SPECTRUM OF HRCT CHEST FINDINGS IN COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 52-54
Author(s):  
Nilesh H Chaudhari ◽  
Dhiraj S Pati ◽  
Saurabh R Sonawane ◽  
Rohit S Raje ◽  
Vishal A Gehi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Spatial Frequency ◽  
Reconstruction Algorithm ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Diffuse Lung Diseases ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Diffuse Lung

INTRODUCTION: Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is current ongoing pandemic in world since its outbreak in Wuhan China in December 2019. It has affected 78.8 million people with 1.7 million deaths worldwide till date (23rd December 2020). To evaluate spectrum of HRCT AIMS: Chest ndings in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 i.e. COVID-19. HRCT were done in MATERIAL AND METHODS: 242 patients with SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR positive status admitted in our COVID CARE CENTRE. HRCT is useful in assessment of severity of COVID-19 infection and subsequent plan for the treatment. HRCT of the chest obtains thin-slice chest images and process in a high-spatial-frequency reconstruction algorithm. This technique obtains images with exquisite lung detail, which are ideal for the assessment of diffuse lung diseases. RESULTS: Ground glass opacication is predominant nding present in majority of cases of COVID-19. Other common ndings include crazy paving pattern, consolidation, vascular dilation and subpleural linear opacities. These ndings can aid in early diagnosis of COVID-19. ABBREVIATIONS: HRCT (High-resolution computed tomography), COVID-19(Coronavirus disease-19), SARS-CoV-2(severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2), GGO (ground glass opacication), ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome), RT-PCR (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction), DIC (disseminated intravascular coagulation), DVT (deep vein thrombosis).

Development and evaluation of a computer-based decision support system for diffuse lung diseases at high-resolution computed tomography

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512199579
Author(s):  
Simon S Martin ◽  
Delina Kolaneci ◽  
Julian L Wichmann ◽  
Lukas Lenga ◽  
Doris Leithner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Differential Diagnoses ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Diffuse Lung Diseases ◽  
Hrct Patterns ◽  
Diffuse Lung

Background High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is essential in narrowing the possible differential diagnoses of diffuse and interstitial lung diseases. Purpose To investigate the value of a novel computer-based decision support system (CDSS) for facilitating diagnosis of diffuse lung diseases at HRCT. Material and Methods A CDSS was developed that includes about 100 different illustrations of the most common HRCT signs and patterns and describes the corresponding pathologies in detail. The logical set-up of the software facilitates a structured evaluation. By selecting one or more CT patterns, the program generates a ranked list of the most likely differential diagnoses. Three independent and blinded radiology residents initially evaluated 40 cases with different lung diseases alone; after at least 12 weeks, observers re-evaluated all cases using the CDSS. Results In 40 patients, a total of 113 HRCT patterns were evaluated. The percentage of correctly classified patterns was higher with CDSS (96.8%) compared to assessment without CDSS (90.3%; P < 0.01). Moreover, the percentage of correct diagnosis (81.7% vs. 64.2%) and differential diagnoses (89.2% vs. 38.3%) were superior with CDSS compared to evaluation without CDSS (both P < 0.01). Conclusion Addition of a CDSS using a structured approach providing explanations of typical HRCT patterns and graphical illustrations significantly improved the performance of trainees in characterizing and correctly identifying diffuse lung diseases.

Thrombophilic risk factors are laterally associated with Apolipoprotein E gene polymorphisms in deep vein thrombosis patients: An Indian study

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 324-335
Author(s):  
Pulkit Rastogi ◽  
Narender Kumar ◽  
Jasmina Ahluwalia ◽  
Reena Das ◽  
Neelam Varma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Gene Polymorphisms ◽  
Apoe Gene ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Apolipoprotein E Gene ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Apoe Genotypes ◽  
Deep Vein

