Ultrasonography in physiotherapy and rehabilitation

There is an interrelation with ultrasound / physiotherapist and the duty of the physiotherapist to know how to perform ultrasound examinations alone, not for diagnostic purposes, to follow the evolution of the therapeutic cycle of physiotherapy. For this reason, ultrasound image analysis (US) is a promising non-invasive approach that uses load-dependent changes in the intensity of the echo to characterize the rigidity of muscle and tendon tissue. The purpose of this contribution is to improve the use of ultrasound images (US) and the role of the physiotherapist, who are able to detect localized changes, in particular in stiffness of the tendon due to partial and full-thickness tendon tears. Image intensity information is less sensitive for identifying load transmission variations resulting from partial thickness cuts initiated on the joint side. Ultrasound images can be useful for quantitatively assessing the variations dependent on the tendon load and muscle stiffness in physiotherapy and that the interruption of the behavior of the acousto-elastic ultrasound images can be indicative of substantial damage to the muscle or tendon.

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Alterations of 5-hydroxymethylation in circulating cell-free DNA reflect molecular distinctions of subtypes of non-Hodgkin lymphoma

npj Genomic Medicine ◽

10.1038/s41525-021-00179-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Brian C.-H. Chiu ◽

Chang Chen ◽

Qiancheng You ◽

Rudyard Chiu ◽

Girish Venkataraman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

B Cell Lymphoma ◽

Cell Free Dna ◽

Invasive Approach ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Signature Genes ◽

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Free Dna ◽

Genome Wide ◽

Circulating Cell Free Dna

AbstractThe 5-methylcytosines (5mC) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma (FL). However, the role of 5-hydroxymethylcytosines (5hmC) that are generated from 5mC through active demethylation, in lymphomagenesis is unknown. We profiled genome-wide 5hmC in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from 73 newly diagnosed patients with DLBCL and FL. We identified 294 differentially modified genes between DLBCL and FL. The differential 5hmC in the DLBCL/FL-differentiating genes co-localized with enhancer marks H3K4me1 and H3K27ac. A four-gene panel (CNN2, HMG20B, ACRBP, IZUMO1) robustly represented the overall 5hmC modification pattern that distinguished FL from DLBCL with an area under curve of 88.5% in the testing set. The median 5hmC modification levels in signature genes showed potential for separating patients for risk of all-cause mortality. This study provides evidence that genome-wide 5hmC profiles in cfDNA differ between DLBCL and FL and could be exploited as a non-invasive approach.

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Enhancing ultrasound texture differences for developing an in vivo 'virtual histology' approach to bovine ovarian imaging

Reproduction Fertility and Development ◽

10.1071/rd06167 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 910 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mark G. Eramian ◽

Gregg P. Adams ◽

Roger A. Pierson

Keyword(s):

Image Processing ◽

Ultrasound Image ◽

Ultrasound Images ◽

Virtual Histology ◽

Form And Function ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Candidate Image ◽

And Function ◽

Processing Techniques

A ‘virtual histology’ can be thought of as the ‘staining’ of a digital ultrasound image via image processing techniques in order to enhance the visualisation of differences in the echotexture of different types of tissues. Several candidate image-processing algorithms for virtual histology using ultrasound images of the bovine ovary were studied. The candidate algorithms were evaluated qualitatively for the ability to enhance the visual differences in intra-ovarian structures and quantitatively, using standard texture description features, for the ability to increase statistical differences in the echotexture of different ovarian tissues. Certain algorithms were found to create textures that were representative of ovarian micro-anatomical structures that one would observe in actual histology. Quantitative analysis using standard texture description features showed that our algorithms increased the statistical differences in the echotexture of stroma regions and corpus luteum regions. This work represents a first step toward both a general algorithm for the virtual histology of ultrasound images and understanding dynamic changes in form and function of the ovary at the microscopic level in a safe, repeatable and non-invasive way.

