scholarly journals Racionalaus antibakterinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmo įtaka Staphylocoscus aureus atsparumo antibiotikams kitimui

2006 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Rokas Bagdonas ◽  
Algimantas Tamelis ◽  
Rytis Rimdeika ◽  
Mindaugas Kiudelis ◽  
Vytautas Jankūnas
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Resistance To Antibiotics ◽  
Rational Application ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Perspective Analysis

Racionalaus antibakterinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmo įtaka Staphylococcus aureus atsparumo antibiotikams kitimui Rokas Bagdonas1, Algimantas Tamelis2, Rytis Rimdeika2, Mindaugas Kiudelis2, Vytautas Jankūnas21 Klaipėdos universitetas,H. Manto g. 84, LT-92294 Klaipėda2 Kauno medicinos universiteto klinikųChirurgijos klinika,Mickevičiaus g. 9, LT-44307 KaunasEl paštas: [email protected] Įvadas / tikslas Didžiausia nudegimų chirurgijos problema yra infekcija, nuo kurios miršta daugiau kaip 50% visų nudegusių pacientų. Nudegimų žaizda greitai infekuojasi, kadangi žaizdos aplinka yra ideali mikroorganizmams tarpti. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti racionalaus antibakterinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmo įtaką S. aureus mikroorganizmų atsparumo antibiotikams kitimui. Ligoniai ir metodai 2001 m. įdiegtas racionalaus antibakterinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmas Plastinės chirurgijos ir nudegimų skyriuje. Remdamiesi KMUK Mikrobiologijos laboratorijos kompiuterine duomenų baze atlikę perspektyviąją analizę, ištyrėme Staphylococcus aureus atsparumo antibakteriniams vaistams dažnį 2001–2002 metais. Analizuodami retrospektyviąją 2000 m. ir perspektyviąją 2001–2002 m. grupes lyginome, kaip šiose grupėse pakito Staphylococcus aureus atsparumo ciprofloksacinui, gentamicinui, eritromicinui, fucidinui, klindamicinui, oksacilinui, penicilinui, rifampicinui, tetraciklinui ir vankomicinui dažnis. Rezultatai Įdiegus racionalaus antibakterinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmą į klinikinę praktiką, S. aureus bendras atsparumas antibiotikams nereikšmingai sumažėjo. Statistiškai reikšmingai sumažėjo S. aureus atsparumas eritromicinui ir penicilinui. Išvados Racionalaus antimikrobinių vaistų vartojimo algoritmas leidžia kontroliuoti ir sumažinti S. aureus atsparumą antimikrobiniams vaistams. Įdiegus algoritmą į klinikinę praktiką, statistiškai reikšmingai sumažėjo S. aureus atsparumas penicilinui ir eritromicinui. Reikšminiai žodžiai: Stapylococcus aureus atsparumas antibiotikams, racionali antibiotikoterapija Rational application algorithm of antibacterial drugs to staphylococcus aureus resistance Rokas Bagdonas1, Algimantas Tamelis2, Rytis Rimdeika2, Mindaugas Kiudelis2, Vytautas Jankūnas21 Klaipėda Universitety,H. Manto str. 84, LT-92294 Klaipėda, Lithuania2 Kaunas University of Medicine, Clinic of Surgery,Mickevičiaus str. 9, LT-44307 Kaunas, LithuaniaE-mail: [email protected] Background / objective The major challenge for burn team is infection which is known to cause over 50% of burn deaths. Burns become infected because the environment at the site of the wound is ideal for the propagation of the infecting organism. The aim of the study was to evaluate the rational application algorithm of antibacterial drugs to influence the S. aureus resistance changes to antibiotics. Patients and methods In 2001, the Rational Application Algorithm of antibacterial drugs was introduced into the Plastic Surgery and Burns Department. Performing the perspective analysis, we investigated Staphylococcus aureus resistance and its dynamics to antibacterial drugs using the computerized database of the Microbiology Laboratory in KMUH in 2001–2002. Analyzing a retrospective group (2000) and a perspective one (2001–2002) we compared changes of Staphylococcus aureus resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, erythromycin, fucidin, clindamycin, oxacillin, penicillin, rifampicin, tetracycline and vancomycin. Results S. aureus resistance to antibiotics decreased after introducing the Rational Application Algorithm of antibacterial drugs. The difference is statistically insignificant. The resistance of this microorganism decreased slightly to erythromycin and statistically significantly to penicillin. Conclusions The Rational Application Algorithm of antibacterial drugs allows to reduce and control S. aureus resistance to antibacterial drugs. S. aureus resistance to erythromycin and penicillin decreased statistically significant after introducing the Rational Application Algorithm of antibacterial drugs into clinical practice. Key words: Staphilococcus aureus resistance to antibiotics, racional antibioticotherapy

