scholarly journals Intelligent Maintenance Prioritization and Optimization Strategies for Thermal Power Plant Boilers

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3S) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Maintenance Scheduling ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
Intelligent Maintenance ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
Maintenance Activities ◽  
Hierarchy Process

Steam boiler also known as steam generator is an integral component in thermal power plants requiring effective maintenance scheduling to extend the overall life cycle of the boiler. However, steam boilers are commonly plagued with issues such as boiler shutdown and tube leakage. Industry experts adopted preventative maintenance to overcome the repetition of outage in steam boilers. This method is flawed in the aspect of redundant maintenance activities. The repetition in maintenance activities will lead to reduced work productivity and increased maintenance operational costs. In this study, a maintenance optimization system specialized in ranking, prioritization and optimization based on Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are chosen. The AHP is used to rearrange the maintenance activities according to its priority while the PSO is an intelligent swarm used to optimize the operational duration and maintenance cost based on the result formed from AHP after implemented using MATLAB software. This work proposes maintenance scheduling based on minimization of the objectives focusing on the forming new list of the maintenance activities with the optimal operational duration and maintenance cost.

scholarly journals SYSTEM OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL OF THE LEVEL OF STEAM POWER GENERATORS ON THE BASIS OF THE REGULATION CIRCUIT WITH SMOOTHING OF THE SIGNAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 287-297
Author(s):  
Dilnoza Umurzakova
Keyword(s):  
Automatic Control ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Steam Generators ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this article is to develop high-quality combined automatic control systems (ACS) for the water level in the drum of steam boilers of thermal power plants (TPPs), which can significantly improve the quality of regulation and increase the efficiency of TPPs in a wide range of load changes. To improve the quality of water level control in the drum of steam generators of nuclear power plants with a pressurized water-cooled power reactor (PWPR), it is proposed to use a combined automatic control system based on a control loop with a correcting PI-controller tuned to a symmetrical optimum, with smoothing the reference signal and device compensation of the most dangerous internal and external measurable disturbances. A technique has been developed for assessing the impact of changes in the quality characteristics of transients of combined self-propelled guns by the water level in the drum of steam boilers and steam generators on the safety, reliability, durability, and efficiency of thermal power equipment of thermal power plants. Comparison was made of direct indicators of the quality of three ACS (typical and three-pulse, digital system with an observer state, and the proposed combined ACS). The simulation results of transients of the proposed and typical three-pulse self-propelled guns confirmed the advantages of the first. ABSTRAK: Artikel ini bertujuan bagi membina sistem kombinasi automatik (ACS) berkualiti tinggi bagi aras air dalam drum dandang stim tenaga terma logi kuasa (TPP). Ini dapat meningkatkan mutu peraturan dan meningkatkan kecekapan TPP secara signifikan dengan pelbagai perubahan beban. Bagi meningkatkan kualiti kawalan aras air dalam drum penjana wap loji kuasa tenaga nuklear dengan reaktor berpendingin air bertekanan (PWPR). Gabungan sistem kawalan automatik berdasarkan gelung kawalan dengan pembetulan PI telah dicadangkan dan diselaraskan simetri secara optimum, dengan melancarkan isyarat rujukan dan pembetulan peranti dari gangguan yang boleh diukur dari dalam dan luar. Satu teknik telah dibina bagi menilai kesan perubahan ciri kualiti transien gabungan berjentera pada aras air di tong dandang stim dan drum penjana wap pada keselamatan, kebolehpercayaan, ketahanan dan kecekapan peralatan tenaga terma loji janakuasa. Perbandingan dibuat pada kualiti tiga ACS (sistem digital khas dan tiga signal dengan keadaan pemerhati dan gabungan ACS yang dicadangkan). Hasil sistem simulasi transien yang dicadangkan dan tiga signal biasa berjentera mengesahkan kelebihan pada yang pertama.

scholarly journals Matrix method to solve inverse problem of heat transfer in heat exchangers with phase transition in heat carriers

Vestnik IGEU ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 68-75
Author(s):  
A.E. Barochkin
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Inverse Problem ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Heat Carriers

The transition to environmentally friendly and resource-saving energy, efficient use of natural resources and energy performance are the key priorities of the state energy policy of the Russian Federation. Maximum use of heat combustion of fuel and simultaneously production of condensate water of the combustion products of natural gas is one of the directions of energy saving policy. Despite many scientific papers on the issues of utilization of flue gas heat, condensation heat exchangers are not used in most gas boiler houses, energy power providers and thermal power plants in this country. And there are several reasons to explain this fact due to the lack of universal methods to calculate and design condensation-type heat exchangers. Thus, the development of new methods to simulate multithreaded heat exchangers considering the phase transition in heat carriers is an urgent task of power engineering and industry sectors. Matrix models of heat transfer based on mass and energy balance equations are applied to solve the inverse problem of heat transfer in heat exchangers, considering the phase transition in heat carriers. A method to calculate and select the designs of multi-threaded heat exchangers, considering the phase transition in heat carriers, has been developed. The author suggests a numerical solution to choose the design of a contact economizer of a heat power plant steam boiler used for heat recovery of flue gases to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed method to solve the inverse problem of heat transfer provides the possibility to identify simultaneously the most acceptable values of the parameters of heat carriers and design characteristics of heat exchangers for various purposes.