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Adaptive Otsu’s Technique for PCOS Segmentation from Ovarian Ultrasound Images

Intelligent Systems and Computer Technology - Advances in Parallel Computing ◽

10.3233/apc200210 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sheela S ◽

Sumathi M ◽

Nirmala Priya S ◽

Sangeeth Kumar B ◽

Yukesh Kumar S J ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Circular Polarization ◽

Mimo System ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Ultrasound Image ◽

Region Of Interest ◽

Ultrasound Images ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Antenna Performance ◽

Scanned Image ◽

Processing Techniques

Infertility is a common and important problem of many women in today’s life. Poly cystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the origin of the infertility. This endocrine disorder affects women’s reproductive system. It also causes other problems like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, etc. Among the various imaging modality, Ultrasound plays a major role in the diagnosis of PCOS since it is harmless, painless and non-invasive. Even though ultrasound image has so many advantages, due to poor image quality, inherent noise, overlapping of follicles and operator’s lack of prior knowledge, analyzing the characteristics of the scanned image is more challenging. Now a day, several image processing techniques are available to make this process easier. A commonly used segmentation method is Otsu’s threshold-based segmentation technique. But, it is suitable only for the high contrast image. To make this method suitable for all the images, Adaptive Otsu’s Technique (AOT) is developed and also achieved more desirable segmentation of the region of interest (ROI). In MIMO system , mutual coupling degrades the antenna performance to overcome this we go for circular polarization. In this paper, compact circular polarization and planar

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Foregut organ progenitors and their niche display distinct viscoelastic properties in vivo during early morphogenesis stages

10.1101/2021.05.31.446410 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Aliaksandr Dzementsei ◽

Younes F. A Barooji ◽

Elke A Ober ◽

Lene Broeng Oddershede

Keyword(s):

Optical Tweezers ◽

Material Properties ◽

Biological Function ◽

Living Matter ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Neighboring Cell ◽

Invasive Approach ◽

Non Invasive

Material properties of living matter play an important role for biological function and development. Yet, quantification of material properties of internal organs in vivo, without causing physiological damage, remains challenging. Here, we present a non-invasive approach based on modified optical tweezers for quantifying sub-cellular material properties deep inside living zebrafish. Material properties of cells within the gut region of living zebrafish are quantified as deep as 150 μ into the biological tissue. The measurements demonstrate differential mechanical properties of the developing foregut organs progenitors: Gut progenitors are more elastic than any of the neighboring cell populations at the time when the developing organs undergo substantial displacements during morphogenesis. The higher elasticity of gut progenitors correlates with an increased cellular concentration of microtubules. The results infer a role of material properties during morphogenesis and the approach paves the way for quantitative material investigations in vivo of embryos, explants, or organoids.

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Analysis of Ultrasound Images of Superficial Organs Based on the Combination of Global Features and Local Features

Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics ◽

10.1166/jmihi.2021.3351 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 988-995

Author(s):

Siqin Li ◽

Huicheng Lv ◽

Xiaoyan Yu

Keyword(s):

Ultrasound Image ◽

Local Features ◽

Input Image ◽

Local Feature ◽

Feature Descriptor ◽

Ultrasound Images ◽

Global Features ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Malignant Lesions ◽

Feature Information

Ultrasound imaging has become the preferred method for early detection of superficial organ lesions due to its non-invasive, economical, convenient, and radiation-free features. First, in the superficial organ ultrasound image analysis module based on local features, using Dense Sift as the local feature descriptor, the similarity sequence of the local features of the input image and the images in the sample library is calculated by the BOW algorithm and sorted in descending order of similarity. Secondly, using the wavelet transform’s local feature information representation capabilities in the time and frequency domains, the wavelet transform is performed on the small and identical feature information contained in the image to remove redundant information in each feature map to obtain a salient part of the image’s local features. Finally, through the analysis of elastic ultrasound images, a quantitative index that can be used to evaluate ultrasound images of superficial organs is proposed, which has higher accuracy and reliability than the current clinical methods for evaluating ultrasound images of superficial organs. By analyzing the features of superficial organ ultrasound images, it is proposed that the overall features of superficial organ ultrasound images are more conducive to distinguishing benign and malignant lesions than local features. Based on the initial localization of the lesion, the global features of the superficial organ ultrasound image were combined with the local features of the B-ultrasound image, and the method of combining global features with local features was used to classify and achieved good results.