scholarly journals KuLGaP: A Selective Measure for Assessing Therapy Response in Patient-Derived Xenografts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janosch Ortmann ◽  
Ladislav Rampášek ◽  
Elijah Tai ◽  
Arvind Singh Mer ◽  
Ruoshi Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Mouse Models ◽  
Tumor Size ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Treatment Development ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Over Time

AbstractQuantifying response to drug treatment in mouse models of human cancer is important for treatment development and assignment, and yet remains a challenging task. A preferred measure to quantify this response should take into account as much of the experimental data as possible, i.e. both tumor size over time and the variation among replicates. We propose a theoretically grounded measure, KuLGaP, to compute the difference between the treatment and control arms. KuLGaP is more selective than currently existing measures, reduces the risk of false positive calls and improves translation of the lab results to clinical practice.

scholarly journals Analysis of Clinical Effect of Treating Arrhythmia with Stable Heart Granules

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Li Liu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Clinical Effect ◽  
Total Effective Rate ◽  
Effective Rate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Observation Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group Observation

<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the clinical effect on the treatment of cardiac arrhythmia, and further guide the clinical treatment. <strong>Method: </strong>From January 2011 to January 2013, 100 patients with arrhythmia were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 50 cases in each group. Observation group patients given oral Stable heart granule treatment, while control group was treated with oral propafenone treatment. The therapeutic effect and adverse reactions of the two groups were observed and compared. <strong>Results: </strong>The total effective rate of the observation group was higher than control group and incidence of adverse reactions was lower than control group, the difference was statistically significant, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05. The use of stable heart particles in the treatment of arrhythmia produce significant effect. <strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clinical effect for Stable heart granule on arrhythmia was significant and should widely entrenched in clinical practice.</p>

scholarly journals Resistance of nosocomial strains to antibacterial drugs and its link to biofilm formation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 540-546
Author(s):  
T. V. Sklyar ◽  
K. V. Lavrentievа ◽  
Y. A. Alyonkina ◽  
A. M. Kolomoets ◽  
А. І. Vinnikov
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Diffusion Test ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Agar Diffusion Test

The problem of nosocomial infections is considered in connection with more frequent formation and wide distribution in clinical practice of new strains of hospital bacteria that have a cross-resistence to antibacterial drugs. The nosocomial agents were isolated from wounds and identified as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 72.0% of S. aureus strains and 61.5% of P. aeruginosa clinical isolates had the capability of forming biofilms. The sensitivity to antibiotics of all isolated strains was investigated with tne agar diffusion test. This method showed that all strains of S. aureus with the capability to form biofilms had resistence to erythromycin, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. The had the greatest sensitivity to klindamycin (90.3%), vancomycin (80.6%) and gatifloxacin (80.6% cultures). The strains of S. aureus with the capability to form biofilms were more resistent to antibiotics than strains of S. aureus without such properties. Only cefotaxim suppressed the growth of 75.0% of strains of staphylococci. All isolated strains of S. aureus without the capability to form biofilms were sensitive to doxycyclin, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and klindamycin. All clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa with capability to form biofilms had resistence to ampicillin, gentamycin, imipenem, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone. They were most sensitive (75.0%) to piperacillin and cefoperazone/sulbactam. The strains of P. aeruginosa without the capability to form biofilms kept the resistence to gentamycin, imipenem and ceftriaxone. They showed the greatest sensitivity (75.0%) to ciprofloxacin (80.0% isolates) and also to amikacin, ampicillin, meropenem, norfloxacin and cefotaxime (60.0% cultures). We investigated the minimum inhibitory concentrations of gentamycin and ciprofloxacin, which appeared higher for P. aeruginosa than for S. aureus. The most effective disinfectant against all isolated nosocomial agents without the capacity for biofilm formation was “Desactin” in a concentration 0.1% or 0.2%. For strains of staphylococci with this capability, the efficiency of “Desactin” went down by 9.7%. The best biocide effect against the strains of P. aeruginosa with the capability of forming biofilms was shown by 0.1% solution of “Neochlorine tabs”, which suppressed the growth of 75.0% of tested cultures. As a result, we detected a direct relationship between resistance to antibiotics and disinfectants and the capacities for biofilm formation among the nosocomial agents S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. 

