scholarly journals POETIC FUNCTIONS OF THE TRANSFORMATION MOTIF IN WRITTEN LITERATURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-31
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
The World ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Will ◽  
Poetic Prose

By means of comparative-typological tools the article describes the ‘Transformation’ motif as one of the most ancient, traditional motifs in the oral and written literature of the world. It explains the existence of general and specific features comparing poetic appearances and functions; correlation between genesis and mythological thinking, as well as the usage of remnants in modern literature on the basis of poetic innovations. The ‘Transformation’ motif has been used in the written literature since ancient times. In the written literature, this motive occurs in the plot construction of poetic, prose, and dramatic works. It is also widely used in works based on fairy-tale stylization, novels, short stories, narratives, in the spirit of fiction and social life. Samples of ancient literature describe the transformation of the main hero as divinely as in folklore. The only difference from folklore is that it reflects the fact that transformation takes place in the form of punishing someone under the will and influence of the Gods. The fictions which are created in the next stages of evolution depict the transformation of a human being as a direct result of his/her achievements in science and technology. Therefore, transformation motifs are often encountered in literary tales, works of scientific-fantastic mood. In the world literature, from ancient times to the present, transformation has been described as being carried out by Gods, demonological forces (Satan, demon, and witches), ordinary people, or scientists.

Lifeworlds of Islam

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed A. Bamyeh
Keyword(s):  
Social Participation ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Specific Problem ◽  
Global Citizenship ◽  
Religious Life ◽  
Relevant Factor ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Global Networks ◽  
The World

Islam is what Muslims do. From this premise, the book elaborates a sociology of Islam in three concise chapters. The book shows that Islam has operated typically not in the form of standard dogmas, but usually as a compass for practical orientations (“lifeworlds”). This more pragmatic character of the faith established it as a relevant factor in three arenas in which common social life acquires meaning: participatory ethics, public philosophies, and global networks. The book argues that all three are poorly understood in recent literature, which tends to focus on one specific problem or another, and then in isolation from global and historical contexts. The book argues that the larger preoccupations of ordinary Muslims—how to live in a global society; how to guide life in the manner of a total philosophy; and how to relate to the world of daily struggles—are unique neither to the present period nor to religious life. But the career of a particular religion—Islam in this case—offers a focused empirical lens through which we may learn something more about the nature of global citizenship; the philosophical needs of ordinary people; and the sorts of ethics that facilitate social participation.

scholarly journals A Study of Autobiographies: Confessions, Facts, Fiction and Hypothesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 457-461
Author(s):  
Mohammed Osman Abdul Wahab ◽  
Nisar Ahmad Koka ◽  
Mohammed Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Movie Stars ◽  
The World ◽  
Normal Human ◽  
Ancient Times

Since ancient times, man has attempted to express his inner feelings, covetousness and inclination to the world through various mediums e.g. poetry, drama, story, etc. Literature is one of the outcomes of the man’s efforts to reveal his aspirations to the world. Literature has avalanche of the widespread genre which is always subject to precisely apprehend and assimilate. Biography and autobiography are the two different genres of literature. The life of an individual is full of sweet and bitter experiences. There are incidences in an individual’s life which he or she never wants to share with anybody. Politicians, Rulers, Socialites, Movie Stars and other public personalities are also normal human beings. They too have their personal share of problems in their lives and in an attempt to resolve those issues they sometimes commit mistakes and even crimes which they never want anyone to know. Sometimes they commit these mistakes, misdemeanours, felonies or crimes because of their lustful desires or inclinations.  The present paper is a result of interest and curiosity to know if individuals share such information in their autobiographies.

scholarly journals RECEPTION AND CIRCULATION OF MACHADO'S DRAMATIC WORKS

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (27) ◽  
pp. 48-66
Author(s):  
BETHANY BEYER
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Dramatic Works ◽  
The World

Abstract This article examines how Machado's consecration as a national literary hero, and more recently as a world literature figure, has included or excluded his dramatic works. In doing so, the piece considers the role of collections, critical evaluations, book reviews, and performances. The effort to trace the presence and reception of his plays in various publications and languages demonstrates that in Brazil, the dramatic works initially were preserved out of obligation, but now they are undergoing a limited re-evaluation. Outside of Brazil, appreciation for Machado is genre specific; his plays largely are excluded from the world literature scene. In essence, his prose overshadows his dramatic works, and his extant plays do not enter into his construction as a world literature author.