Introduction Deep vein thrombosis is a multifactorial disease with many acquired and genetic risk factors. Polymorphism in the APOE gene is an upcoming potential pathogenic factor whose role is unclear in deep vein thrombosis. Methods An equal number of deep vein thrombosis cases and controls (N = 100, each) were investigated for APOE gene polymorphisms along with known acquired and hereditable thrombophilic risk factors. APOE genotyping was done by polymerase chain reaction. Results The ε3/ε4 and ε2/ε3 APOE genotypes were commoner in deep vein thrombosis cases than controls but not statistically significant ( ε3/ε4 → 18% versus 11%, OR = 1.776, CI = 0.792–3.984, p = 0.16; ε2/ε3 →10% versus 9%, OR = 1.123, CI = 0.436–2.895, p = 0.809). However, the following risk factors were found to be laterally associated with APOE genotypes in cases of deep vein thrombosis: pregnancy with ε2/ε3 genotype positivity (N = 29; p = 0.019), recurrent pregnancy loss with ε3/ε3 genotype (N = 29; p = 0.016), normal antithrombin levels with ε3/ε3 genotype (N = 62; p = 0.03) and non-O blood group with ε3/ε4 genotype (N = 100; p = 0.023). Conclusion APOE genotypes have shown only a modest association with deep vein thrombosis and were not statistically significant. A lateral association of these genotypes with thrombophilic risk factors was observed which may be investigated further for the possible pathogenetic mechanisms and their therapeutic implications.

scholarly journals Chest CT as a Complement to RT-PCR to Confirm and Follow-up COVID-19 Patients

Medicinus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Aziza Ghanie Icksan ◽  
Muhammad Hafiz ◽  
Annisa Dian Harlivasari
Keyword(s):  
Chest Ct ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
First Case ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Polymerase Chain

<p><strong>Background : </strong>The first case of COVID-19 in Indonesia was recorded in March 2020. Limitation of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) has put chest CT as an essential complementary tool in the diagnosis and follow up treatment for COVID-19. Literatures strongly suggested that High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) is essential in diagnosing typical symptoms of COVID-19 at the early phase of disease due to its superior sensitivity  (97%) compared to chest x-ray (CXR).</p><p>The two cases presented in this case study showed the crucial role of chest CT with HRCT to establish the working diagnosis and follow up COVID-19 patients as a complement to RT-PCR, currently deemed a gold standard.<strong></strong></p>

scholarly journals Case Report: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pneumonia With Multiple Thromboembolism

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Cao ◽  
Guqin Zhang ◽  
Huabing Xie ◽  
Emily Pellegrini ◽  
Jin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Throat Swab ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Inhalation Therapy ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Pulmonary Damage ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
Pcr Test

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) broke out in Wuhan, China, in late December 2019 and has since spread rapidly around the world. Severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia patients have abnormal blood coagulation function, but their thromboembolism prevalence is still unknown. We reported a case of a 49-year-old man infected with COVID-19, presenting with fever, chest pain, limb weakness, myalgia, and dyspnea. The patient was diagnosed with severe COVID-19 pneumonia, pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), and cerebral infarction. He received supportive and empirical treatment including anticoagulant treatment, anti-inflammatory treatment, oxygen supply, and inhalation therapy. The patient's symptoms, CT images, and laboratory results improved after treatment, and a throat swab was reported to be negative for SARS-CoV-2 virus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. However, on day 51 of illness onset, CT reexamination demonstrated hemorrhagic infarction. Anticoagulant therapy was discontinued temporarily. After the patient tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 virus by PCR test six more times, he was discharged and remained in home quarantine. This case highlights the importance of clinician attentiveness to the appearance of multiple thromboembolism, especially in patients with severe pulmonary damage. It also emphasizes the diagnostic value of early CT imaging and the need for effective treatment once thrombotic events occur.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Association Between MicroRNA Biogenesis Gene Polymorphisms and Venous Thromboembolism in Koreans

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (15) ◽  
pp. 3771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Ju Ko ◽  
Eo Jin Kim ◽  
Jung Oh Kim ◽  
Jung Hoon Sung ◽  
Han Sung Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Mirna Biogenesis ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
And Function ◽  
Deep Vein

