of monsoon low-level jet in modulating heavy rainfall events

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. e569-e576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anu Xavier ◽  
Ajil Kottayil ◽  
K. Mohanakumar ◽  
Prince K. Xavier
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Low Level Jet ◽  
Heavy Rainfall Events

scholarly journals Heavy Rainfall Events and Diarrhea Incidence: The Role of Social and Environmental Factors

2013 ◽  
Vol 179 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Carlton ◽  
Joseph N. S. Eisenberg ◽  
Jason Goldstick ◽  
William Cevallos ◽  
James Trostle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Diarrhea Incidence ◽  
Heavy Rainfall Events

scholarly journals An Assessment of the Role of Ice Hydrometeor-Types in WRF Bulk Microphysical Schemes in Simulating Two Heavy Rainfall Events over Southern Nigeria

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 513
Author(s):  
Oluseyi Ezekiel Akinola ◽  
Yan Yin
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Simulated Rainfall ◽  
Mass Content ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Ice Particles ◽  
Heavy Rainfall Events ◽  
Better Than

The role of ice hydrometeor-types in bulk schemes available in the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model has been assessed in this study to simulate two heavy rainfall events reported over the southern part of Nigeria. This has been done with a view to provide necessary information on the convective cloud hydrometeor types and compositions in the area to improve heavy rainfall forecasts with the selection of appropriate bulk microphysical schemes. Results from the statistical validation of the simulated rainfall by different schemes showed that for the first event, the WSM5 scheme with less dense snow ice particles performed relatively better than other schemes like WSM6, Morrison with graupel (MORR_G), and Morrison with hail (MORR_H), while the WDM6 scheme performed least effectively when compared to TRMM data. Conversely, the second event showed that a WDM6 scheme with graupel as dense ice particle performed better than other schemes. Further analysis using a spatial distribution plot of simulated rainfall over the area of study shows that for both cases, almost all the schemes fail to capture the intensity and location of the heavy rainfall shown by TRMM data. In addition, the surface accumulated rainfall area average of all schemes for the first (second) event shows an underestimation (overestimation). Vertical profile plots of mass mixing ratios of different ice hydrometeor compositions showed that the WSM5 scheme contains a greater mass of snow than other type ice particles for both cases, while the hydrometeor path calculation of total mass content showed the WSM5 scheme having more snow mass content than other schemes during the period of analysis in both cases. A pressure-time plot of the differences between simulated air temperature and water vapor of the WSM5 scheme showed that WSM5 simulated the higher air temperature that was needed and water vapor at the mid and upper troposphere more than other schemes. In conclusion, results from this study has shown that less dense ice particle (e.g., snow) and high dense ice particle (e.g., graupel and hail) type-bulk schemes can both be suitable for simulating heavy rainfall events that are produced by convective system(s) that are common in the area.

scholarly journals Extreme Floods in the Eastern Part of Europe: Large-Scale Drivers and Associated Impacts

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 1122
Author(s):  
Monica Ionita ◽  
Viorica Nagavciuc
Keyword(s):  
Water Vapor ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Vapor Transport ◽  
Water Vapor Transport ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Catchment Areas ◽  
Large Scale Atmospheric Circulation ◽  
Heavy Rainfall Events

The role of the large-scale atmospheric circulation in producing heavy rainfall events and floods in the eastern part of Europe, with a special focus on the Siret and Prut catchment areas (Romania), is analyzed in this study. Moreover, a detailed analysis of the socio-economic impacts of the most extreme flood events (e.g., July 2008, June–July 2010, and June 2020) is given. Analysis of the largest flood events indicates that the flood peaks have been preceded up to 6 days in advance by intrusions of high Potential Vorticity (PV) anomalies toward the southeastern part of Europe, persistent cut-off lows over the analyzed region, and increased water vapor transport over the catchment areas of Siret and Prut Rivers. The vertically integrated water vapor transport prior to the flood peak exceeds 300 kg m−1 s−1, leading to heavy rainfall events. We also show that the implementation of the Flood Management Plan in Romania had positive results during the 2020 flood event compared with the other flood events, when the authorities took several precaution measurements that mitigated in a better way the socio-economic impact and risks of the flood event. The results presented in this study offer new insights regarding the importance of large-scale atmospheric circulation and water vapor transport as drivers of extreme flooding in the eastern part of Europe and could lead to a better flood forecast and flood risk management.

scholarly journals Mesoscale Analysis of Heavy Rainfall Episodes from SoWMEX/TiMREX

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Davis ◽  
Wen-Chau Lee
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Southwest Monsoon ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Mesoscale Analysis ◽  
Mesoscale Structure ◽  
Profound Influence ◽  
Moist Condition ◽  
Virtual Temperature ◽  
Convection Initiation ◽  
Heavy Rainfall Events

Abstract The authors analyze the mesoscale structure accompanying two multiday periods of heavy rainfall during the Southwest Monsoon Experiment and the Terrain-Induced Mesoscale Rainfall Experiment conducted over and near Taiwan during May and June 2008. Each period is about 5–6 days long with episodic heavy rainfall events within. These events are shown to correspond primarily to periods when well-defined frontal boundaries are established near the coast. The boundaries are typically 1 km deep or less and feature contrasts of virtual temperature of only 2°–3°C. Yet, owing to the extremely moist condition of the upstream conditionally unstable air, these boundaries appear to exert a profound influence on convection initiation or intensification near the coast. Furthermore, the boundaries, once established, are long lived, possibly reinforced through cool downdrafts and prolonged by the absence of diurnal heating over land in generally cloudy conditions. These boundaries are linked phenomenologically with coastal fronts that occur at higher latitudes.

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