PLASMA COAGULATING AND NON-COAGULATING STAPHYLOCOCCUS SPP. IN SKIN SAMPLES FROM DOGS AND THEIR RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS

Staphylococci are human and animal mucosal surface and skin commensals that can cause a variety of infections, such as purulent skin infections, otitis externa, pyoderma, urinary tract infections, and postoperative infections. Dog skin is one of the protective barriers for animals. However, dogs can have and transmit a variety of microorganisms on their skin, including staphylococci. Most studies have compared plasma coagulating and non-coagulating Staphylococcus spp. by dog breeds, sex, and coat length. The aim – to identify plasma coagulating and non-coagulating Staphylococcus spp. in skin samples from dogs and its resistance to antibiotics by place of residence. Staphylococci were detected in more than half of the samples tested, one third of which were plasma coagulating and the remaining two thirds were non-coagulating plasma. Plasma non-coagulating staphylococci were mainly increased among dogs living at home and plasma coagulating – among dogs living outdoors, the difference between these groups is statistically significant. Staphylococcus aureus was predominantly resistant to penicillin and clindamycin, while plasma non-coagulants were resistant to fusidic acid.

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Sistem Pakar Menggunakan Metode Case Based Reasoning dalam Akurasi Penyakit Disebabkan oleh Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus

Jurnal Sistim Informasi dan Teknologi ◽

10.37034/jsisfotek.v3i1.94 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Surya Aulia Rahman ◽

S Sumijan

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Bacterial Disease ◽

Case Based Reasoning ◽

Skin Infections ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Eye Infections ◽

Serious Infections ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Case Based

Staphylococcus aureus is the most worrisome bacteria in the world of health because it is highly pathogenic and can cause serious infections in previously healthy individuals. Staphylococcus aureus has gram-positive cells, round (cocci) 0.7-0.9 µm in diameter, non-spore-forming, non-motile, facultative anoerobes, in colony shaped like a grape string. This bacterial infection in humans varies in severity, from minor skin infections (furunculosis and impertigo), urinary tract infections, respiratory infections, to eye infections. This causes many patients to need an expert (doctor) to consult about the symptoms that a patient appears or experiences and the risk factors felt by the patient. So they conducted this research using the Case Based Reasoning (CBR) method which consists of 4 steps, namely retrieve, reuse, retain and revise. By using the case-based reasoning method for a problem with the staphylococcus aureus bacterial disease, it is easier for a patient to find treatment and a solution. With an expert system using this method (case based reasoning), experts (doctors) can easily find out what diseases are suffered by staphylococcus. That way, patients with staphylococcus disease are prepared to deal with the disease they are suffering from.

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Sistem Pakar Menggunakan Metode Case Based Reasoning dalam Akurasi Penyakit Disebabkan oleh Bakteri Staphylococcus Aureus

Jurnal Sistim Informasi dan Teknologi ◽

10.37034/jsisfotek.v3i1.38 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

Surya Aulia Rahman ◽

S Sumijan

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Bacterial Disease ◽

Case Based Reasoning ◽

Skin Infections ◽

Highly Pathogenic ◽

Eye Infections ◽

Serious Infections ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Case Based

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Racionalaus antibakterinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmo įtaka Staphylocoscus aureus atsparumo antibiotikams kitimui

Lietuvos chirurgija ◽

10.15388/lietchirur.2006.1.2283 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