Development of an algorithm of implementation of programs of repair of steam boilers and turbines of TPPs based on technical condition of power equipment

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44
Author(s):  
N. V. Baidakova ◽  
A. V. Afonin ◽  
A. V. Blagochinnov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Equipment Maintenance ◽  
Power Equipment ◽  
Equipment Failure ◽  
Software Market ◽  
Maintenance System ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
The Cost

Deterioration and aging of the technical fleet of thermal power facilities lead to an unpredictable shutdowns of power equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to create a special approach in maintenance and repair programs, taking into account the possibility of predicting the moment of onset of the defect, its development, as well as the time of possible equipment failure. The equipment maintenance system used at the enterprises is based on the collection of retrospective data on defects and failures on the main and auxiliary equipment of the TPP and summarizing statistics on identical or similar equipment samples. Analysis of domestic and foreign methods of maintenance and organization of repair, as well as possibility of their application in modern power engineering is given. In order to create an efficient production asset management system, which addresses the problem of finding a balance between the potential risk of losses associated with both the operation of equipment and the cost of correcting defects, new class systems are now used in the software market, which carry out equipment maintenance based on the forecast. In order to optimize the equipment maintenance system and ensure uninterrupted and reliable operation of the equipment at minimum operating costs, as well as to reduce equipment downtime, unscheduled and emergency operations, it is advisable to use a modern approach to manage both reliability and risk, as well as the cost of asset ownership. This will enable to control the economic efficiency of the use of production assets. The necessity of creation of an algorithm of implementation of repair programs of power equipment base on technical condition for its use in digital power systems is shown. An algorithm is proposed for implementing the repair program of power units of electric power plants, including steam boilers and turbines of thermal power plants, differing by taking into account the technical condition of power equipment, which allows recognizing the defect that has appeared, determining the cause of its occurrence, its evolution and the duration of possible equipment failure. In the developed repair maintenance algorithm, it is proposed to make a transition from statistical empirical assessments of the technical condition of the equipment to objective estimates obtained on the basis of automated technical diagnostics systems and predictive analysis of situations.

PRIORITIZING FEEDERS FOR MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES USING AHP IN NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS

2007 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 275-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. SRIVIDYA ◽  
H. N. SURESH
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Decision Criteria ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Prioritization Process ◽  
Maintenance Activities ◽  
Hierarchy Process ◽  
Pair Wise Comparison

The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is a powerful and flexible decision making process to help people set priorities and make the best decision when both qualitative and quantitative aspects are to be considered. In this paper, a procedure of prioritizing the outlet feeders under multiple criteria using Saaty's priority theory is presented. In priority theory, weights are assigned to the decision criteria via pair wise comparison of criteria. Seven outlet feeders (alternatives) and three decision criteria have been considered and the prioritization process is illustrated with an example case.

scholarly journals Identification of key challenges associated with the implementation of renovation & modernization (r & m) projects in India using factor analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4.5) ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
Purnima Bajpai ◽  
Prof. K. Chandrashekhar Iyer ◽  
Shubham Bansal
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Design Values ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Survey Approach

The Renovation & modernization (R&M) of coal fired thermal power plants deals with making the power plants units well equipped with the latest technology and systems with an aim of improving their overall performance in terms of output and availability as compared to the original design values, reduce the maintenance cost and enhanced efficiency. The aim of this study was to identify the key challenges associated with implementation of R & M Projects in India. An exploratory study of 42 variables was conducted through factor analysis using the data obtained through a questionnaire survey approach The results obtained 6 key challenges , namely Contractual risks, funding risks, planning risks, regulatory risks, market related risks and management risks which hamper the rate of implementation of R & M Projects in India.  

scholarly journals BOILER PLANTS AND THE ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION FROM INDUSTRY HARMFUL EFFECTS

2021 ◽  
pp. 128-136
Author(s):  
O.P. Voinov ◽  
◽  
Yu.G. Elkin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Environment ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Harmful Effect ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
Self Healing ◽  
Technical Object ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Harmful Effects

Abstract. At present, environmental problems have become aggravated. The production process has a negative impact on the natural environment. It accumulates these harmful secondary effects. The degree of their harmful effects is increasing rapidly. The natural environment, taking into account its self-healing, undergoes dangerous, irreversible changes in its state. Now it is possible to talk only about slowing down this process. The ability to slow down and then stop the increase in the harmful impact on the natural environment is the essence of the nature conservation activities of humanity. It is necessary to move from a strategy of using the natural environment to a strategy of parity interaction with it. The problem was discussed at the Kyoto and Paris conferences of global importance. Among the branches of production, the most dangerous for the natural environment is energy. Its harmful effect is complex. Defending against it is a complex environmental issue. The adopted energy saving program actively contributes to solving the problem of saving the natural environment from degradation and death. The most environmentally aggressive element of power plants is solid fuel boiler plants. Reducing the intensity of their impact is the main direction of activities to protect the natural environment. The most difficult technical object is considered the power unit of a large thermal power plant. The most difficult part is the boiler plant. The most difficult element is the steam boiler. The level of environmental friendliness of the boiler is highly dependent on the degree of its wear. The problem of updating the fleet of boilers is of current importance. The general line of improving the environmental friendliness of production should be considered an increase in the level of environmental friendliness of power plants, especially those using fossil fuels, and a decrease in their emissions of carbon dioxide and heat. It is necessary to improve boiler installations, to increase their efficiency level, and the quality of their management. It is important to ensure the modernization of worn-out boiler installations based on their complete or partial renewal. In the formation of the power engineering of the future, the socio-psychological position of humanity must be radically changed.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Performance Indicators of a Cogeneration STU as Affected by Changing the Internal Relative Efficiency of the Backpressure Steam Turbine Compartments