scholarly journals PLASMA COAGULATING AND NON-COAGULATING STAPHYLOCOCCUS SPP. IN SKIN SAMPLES FROM DOGS AND THEIR RESISTANCE TO ANTIBIOTICS

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (7) ◽  
pp. 120-124
Author(s):  
Žaneta Maželienė ◽  
Asta Aleksandravičienė ◽  
Aušrinė Petrauskaitė ◽  
Ingrida Viliušienė ◽  
Daiva Šakienė
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Otitis Externa ◽  
Skin Infections ◽  
Postoperative Infections ◽  
Resistance To Antibiotics ◽  
Skin Commensals ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Skin Samples

Staphylococci are human and animal mucosal surface and skin commensals that can cause a variety of infections, such as purulent skin infections, otitis externa, pyoderma, urinary tract infections, and postoperative infections. Dog skin is one of the protective barriers for animals. However, dogs can have and transmit a variety of microorganisms on their skin, including staphylococci. Most studies have compared plasma coagulating and non-coagulating Staphylococcus spp. by dog breeds, sex, and coat length. The aim – to identify plasma coagulating and non-coagulating Staphylococcus spp. in skin samples from dogs and its resistance to antibiotics by place of residence. Staphylococci were detected in more than half of the samples tested, one third of which were plasma coagulating and the remaining two thirds were non-coagulating plasma. Plasma non-coagulating staphylococci were mainly increased among dogs living at home and plasma coagulating – among dogs living outdoors, the difference between these groups is statistically significant. Staphylococcus aureus was predominantly resistant to penicillin and clindamycin, while plasma non-coagulants were resistant to fusidic acid.

Klein with Lacan: A Study on the Reception of Lacanian Ideas in Uruguay and Its Effects on Clinical Practices (1955–82)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-361
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Grau-Pérez ◽  
J. Guillermo Milán
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discursive Approach ◽  
The Way ◽  
Clinical Cases

In Uruguay, Lacanian ideas arrived in the 1960s, into a context of Kleinian hegemony. Adopting a discursive approach, this study researched the initial reception of these ideas and its effects on clinical practices. We gathered a corpus of discursive data from clinical cases and theoretical-doctrinal articles (from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s). In order to examine the effects of Lacanian ideas, we analysed the difference in the way of interpreting the clinical material before and after Lacan's reception. The results of this research illuminate some epistemological problems of psychoanalysis, especially the relationship between theory and clinical practice.

Analysis of the horizontal structure of a measurement and control geodetic network based on entropy

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Mrówczyńska
Keyword(s):  
Geodetic Network ◽  
The State ◽  
Observation System ◽  
Optimum Number ◽  
Optimum Structure ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Measurement And Control ◽  
Horizontal Displacements

Abstract The paper attempts to determine an optimum structure of a directional measurement and control network intended for investigating horizontal displacements. For this purpose it uses the notion of entropy as a logarithmical measure of probability of the state of a particular observation system. An optimum number of observations results from the difference of the entropy of the vector of parameters ΔHX̂ (x)corresponding to one extra observation. An increment of entropy interpreted as an increment of the amount of information about the state of the system determines the adoption or rejection of another extra observation to be carried out.