Rokas Bagdonas ◽

Algimantas Tamelis ◽

Rytis Rimdeika ◽

Mindaugas Kiudelis ◽

Vytautas Jankūnas

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Clinical Practice ◽

Key Words ◽

Microbiology Laboratory ◽

Antibacterial Drugs ◽

Resistance To Antibiotics ◽

Rational Application ◽

The Difference ◽

And Control ◽

Perspective Analysis

Racionalaus antibakterinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmo įtaka Staphylococcus aureus atsparumo antibiotikams kitimui Rokas Bagdonas1, Algimantas Tamelis2, Rytis Rimdeika2, Mindaugas Kiudelis2, Vytautas Jankūnas21 Klaipėdos universitetas,H. Manto g. 84, LT-92294 Klaipėda2 Kauno medicinos universiteto klinikųChirurgijos klinika,Mickevičiaus g. 9, LT-44307 KaunasEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Didžiausia nudegimų chirurgijos problema yra infekcija, nuo kurios miršta daugiau kaip 50% visų nudegusių pacientų. Nudegimų žaizda greitai infekuojasi, kadangi žaizdos aplinka yra ideali mikroorganizmams tarpti. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti racionalaus antibakterinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmo įtaką S. aureus mikroorganizmų atsparumo antibiotikams kitimui. Ligoniai ir metodai 2001 m. įdiegtas racionalaus antibakterinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmas Plastinės chirurgijos ir nudegimų skyriuje. Remdamiesi KMUK Mikrobiologijos laboratorijos kompiuterine duomenų baze atlikę perspektyviąją analizę, ištyrėme Staphylococcus aureus atsparumo antibakteriniams vaistams dažnį 2001–2002 metais. Analizuodami retrospektyviąją 2000 m. ir perspektyviąją 2001–2002 m. grupes lyginome, kaip šiose grupėse pakito Staphylococcus aureus atsparumo ciprofloksacinui, gentamicinui, eritromicinui, fucidinui, klindamicinui, oksacilinui, penicilinui, rifampicinui, tetraciklinui ir vankomicinui dažnis. Rezultatai Įdiegus racionalaus antibakterinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmą į klinikinę praktiką, S. aureus bendras atsparumas antibiotikams nereikšmingai sumažėjo. Statistiškai reikšmingai sumažėjo S. aureus atsparumas eritromicinui ir penicilinui. Išvados Racionalaus antimikrobinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmas leidžia kontroliuoti ir sumažinti S. aureus atsparumą antimikrobiniams vaistams. Įdiegus algoritmą į klinikinę praktiką, statistiškai reikšmingai sumažėjo S. aureus atsparumas penicilinui ir eritromicinui. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Stapylococcus aureus atsparumas antibiotikams, racionali antibiotikoterapija Rational application algorithm of antibacterial drugs to staphylococcus aureus resistance Rokas Bagdonas1, Algimantas Tamelis2, Rytis Rimdeika2, Mindaugas Kiudelis2, Vytautas Jankūnas21 Klaipėda Universitety,H. Manto str. 84, LT-92294 Klaipėda, Lithuania2 Kaunas University of Medicine, Clinic of Surgery,Mickevičiaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, LithuaniaE-mail: [email protected] Background / objective The major challenge for burn team is infection which is known to cause over 50% of burn deaths. Burns become infected because the environment at the site of the wound is ideal for the propagation of the infecting organism. The aim of the study was to evaluate the rational application algorithm of antibacterial drugs to influence the S. aureus resistance changes to antibiotics. Patients and methods In 2001, the Rational Application Algorithm of antibacterial drugs was introduced into the Plastic Surgery and Burns Department. Performing the perspective analysis, we investigated Staphylococcus aureus resistance and its dynamics to antibacterial drugs using the computerized database of the Microbiology Laboratory in KMUH in 2001–2002. Analyzing a retrospective group (2000) and a perspective one (2001–2002) we compared changes of Staphylococcus aureus resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, erythromycin, fucidin, clindamycin, oxacillin, penicillin, rifampicin, tetracycline and vancomycin. Results S. aureus resistance to antibiotics decreased after introducing the Rational Application Algorithm of antibacterial drugs. The difference is statistically insignificant. The resistance of this microorganism decreased slightly to erythromycin and statistically significantly to penicillin. Conclusions The Rational Application Algorithm of antibacterial drugs allows to reduce and control S. aureus resistance to antibacterial drugs. S. aureus resistance to erythromycin and penicillin decreased statistically significant after introducing the Rational Application Algorithm of antibacterial drugs into clinical practice. Key words: Staphilococcus aureus resistance to antibiotics, racional antibioticotherapy