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) involves the formation of a blood clot, typically in the deep veins of the leg or arm (deep vein thrombosis), which then travels via the circulatory system and ultimately lodges in the lungs, resulting in pulmonary embolism. A number of microRNAs (miRNAs) are well-known regulators of thrombosis and thrombolysis, and mutations in miRNA biogenesis genes, such as DICER1, DROSHA have been implicated in miRNA synthesis and function. We investigated the genetic association between polymorphisms in four miRNA biogenesis genes, DICER1 rs3742330A > G, DROSHA rs10719T > C, RAN rs14035C > T and XPO5 rs11077A > C, and VTE in 503 Koreans: 300 controls and 203 patients. Genotyping was assessed with polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assays. We detected associations between polymorphisms in RAN and XPO5 and VTE prevalence (RAN rs14035CC + CT versus TT: p = 0.018; XPO5 rs11077AA + AC versus CC: p < 0.001). Analysis of allele combinations of all four polymorphisms (DICER1, DROSHA, RAN, XPO5) revealed that A-T-T-A was associated with decreased VTE prevalence (p = 0.0002), and A-T-C-C was associated with increased VTE prevalence (p = 0.027). Moreover, in subjects with provoked VTE, the DROSHA rs10719T > C, polymorphism was associated with increased disease prevalence (TT versus TC + CC: p < 0.039). Our study demonstrates that RAN and XPO5 polymorphisms are associated with risk for VTE in Korean subjects.

scholarly journals Deep vein thrombosis with pulmonary thromboembolism in a case of severe COVID-19 pneumonia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. e240932
Author(s):  
Sujata Devi ◽  
Sudipta Mohakud ◽  
Nilanjan Kar ◽  
Divya Muthuvel
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Pulmonary Thromboembolism ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Colour Doppler ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Deep Vein ◽  
D Dimer

A 53-year-old man with diabetes came to the emergency department with fever and dry cough for 5 days, swelling of the left leg for 2 days, shortness of breath and chest pain for 1 hour. He had raised temperature, tachycardia, tachypnoea, reduced oxygen saturation and swollen tender left leg on examination. The frontal chest radiograph showed bilateral ground-glass opacities; he tested positive for COVID-19 with elevated D-dimer. The colour Doppler examination of the left leg revealed acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the common femoral and the popliteal veins. The chest CT showed bilateral diffuse ground-glass opacities predominantly involving peripheral zones and the lower lobes. The CTPA revealed left pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE), treated with low-molecular-weight heparin. COVID-19 predominantly affects the respiratory system. DVT and PTE are common in COVID-19 but lethal. They should be diagnosed early by clinical and radiological examinations and treated promptly with anticoagulants.

scholarly journals HIGH-RESOLUTION CT (HRCT) CHEST FINDINGS IN PCR POSITIVE PATIENTS OF COVID19 AT COMBINED MILITARY HOSPITAL RAWALPINDI

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 951-54
Author(s):  
Javed Ahmad Khan ◽  
Faryal Asmat ◽  
Fuad Ahmad Siddiqi ◽  
Tariq Bashir Tareen ◽  
Fayyaz Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
British Society ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Mediastinal Lymphadenopathy ◽  
Military Hospital ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Objective: To study High resolution computed tomography chest findings in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) positive patients of COVID-19. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Combined Military Hospital Rawalpindi, from May to Jun 2020. Methodology: Study included high resolution computed tomography chest of 200 patients admitted to COVID ward who were polymerase chain reaction positive. Patients having previously diagnosed Interstitial lung disease were excluded. Informed consent from patients were taken. Different findings on High resolution computed tomography chest were summarized as percent of total cases. British society of thoracic imaging (BSTI) classification was used to classify high resolution computed tomography chest patterns of COVID-19 pneumonia. Results: Out of 200 patients included in study, 7 had previous changes on their chest imaging and were excluded. 193 patients (145 males and 48 females) enrolled had a median age of 52 years. One hundred and two patients (52.9%) showed classical pattern for COVID-19, 81 patients (41.9%) had indeterminate changes, 3 patients (1.6%) had atypical changes while 7 (3.6%) had normal high resolution computed tomography chest. Four had pleural effusions while 5 had mediastinal lymphadenopathy. One hundred and eight nine (97.9%) patients had bilateral lung involvement, 145 (75.1%) had central and peripheral while 48 (24.9%) had peripheral invol-vement only. One hundred and forteen (59%) patients had ground glass opacities while 70 (36.3%) had ground glass opacities with consolidation. Nine (4.7%) patients presented with consolidation only. Conclusion: High resolution computed tomography chest and COVID polymerase chain reaction done at the same time.........