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A Review on Various Ultrasound Image Despeckling Techniques

10.21467/proceedings.114.16 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Abhinav Panwar ◽

Ramesh K. Sunkaria ◽

Anterpreet Bedi

Keyword(s):

Ultrasound Imaging ◽

Ultrasound Image ◽

Speckle Noise ◽

Imaging Modalities ◽

Disease Detection ◽

Ultrasound Images ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Important Phenomenon ◽

Image Despeckling

Ultrasound imaging is considered as one of the most widely used imaging modalities owing to its simple and non-invasive nature. However, ultrasound images are usually manifested with speckle noise, that acts as a hindrance in carrying out any further analysis or disease detection by the radiologists. Despeckling of these images is thus a very important phenomenon to carry out further studies by medical experts. It is of utmost importance that ultrasound images be despeckled, keeping in consideration that no information is lost from the images. This paper covers various despeckling techniques that have been designed for ultrasound images, making sure that no information is lost.

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The Evolution of the Role of Imaging in the Diagnosis of Craniosynostosis: A Narrative Review

Children ◽

10.3390/children8090727 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (9) ◽

pp. 727

Author(s):

Giovanni Cacciaguerra ◽

Monica Palermo ◽

Lidia Marino ◽

Filippo Andrea Salvatore Rapisarda ◽

Piero Pavone ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Imaging Techniques ◽

Correct Choice ◽

Therapeutic Interventions ◽

Know How ◽

Non Invasive ◽

The Past ◽

Precise Diagnosis ◽

The Common ◽

Technological Limitations

Craniosynostosis, the premature closure of cranial sutures, is one of the principal causes of pediatric skull deformities. It can cause aesthetic, neurological, acoustic, ophthalmological complications up to real emergencies. Craniosynostosis are primarily diagnosed with accurate physical examination, skull measurement and observation of the deformity, but the radiological support currently plays an increasingly important role in confirming a more precise diagnosis and better planning for therapeutic interventions. The clinician must know how to diagnose in the earliest and least invasive way for the child. In the past, technological limitations reduced the choices; today, however, there are plenty of choices and it is necessary to use the various types of available imaging correctly. In the future, imaging techniques will probably rewrite the common classifications we use today. We provide an updated review of the role of imaging in this condition, through the ages, to outline the correct choice for the clinician for an early and non-invasive diagnosis.

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Preparing the Child for Productive Life

IJOHMN ◽

10.24113/ijohmn.v5i4.155 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 16

Author(s):

Stella Baindu Fortune Fortune

Keyword(s):

Learner Control ◽

Counseling Services ◽

Guidance And Counseling ◽

School Life ◽

Productive Life ◽

Know How ◽

Physical Conditions ◽

The Family ◽

Genetic Endowment

The nature of children’s development is greatly influenced by the environmental conditions in which they are brought up. The amount of social stimulation which they receive is of particular importance, and even if physical conditions are adequate, an unstimulating environment which provides with little opportunity or need to experiment or solve problems will result in low level of achievement. Perhaps the most important aspect of the child’s social development is beyond the reach of the teacher. For the first very important aspect of the child’s development lies in the home. Genetic endowment and cultural level of the family, coupled with the actual physical conditions of the home will have decisive effect on the child’s development and will continue to influence him throughout his school life. These factors are inaccessible to be influenced by the teacher but it is as well for him to have them in mind in his dealings with pupils. In addition, he will need to know how he may most effectively change his pupils along the lives he considers to be the most appropriate. That is, he will seek out the most efficient ways of getting pupils learn for productive life in future. The topic under review will be approached from various fronts which include; The Sociological and Philosophical models; role of the school; Learners’ responsibility; role of the teacher; discipline and learner control; role of the parent; guidance and counseling services and conclusion.

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Role of Cardiac MRI in Detecting Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Review

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences ◽

10.24191/jchs.v1i1.5846 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 4

Author(s):

Marymol Koshy ◽

Bushra Johari ◽

Mohd Farhan Hamdan ◽

Mohammad Hanafiah

Keyword(s):

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

Genetic Disorder ◽

Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Wide Range ◽

Proper Diagnosis ◽

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽

Potential Use

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a global disease affecting people of various ethnic origins and both genders. HCM is a genetic disorder with a wide range of symptoms, including the catastrophic presentation of sudden cardiac death. Proper diagnosis and treatment of this disorder can relieve symptoms and prolong life. Non-invasive imaging is essential in diagnosing HCM. We present a review to deliberate the potential use of cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging in HCM assessment and also identify the risk factors entailed with risk stratification of HCM based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI).

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