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The Difference of External Auditory Canal pH in 3 Groups of Otitis Externa

Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.3342/kjorl-hns.2012.55.10.628 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 55 (10) ◽

pp. 628

Author(s):

Hong Jun Kim ◽

Kyung Jin Roh ◽

Ki Hoon Choi ◽

Seung Hwan Noh ◽

Joo Hyun Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

External Auditory Canal ◽

Otitis Externa ◽

The Difference

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Secondary or Concurrent Infections in Skin of Atopic Dogs

THE INDIAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.21887/ijvsbt.15.2.14 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 15 (02) ◽

pp. 54-56

Author(s):

Joice P Joseph ◽

J Patel ◽

P H Tank ◽

D B Barad ◽

B J Thakre

Keyword(s):

Bacterial Infections ◽

Diagnostic Techniques ◽

Staphylococcal Infection ◽

Skin Infections ◽

Concurrent Infections ◽

Malassezia Spp ◽

Staphylococcus Spp

In the present study, twenty atopic dogs were investigated for secondary skin infections using different diagnostic techniques. The majority of dogs were suffering from bacterial infections, especially Staphylococcal infection (90 %). Different commensals on skin like Staphylococcus spp., Aspergillus spp. (50 %), Malassezia spp. (45 %), Demodex spp. (25 %) etc. caused secondary or concurrent infections in many atopic dogs indicating the importance of atopy in recurrent or non-responding dermatitis with those commensal organisms.

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Urinary Excretion and Bactericidal Activities of Gemifloxacin and Ofloxacin after a Single Oral Dose in Healthy Volunteers

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.45.12.3524-3530.2001 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 45 (12) ◽

pp. 3524-3530 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Christoph K. Naber ◽

Michaela Hammer ◽

Martina Kinzig-Schippers ◽

Christian Sauber ◽

Fritz Sörgel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Urinary Excretion ◽

Enterococcus Faecalis ◽

Urinary Tract Infections ◽

Parent Drug ◽

Oral Dosage ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Cumulative Excretion

ABSTRACT In a randomized crossover study, 16 volunteers (8 men, 8 women) received single oral doses of 320 mg of gemifloxacin and 400 mg of ofloxacin on two separate occasions in the fasting state to assess the urinary excretion and urinary bactericidal titers (UBTs) at intervals for up to 144 h. Ofloxacin showed higher concentrations in urine compared with those of gemifloxacin. The median (range) cumulative excretion of gemifloxacin was 29.7% (8.4 to 48.7%) of the parent drug administered, and median (range) cumulative excretion of ofloxacin was 84.3% (46.5 to 95.2%) of the parent drug administered. The UBTs, i.e., the highest twofold dilutions (with antibiotic-free urine as the diluent) of urine that were still bactericidal, were determined for a reference strain and nine uropathogens for which the MICs of gemifloxacin and ofloxacin were as follows:Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, 0.016 and 0.06 μg/ml, respectively; Klebsiella pneumoniae, 0.03 and 0.06 μg/ml, respectively; Proteus mirabilis, 0.125 and 0.125 μg/ml, respectively; Escherichia coli, 0.06 and 0.5 μg/ml, respectively; Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 1 and 4 μg/ml, respectively; Staphylococcus aureus, 0.008 and 0.25 μg/ml, respectively; Enterococcus faecalis, 0.06 and 2 μg/ml, respectively;Staphylococcus aureus, 0.25 and 4 μg/ml, respectively;Enterococcus faecalis, 0.5 and 32 μg/ml, respectively; and Staphylococcus aureus, 2 and 32 μg/ml, respectively. Generally, the UBTs for gram-positive uropathogens were higher for gemifloxacin than for ofloxacin and the UBTs for gram-negative uropathogens were higher for ofloxacin than for gemifloxacin. According to the UBTs, ofloxacin-resistant uropathogens (MICs, ≥4 mg/liter) should also be considered gemifloxacin resistant. Although clinical trials have shown that gemifloxacin is effective for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections, whether an oral dosage of 320 mg of gemifloxacin once daily is also adequate for the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections has yet to be confirmed.