Theory-Practice Gap: The Experiences of Nigerian Nursing Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Titilayo Dorothy Odetola ◽  
Olusola Oluwasola ◽  
Christoph Pimmer ◽  
Oluwafemi Dipeolu ◽  
Samson Oluwayemi Akande ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
The Body ◽  
Clinical Staff ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Practice Gap ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Analyse Data ◽  
Theory Practice Gap

The “disconnect” between the body of knowledge acquired in classroom settings and the application of this knowledge in clinical practice is one of the main reasons for professional fear, anxiety and feelings of incompetence among freshly graduated nurses. While the phenomenon of the theory-to-practice gap has been researched quite extensively in high-income country settings much less is known about nursing students’ experiences in a developing country context. To rectify this shortcoming, the qualitative study investigated the experiences of nursing students in their attempt to apply what they learn in classrooms in clinical learning contexts in seven sites in Nigeria. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse data gained from eight focus group discussions (n = 80) with the students. The findings reveal a multifaceted theory-practice gap which plays out along four tensions: (1) procedural, i.e. the difference between practices from education institutions and the ones enacted in clinical wards – and contradictions that emerge even within one clinical setting; (2) political, i.e. conflicts that arise between students and clinical staff, especially personnel with a lower qualification profile than the degree that students pursue; (3) material, i.e. the disconnect between contemporary instruments and equipment available in schools and the lack thereof in clinical settings; and (4) temporal, i.e. restricted opportunities for supervised practice owing to time constraints in clinical settings in which education tends to be undervalued. Many of these aspects are linked to and aggravated by infrastructural limitations, which are typical for the setting of a developing country. Nursing students need to be prepared regarding how to deal with the identified procedural, political, material and temporal tensions before and while being immersed in clinical practice, and, in so doing, they need to be supported by educationally better qualified clinical staff.

PENINGKATAN KEMANDIRIAN BELAJAR SISWA SMP MELALUI PEMBELAJARAN BERBASIS MASALAH

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanti Jumaisyaroh Siregar
Keyword(s):  
Problem Based Learning ◽  
Mathematic Teacher ◽  
Self Regulated Learning ◽  
Regulated Learning ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
Direct Learning ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control ◽  
Learning Data

The purposes of this research were to know: the difference of improvement in self-regulated learning of students that given problem-based learning with students that given  direct learning. The type of this research is a quasi-experimental research by taking samples from the existing population. The variable of this research consist of independent variable that is problem based learning model while the dependent variable isself regulated learning of student.The population of this research is all students of SMP Swasta Ar-rahman Percut and the sample of this research is grade eight with taken sample two classes (experiment and control)  with total 60 students. The instrument of this research were: scale of self-regulated learning. Data that have been collected then analyzed and performed hypothesis testing by using T-test. Based of the results analysis, it showed that: improvment  of the students’ self-regulated learning that given problem-based learning was higher than the students’ ability that given direct learning His then, suggested that problem-based learning be used as an alternative for mathematic teacher to improved students’ ability in mathematical critical thinking and self-regulated learning.

PROGNOSTIC VALUE OF COMBINATION AIMS65 AND MELD SCORES IN CIRRHOTIC PATIENTS WITH ACUTE VARICEAL BLEEDING

2019 ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Thi Nhung Nguyen ◽  
Trung Nam Phan ◽  
Van Huy Tran
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Portal Hypertension ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Variceal Bleeding ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
Acute Variceal Bleeding ◽  
Cirrhotic Patients ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Bacground: Variceal bleeding is a severe complication of portal hypertension due to cirrhosis with high rate of motality, hence, predicting early rebleeding and mortality in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding is vital in clinical practice. Objectives: To evaluate the prognostic value of the combination of AIMS65 and MELD scores in predicting first 5 days in-hospital rebleeding and mortality in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding. Materials and Methods: 44 cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding hospitalized at Hue Central Hospital. MELD and AIMS65 scores were calculated within the first 24 hours and monitoring rebleeding and mortality in the first 5 days in these patients. Results: AIMS65, MELD scores can predict first 5 days rebleeding and mortality with AUROC are 0.81, 0.69 and 0.92, 0.95, respectively. Combination of AIMS65 and MELD scores can predict first 5 days in hospital rebleeding with AUROC is 0.84, sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 81.6% (p<0.001) and mortality with AUROC is 0.96, sensitivity 100%, specificity 92.7% (p<0.001). Conclusions: The combination of AIMS65 and MELD scores increased the sensitivity, specificity and prognostic value in predicting first 5 days in-hospital rebleeding and mortality in cirrhotic patients with acute variceal bleeding in compare to each single scores. Key words: AiMS65 score, MELd, acute variceal bleeding

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