scholarly journals Distinctive features of horizontal and vertical symbols in fairy tales and specificity of their reproduction in translation

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
World View ◽  
Target Language ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Primitive People ◽  
The World ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Right

Orientation in space plays an essential role for a human being in the view of his / her life. Beginning from the ancient times, people explored space through horizontal and later vertical dimensions. This led to symbolization of objects that surrounded them. Complete reflection of symbols of space, in particular, horizontal and vertical symbols, is concisely traced in the fairy tale genre. Being one of the archaic forms of folklore, the fairy tale co-opted various elements of mythological beliefs of primitive people, their cognition and way of life, and later was supplemented by individual idiosyncratic elements of the world view. Symbols of both dimensions actualize primary (physical) and secondary meanings (which are also signified by evaluative, moral and ethical, as well as ecclesiastically religious meanings). The most frequently used vertical and horizontal symbols in the fairy tales are those actualized according to the “right” / “left” and “top” / “bottom” criteria. Despite relatively extended research in the field of fairy tale symbols, there are few studies which deal with the issue of conveying vertical and horizontal symbols into the target language. The aim of the article is to highlight the ways of rendering vertical and horizontal symbols taken from English and Ukrainian fairy tales, and to assess adequacy of their reproduction in the target language. According to the results of the research, it can be concluded that due to its universal character, the symbols of vertical and horizontal space are easily rendered into the receiving cultures. However, adequate reproduction of vertical and horizontal symbols requires identification of their role in a certain fairy tale text, and, consequently, the importance of their rendering into the target language.

The Fluidity of Categories in Hasidism: Averah lishmah in the Teachings of R. Zevi Elimelekh of Dynow

1996 ◽  
pp. 301-320
Author(s):  
Yehoshua Mondshine
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
Divine Retribution ◽  
The World ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Will Of God

This chapter investigates the concept of ‘sin for the sake of Heaven’ (averah lishmah) in the teachings of R. Zevi Elimelekh of Dynow. In broad terms, there are two types of ‘sin for the sake of Heaven’, one intended for zaddikim only, the other for ordinary people. The first type solves a problem which faces the zaddik: his usual concern is with mitsvot which by their nature draw down the benign forces of heavenly deliverance and grace on the world; but how is he to deal with cases in which it is his duty to bring down divine retribution on the heads of the enemies of Israel? In such cases, he is called upon to commit a sin—albeit for the sake of Heaven—an act which by its nature brings judgements and accusations into being. Although this type of ‘sin for the sake of Heaven’ is more commonly found in his writings, one shall, however, give more attention to the second type. At every moment of the life of the hasid, he deliberates over every action or omission, and the halakhah is powerless to guide him. In addition to all other considerations he must also take account of ‘the Will of God’, a will that is not written in the Torah, since it changes according to time and place and to the spiritual condition of the individual at any particular time.

Therapeutic fairy tale as a tool supporting educational work of the teacher

2019 ◽  
Vol 577 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-26
Author(s):  
Anna Witkowska-Tomaszewska
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Therapeutic Tool ◽  
Educational Work ◽  
Social Competencies ◽  
The World ◽  
Adult World ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Use of fairy tales as a therapeutic tool dates back to ancient times because Greeks already used fairy tales as a tool to impact human emotions, attitudes and behavior. By fairy tales, children make a parallel between themselves and the protagonists and through the protagonists’ experiences they develop their own cognitive, emotional or social competencies necessary to deal with specifi c situations in their own lives. Interestingly – as stressed by B. Bettelheim – children select from fairy tales things they are ready for, what they can handle at a given moment, at the level they need. Fairy tales are therefore an important tool for children to learn about the world and I would even say that they are “tools for social and cultural decoding” which help children to get to know and understand the adult world. On the other hand, they are tools that enables adults to discover what is happening in the children’s minds of. Thus, a question arises, what kinds of therapeutic fairy tales exist. How to prepare a fairy tale? How can they be used in everyday educational work? This article presents a method of preparing a therapeutic fairy tale and examples of using fairy tales in educational work with children.