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216. Are Automatic Antimicrobial Stop Orders an Effective Stewardship Tool for Urinary Tract and Intra-Abdominal Infections?

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofaa439.260 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S110-S110

Author(s):

Christina Maguire ◽

Dusten T Rose ◽

Theresa Jaso

Keyword(s):

Urinary Tract ◽

Antimicrobial Therapy ◽

Source Control ◽

Clostridioides Difficile ◽

Days Of Therapy ◽

Before And After ◽

The Difference ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Length Of Therapy ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Automatic antimicrobial stop orders (ASOs) are a stewardship initiative used to decrease days of therapy, prevent resistance, and reduce drug costs. Limited evidence outside of the perioperative setting exists on the effects of ASOs on broad spectrum antimicrobial use, discharge prescription duration, and effects of missed doses. This study aims to evaluate the impact of an ASO policy across a health system of adult academic and community hospitals for treatment of intra-abdominal (IAI) and urinary tract infections (UTI). ASO Outcome Definitions ASO Outcomes Methods This multicenter retrospective cohort study compared patients with IAI and UTI treated before and after implementation of an ASO. Patients over the age of 18 with a diagnosis of UTI or IAI and 48 hours of intravenous (IV) antimicrobial administration were included. Patients unable to achieve IAI source control within 48 hours or those with a concomitant infection were excluded. The primary outcome was the difference in sum length of antimicrobial therapy (LOT). Secondary endpoints include length and days of antimicrobial therapy (DOT) at multiple timepoints, all cause in hospital mortality and readmission, and adverse events such as rates of Clostridioides difficile infection. Outcomes were also evaluated by type of infection, hospital site, and presence of infectious diseases (ID) pharmacist on site. Results This study included 119 patients in the pre-ASO group and 121 patients in the post-ASO group. ASO shortened sum length of therapy (LOT) (12 days vs 11 days respectively; p=0.0364) and sum DOT (15 days vs 12 days respectively; p=0.022). This finding appears to be driven by a decrease in outpatient LOT (p=0.0017) and outpatient DOT (p=0.0034). Conversely, ASO extended empiric IV LOT (p=0.005). All other secondary outcomes were not significant. Ten patients missed doses of antimicrobials due to ASO. Subgroup analyses suggested that one hospital may have influenced outcomes and reduction in LOT was observed primarily in sites without an ID pharmacist on site (p=0.018). Conclusion While implementation of ASO decreases sum length of inpatient and outpatient therapy, it may not influence inpatient length of therapy alone. Moreover, ASOs prolong use of empiric intravenous therapy. Hospitals without an ID pharmacist may benefit most from ASO protocols. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Proteomic Characterization of Bacteriophage Peptides from the Mastitis Producer Staphylococcus aureus by LC-ESI-MS/MS and the Bacteriophage Phylogenomic Analysis

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10040799 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 799

Author(s):

Ana G. Abril ◽

Mónica Carrera ◽

Karola Böhme ◽

Jorge Barros-Velázquez ◽

Benito Cañas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Dairy Products ◽

Phylogenomic Analysis ◽

Esi Ms ◽

Complement Inhibitors ◽

Staphylococcus Spp ◽

The Relationship ◽

Phage Proteins ◽

Identification And Characterization

The present work describes LC-ESI-MS/MS MS (liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry) analyses of tryptic digestion peptides from phages that infect mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus isolated from dairy products. A total of 1933 nonredundant peptides belonging to 1282 proteins were identified and analyzed. Among them, 79 staphylococcal peptides from phages were confirmed. These peptides belong to proteins such as phage repressors, structural phage proteins, uncharacterized phage proteins and complement inhibitors. Moreover, eighteen of the phage origin peptides found were specific to S. aureus strains. These diagnostic peptides could be useful for the identification and characterization of S. aureus strains that cause mastitis. Furthermore, a study of bacteriophage phylogeny and the relationship among the identified phage peptides and the bacteria they infect was also performed. The results show the specific peptides that are present in closely related phages and the existing links between bacteriophage phylogeny and the respective Staphylococcus spp. infected.