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-25
Keyword(s):  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Operating Parameters ◽  
Programming System ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
The Core

The authors carried out the circuit-parametric optimization studies of a promising cogeneration STU, which includes a backpressure steam turbine and a gas-fired steam boiler capable of heat recovery from flue gases. A mathematical model was employed to analyze how the internal relative efficiency of the steam turbine compartments in such an STU could affect the core operating parameters and the design characteristics of the heat exchange equipment of the unit. Mathematical modeling and circuit-parametric optimizations were run in the Machine Programming System, a software package developed by the Department of Heat and Power Systems, Melentiev Energy Systems Institute, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. The optimization criterion was the price of STU-supplied electricity at the given prices of supplied heat and fuel with the adjustment for the internal rate of return on investment. Circuit-parametric optimizations show that the price of electric energy from a cogeneration STU linearly depends on the internal relative efficiency of the turbine compartments, and when it changes from 0.82 to 0.9, the price of electric energy decreases by 0.03 cents/kW. The cost effect of the increase in efficiency can be up to 98.79 thous. USD/year given the quantitative supply of electricity from the STU. The methodological approach used in this work enables feasibility testing of the attempts to improve the internal relative efficiency of the steam turbine compartments and can be useful both in the design and operation of thermal power plants. The estimated effects of internal relative efficiency of the turbine compartments on the core operating parameters and the characteristics of the unit will help determine the reliability and efficiency of its operation.

scholarly journals Impact of air stagging in furnace on processes in power steam boiler TPP Kostolac B

Tehnika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Goran Stupar ◽  
Dragan Tucaković
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Nox Reduction ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
Reliable Prediction ◽  
Boiler Operation ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
Calculation System ◽  
Air Staging ◽  
Maximum Content

The European normatives prescribe the maximum content of 200 mg/Nm3 in dry flue gases with oxygen content of 6% for existing pulverized coal-fired power plants. In order to analyse the effects of applying some of the primary measures for NOx reduction on the overall steam boiler operation, calculational coupling of differential mathematical models has been applied. This calculation system enables reliable prediction of the performance of power steam boilers also in substoichiometric conditions, and the quality of the boiler operation can be described from the perspective of its effective, efficient, safe and ecological operation. In accorrdance to that, calculations of the steam boiler unit 1 TE Kostolac B have been carried out for the existing and the air staging combustion system. This paper presents an analysis of the influence of various parameters on the operation of the steam boiler with the application of primary measures.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF GAS BOILER OPERATING MODES

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (157) ◽  
pp. 127-133
Author(s):  
Y. Ponomarenko ◽  
M. Katkov ◽  
R. Semenenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Boiler Load ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Steam Boilers ◽  
Time Changes

A thermal energy is one of the most significant sources of environmental impact.This is a consequence of both the use of mostly non-renewable natural resources and environmental pollution from thermal power plants. The intensity of this impact depends on many factors, namely the purpose, power, type of fuel used and operating mode. Existing studies have established links between emissions and characteristics such as power and fuel type for stationary operating conditions. At the same time, changes in operating conditions have a significant impact on environmental and economic characteristics. This article is devoted to establishing the relationship between the operational characteristics of gas boilers and their environmental and economic efficiency. The analysis was based on the field data obtained from steam and water boilers that are in commercial operation and uses the natural gas. It was found that for steam and water boilers, there is a well-conditioned non-linear relationship between the technological parameters of boiler operation, in particular gas consumption, the percentage of boiler load, the amount and temperature of flue gases with indicators of pollutants entering the atmosphere. The most significant factor affecting the environmental and economic characteristics of boilers is the percentage of load of boilers. The nature of the dependency is determined by the type of boiler and the setting mode. These dependences with a high degree of conditionality have a parabolic character, which makes it possible to assume the existence of adjustment modes that minimize environmental and economic costs. For steam and water boilers, the dependence of environmental impact on the percentage of load is direct. But for steam boilers in the range of data that were studied, it has a monotonous character, that is, it does not have an extremum point. For water boilers, it is possible to find the optimal loading level that minimizes environmental costs, but to confirm this assumption, additional research is needed at low boiler loading levels. The proposed method can be used to determine the operating modes of boilers and their settings, taking into account environmental and economic criteria. Keywords: water gas boilers, steam gas boilers, operating modes, environmental and economic characteristics.

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