scholarly journals Evaluation of diffuse lung diseases by high resolution computed tomography of chest

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 1655
Author(s):  
Poonam Vohra ◽  
Harsumeet S. Sidhu
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Interstitial Pneumonia ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
High Resolution Computed Tomography ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Diffuse Lung Diseases ◽  
Diffuse Lung

Background: Diffuse lung diseases describe a heterogeneous group of disorders of the lower respiratory tract characterized by inflammation and derangement of the interstitium and loss of functional alveolar units. The disease is not restricted to the interstitium only, as it involves epithelial, endothelial and mesenchymal cells with the disease process extending into the alveoli, acini and bronchioles. Thus, the entire pulmonary parenchyma is involved. The objective of the study was to evaluate diffuse lung diseases by high resolution computed tomography of chest.Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was done in 30 patients. Adult patients of either sex of age group 18 and above showing reticular opacities on chest X-ray and those patients who were incidentally diagnosed as cases of diffuse lung diseases on HRCT chest were included in present study.Results: Reticular opacities were the most common roentgenographic finding followed by reticulonodular opacities. On HRCT, intra and interlobular septal thickening was the most common finding in Idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (usual interstitial pneumonia).Conclusions: High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) is superior to the plain chest X-ray for early detection and confirmation of suspected diffuse lung diseases. In addition, HRCT allows better assessment of the extent and distribution of disease, and it is especially useful in the investigation of patients with a normal chest radiograph. Coexisting disease is often best recognized on HRCT scanning.

scholarly journals COVID-19 presented with Deep Vein Thrombosis: An unusual case report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotfollah Davoodi ◽  
Morteza Taghavi ◽  
Alireza Razavi
Keyword(s):  
Deep Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Rare Condition ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
World Health ◽  
Leg Pain ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Efficient Treatment ◽  
Vein Thrombosis ◽  
Nasal Swab Sample ◽  
Deep Vein

Abstract BackgroundOn 31 December 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) was informed of a cluster of cases of pneumonia of unknown cause detected in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. The pneumonia was caused by a virus called SARS-Cov-2, which was later named COVID-19. In this report, we present a patient with COVID-19 who developed deep vein thrombosis.Case presentationA 57-year-old woman presented to the clinic's infectious department with no underlying illness due to pain, redness, and leg swelling. According to a patient report, she had a mild dry cough for the past 3 days and had no other symptoms. The patient had no history of prone thrombosis conditions. Initially, CT angiography was performed to rule out pulmonary thromboembolism, which showed no evidence of thrombosis. Dilatation and thrombosis were seen in the examinations of the paired veins of the leg, popliteal, superficial and left femoral joints, and no evidence of vascular flow suggesting acute DVT. Because of fever and lymphopenia, nasal swabs were used for sampling and SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid was detected by RT-PCR. Chest X-ray also revealed bilateral patchy ground-glass opacity. Other tests including ANA, Anti-dsDNA, RF test and ACA test was normal. Heparin at a dose of 80 units/kg IV bolus, chloroquine 400 mg single dose and lopinavir/ritonavir (Kaletra) 400 mg twice daily were prescribed to treat illness and relieve symptoms. On illness day 3, fever stopped and nasal swab sample turned undetectable for SARS-CoV-2 by RT-PCR as well as swelling and tenderness on her leg had been disappeared gradually. She is under regular follow-up with no new symptoms to date.Conclusion The mechanism of DVT formation due to COVID-19 is unknown despite thrombocytopenia, and has not been investigated but it resolved as COVID-19 symptoms, tenderness, and leg pain improved. Although COVID-19 presented with Deep Vein Thrombosis is a rare condition, in middle-aged people with sudden onset of manifestations, we should recognize it from other diseases as an important and treatable differential diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic assays, efficient treatment, and prudent use of CT-scan are important to control future COVID-19 spread.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document