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Antibiotic Susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolates from the Nasopharynx of Febrile Children under 5 Years in Nanoro, Burkina Faso

Antibiotics ◽

10.3390/antibiotics10040444 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 444

Author(s):

Massa dit Achille Bonko ◽

Palpouguini Lompo ◽

Marc Christian Tahita ◽

Francois Kiemde ◽

Ibrahima Karama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽

Burkina Faso ◽

Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽

Bacterial Colonization ◽

Resistance To Penicillin ◽

Tract Infections ◽

Resistance Rates ◽

Moderately Resistant ◽

Children Under 5

(1) Background: nasopharynx colonization by resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pneumoniae can lead to serious diseases. Emerging resistance to antibiotics commonly used to treat infections due to these pathogens poses a serious threat to the health system. The present study aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus and S. pneumoniae isolates from the febrile children’s nasopharynx under 5 years in Nanoro (Burkina Faso). (2) Methods: bacterial isolates were identified from nasopharyngeal swabs prospectively collected from 629 febrile children. Antibiotic susceptibility of S. aureus and S. pneumoniae isolates was assessed by Kirby–Bauer method and results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute guidelines. (3) Results: bacterial colonization was confirmed in 154 (24.5%) of children of whom 96.1% carried S. aureus, 3.2% had S. pneumoniae, and 0.6% carried both bacteria. S. aureus isolates showed alarming resistance to penicillin (96.0%) and S. pneumoniae was highly resistant to tetracycline (100%) and trimethoprim–sulfamethoxazole (83.3%), and moderately resistant to penicillin (50.0%). Furthermore, 4.0% of S. aureus identified were methicillin resistant. (4) Conclusion: this study showed concerning resistance rates to antibiotics to treat suspected bacterial respiratory tract infections. The work highlights the necessity to implement continuous antibiotic resistance surveillance.

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The Analysis of the Impact of a Mild, Low-iodine, Lotion Soap on the Reduction of Nosocomial Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: A New Opportunity for Surveillance by Objectives

Infection Control ◽

10.1017/s019594170006625x ◽

1987 ◽

Vol 8 (7) ◽

pp. 284-288 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Kim M. Onesko ◽

Eugene C. Wienke

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Nosocomial Infections ◽

Control Measures ◽

Methicillin Resistant ◽

Care Community ◽

Infection Control Measures ◽

Medical Division ◽

Tract Infections ◽

The Impact ◽

Community Teaching

AbstractA significant unremitting increase in the incidence of nosocomial methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in a 500-bed acute care community teaching hospital prompted reevaluation of the efficacy of the infection control measures used. A well-accepted, low-iodine, antimicrobial soap was used to replace a liquid natural handsoap in two areas with the highest incidence of MRSA—the intensive care unit, and a medical division.Over a two-year period, an analysis was made of the effect of soap replacement on nosocomial infections and pathogens. Soap changeover occurred at the midpoint of the two-year period. From year to year, the nosocomial MRSA rate decreased 80% (t test, P=0.005). Other pathogens that demonstrated a dramatic decrease included methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), infections where no pathogens were isolated, and various gram-negative infections. Categories of nosocomial infections that decreased included surgical wound infections, primary bacteremias, and respiratory tract infections. The overall nosocomial infection rate of the two combined areas decreased 21.5%, representing a year-to-year savings of $109,500. As a result, the decision was made to install the low-iodine hand-soap permanently at all sinks within the hospital.

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