Act Local But Think Global: Transcultural Nursing Competencies and Experiences of Foreign Students From Selected Higher Education Institutions in the Philippines
Introduction: The need for transcultural nursing competencies amongst students offers an array of improvements in nursing education, hospitals, and communities around the globe. This research assessed the level of transcultural nursing competencies and experiences of foreign nursing students. Methods: Data were collected using a mixed methods design with a purposive sample of 104 respondents through a researcher-made tool which underwent exploratory factor analysis establishing its reliability and validity. Frequency distribution and percentage, weighted mean and standard deviation, Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis H-test and Spearman rank were utilized for data analysis. Results: Significant differences were observed in the development of cultural knowledge among sex (p=0.027) and nationality (p=0.046) showing higher assessment among females and different nationalities have different level of knowledge; females have higher perceived assessment of cultural skills than males (p=0.038). Significant relationship were between general experiences in education and cultural awareness (p=0.003); classroom instruction and cultural skills (p=0.002); clinical instruction and clinical awareness (p=0.024) and cultural skills (p=0.003); cultural encounters (p=0.003) and cultural desire (p=0.021); clinical practice and cultural awareness (p=0.000); cultural skills (p=0.003); cultural encounters (p=0.000) and cultural desire (p=0.012). Respondents had adequate general experiences in nursing education (M=3.13); classroom (M=3.16); clinical instruction (M=3.13) and clinical practice (M=3.38). They acquired clinical experiences and adequate competence in cultural awareness (M=3.73); cultural knowledge (M=3.24); cultural skills (M=3.27); cultural encounters (M=3.16) and cultural desire (M=3.52). Respondents were knowledgeable of other cultures and they understood institutional difficulties discouraging cultural groups from obtaining healthcare services. They had skills in understanding the relationship between health and culture including cultural assessment tools used to evaluate patients and they possessed the willingness to learn from others. Discussion: Students’ theoretical and clinical experiences need strengthening and improvement by incorporating transcultural nursing in the curriculum.