Fairy Tale Science

2019 ◽  
pp. 155-174
Author(s):  
Sophia Moskalenko ◽  
Clark McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Developmental Psychology ◽  
The Self ◽  
Developmental Origins ◽  
Ordinary People ◽  
The World

The last section of the book focuses on the audience of martyrdom: ordinary people who make the extraordinary achievements of martyrs possible. The authors describe the developmental origins of self-sacrifice, its psychological appeal, and its effects on those who engage in it. The developmental psychology of self-sacrifice begins with a child born a perfect egoist, unable to see the world from a perspective different from her own. Through the first several years, she learns to act altruistically and learns the rewards of this action. A major milestone of socialization is the capacity to value the self-sacrifices of others. This achievement is owed to expanding cognitive and emotional capacities, and aided by exposure to fairy tales and identification with fairy tale characters.

Indonesian Literature’s Position in World Literature

TEKNOSASTIK ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Dina Amelia
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
The Other ◽  
National Literature ◽  
Western World ◽  
The World ◽  
The One ◽  
The Voice

There are two most inevitable issues on national literature, in this case Indonesian literature. First is the translation and the second is the standard of world literature. Can one speak for the other as a representative? Why is this representation matter? Does translation embody the voice of the represented? Without translation Indonesian literature cannot gain its recognition in world literature, yet, translation conveys the voice of other. In the case of production, publication, or distribution of Indonesian Literature to the world, translation works can be very beneficial. The position of Indonesian literature is as a part of world literature. The concept that the Western world should be the one who represent the subaltern can be overcome as long as the subaltern performs as the active speaker. If the subaltern remains silent then it means it allows the “representation” by the Western.

Comparing Comparisons: Political Implications of Different Notions of Difference

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-26
Author(s):  
Glenn Odom
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Studies ◽  
World Literature ◽  
The West ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
The World ◽  
Critical Attention ◽  
David Damrosch ◽  
Location Point

With the rise of the American world literature movement, questions surrounding the politics of comparative practice have become an object of critical attention. Taking China, Japan and the West as examples, the substantially different ideas of what comparison ought to do – as exhibited in comparative literary and cultural studies in each location – point to three distinct notions of the possible interactions between a given nation and the rest of the world. These contrasting ideas can be used to reread political debates over concrete juridical matters, thereby highlighting possible resolutions. This work follows the calls of Ming Xie and David Damrosch for a contextualization of different comparative practices around the globe.

Boatmen, Wastrels, and Demons: Figures of Literature

CounterText ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Sawhney
Keyword(s):  
Social Studies ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Sanskrit Text ◽  
Modern Democracy ◽  
Political Debates ◽  
The World ◽  
National Literatures

Engaging some of the questions opened by Ranjan Ghosh's and J. Hillis Miller's book Thinking Literature Across Continents (2016), this essay begins by returning to Aijaz Ahmad's earlier invocation of World Literature as a project that, like the proletariat itself, must stand in an antithetical relation to the capitalism that produced it. It asks: is there an essential link between a certain idea of literature and a figure of the world? If we try to broach this link through Derrida's enigmatic and repeated reflections on the secret – a secret ‘shared’ by both literature and democracy – how would we grasp Derrida's insistence on the ‘Latinity’ of literature? The groundlessness of reading that we confront most vividly in our encounter with fictional texts is both intensified, and in a way, clarified, by new readings and questions posed by the emergence of new reading publics. The essay contends that rather than being taught as representatives of national literatures, literary texts in ‘World Literature’ courses should be read as sites where serious historical and political debates are staged – debates which, while being local, are the bearers of universal significance. Such readings can only take place if World Literature strengthens its connections with the disciplines Miller calls, in the book, Social Studies. Paying particular attention to the Hindi writer Premchand's last story ‘Kafan’, and a brief section from the Sanskrit text the Natyashastra, it argues that struggles over representation, over the staging of minoritised figures, are integral to fiction and precede the thinking of modern democracy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document