RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LOWER ANTERIOR CROWDING WITH FACIAL HEIGHT AND DEPTH IN BENGALEE POPULATION - À CEPHALOMETRIC STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-61
Author(s):  
Manas Banerjee ◽  
Kasturi Mukherjee ◽  
Prakash Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Process ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Anterior Crowding ◽  
Linear Dimensions ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Dentofacial Deformity ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Cephalometric Study

INTRODUCTION- A study of head and face presents a multidimensional problem which includes height, depth and width dimension and esthetics. The head and face is not spherical with qual radius in all directions. It is rather an irregular polygon and could not be measured by simple geometrical and mensurational methods. Malocclusion and dentofacial deformity arise through variations in normal developmental process and so must be evaluated against a perspective of normal development of the craniofacial morphology like facial height and depth. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES- The basic aim of this study was to nd the co-relation between lower anterior crowding with facial height and depth in Bengalee population by the lateral cephalometrics. MATERIALS AND METHODS- The present study was conducted on thirty young Bengalee subjects comprising of males and females of fourteen to twenty years of age. Fifteen subjects were selected with noncrowded normal class - 1 cases and fteen with crowded mandibular incisors. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between facial height, facial depth and lower anterior crowding among the two above mentioned groups. RESULT AND CONCLUSION- Both linear dimensions and angular values were compared between the two sample groups. The measurements were taken from lateral cephalograms. The parameters used were Anterior facial height, Posterior facial height, mandibular length, Facial depth (SN length), 'e' and 'f' values (linear dimensions). The angular values compared were SN-MP angle, SN-Occlusal plane angle and SNEndognathion angle. For each measurement the mean, standard deviation and standard error were established. Correlation were made by comparing the different parameters between the crowded and non-crowded sample group.

Growth Pattern in Skeletal Class I Malocclusion: A Cephalometric Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
Sujal Amatya ◽  
Rabindra Man Shrestha ◽  
Shristi Napit
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Class I ◽  
Facial Growth ◽  
Skeletal Class ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Growth Modification ◽  
Cephalometric Study

Introduction: Great emphasis has been given to the evaluation of sagittal apical base relationship in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The prediction of magnitude and direction of facial growth based on sagittal relationship will help in orthodontic treatment with growth modification. The objective of the study is to assess the growth pattern in skeletal Class I malocclusion. Materials and Method: 104 subjects (52 male and 52 female) with the age between 18-30 years with Class I skeletal relation was selected from lateral cephalograms of patients visiting the Department of Orthodontics, Kantipur Dental College. The ANB angle was measured to assess the sagittal jaw relationship and the Jarabak’s ratio to access the growth pattern. Descriptive statistics were calculated for each parameter. Pearson’s test was done to evaluate the correlation between the parameters. Independent t-test was done to compare Anterior Facial height (AFH), Posterior Facial Height (PFH) and Jarabak’s ratio between male and female subjects. Result: Among the total subjects with skeletal Class I malocclusion; hyperdivergent growth pattern was least (10.57%), followed by normodivergent (18.26%) and hypodivergent growth pattern (71.15%). Mean Jarabak’s ratio for hyperdivergent, normodivergent and hypodivergent growth pattern were 58.65±1.94, 63.98±0.85 and 69.98±4.13 respectively. Very strong correlation was found between AFH and PFH in hyperdivergent (r = 0.821) and normodivergent group (r =0.978). Strong correlation was found in hypodivergent group between AFH and PFH (r =0.743). Also, strong correlation was found in hypodivergent group between PFH and Jarabak’s ratio (r =0.643). Conclusion: Hypodivergent growth pattern was the dominant growth pattern in skeletal Class I malocclusion. PFH influenced the determination of Jarabak’s ratio more than the AFH in hypodivergent growth pattern. Hypodivergent growth pattern is correlated with large SNB angle.

scholarly journals Hypodontia Patterns and Variations in Craniofacial Morphology in Japanese Orthodontic Patients

2006 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
pp. 996-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toshiya Endo ◽  
Rieko Ozoe ◽  
Sugako Yoshino ◽  
Shohachi Shimooka
Keyword(s):  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Linear Measurements ◽  
Posterior Group ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Anterior Posterior

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to explore the association of hypodontia patterns and variations in craniofacial morphology in Japanese orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 girls with hypodontia (the total group) were selected and categorized into anterior, posterior, and anterior-posterior groups according to the location of the congenitally missing teeth. By using the lateral cephalograms of each subject, 28 angular and 37 linear measurements were made. The cephalometric data were statistically analyzed and compared among the groups and with the Japanese cephalometric standards from 36 age-matched female subjects without hypodontia or malocclusion (the control group). Results: Every hypodontia group showed shorter anterior and overall cranial base lengths, shorter maxillary length, greater retroclination and elongation of mandibular incisors, and a larger interincisal angle than the control group. The total and anterior-posterior groups especially exhibited a significantly more prognathic mandible, larger retroclination of maxillary incisors, and a more counterclockwise-rotated occlusal plane. Furthermore, these skeletal and dental deviations were more remarkable in the anterior-posterior group than in either the anterior or the posterior group. Anterior hypodontia exerted as much influence on craniofacial morphology as posterior hypodontia. Conclusions: When orthodontic treatment is performed on patients with hypodontia, not only the number but also the distribution of missing teeth should be taken into consideration, though there was no significant difference in craniofacial morphology between anterior hypodontia and posterior hypodontia.

scholarly journals The difference between Begg and Straightwire appliances on molar position, occlusal plane angle, and anterior and posterior facial height changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Dewi Sartika Santoso ◽  
C. Christnawati ◽  
Cendrawasih Andusyana Farmasyanti
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Class I ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
The Difference

Background: Bimaxillary and bidental protrusion Class I Angle malocclusions have a characteristic convex facial profile and protrusion lips due to the labial inclination of the anterior teeth. Extraction of the first four premolars is the most common choice for orthodontic treatment of these cases when all the permanent teeth are complete and in good condition. Orthodontic treatment can be performed using the Begg or Straightwire techniques. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the difference in the effect of orthodontic treatment with Begg and Straightwire appliances on molar position, occlusal plane, and anterior and posterior facial height. Methods: Sixty pairs of lateral cephalograms before and after the treatment of patients with bimaxillary and bidental protrusive Angle malocclusion Class I, aged 18–35 years old, who underwent orthodontic treatment using the Begg and Straightwire techniques with the extraction of all first premolars that met the inclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using two-way repeated analysis of variance (p<0.05) and Pearson correlation (p<0.05). Results: Molar position, occlusal plane angle, and anterior and posterior facial heights increased significantly after the Begg technique treatment and decreased significantly after the Straightwire technique treatment (p<0.05), but there were no significant differences between the four variables in the two techniques (p>0.05). Medium correlation was found between variables in both the Begg and Straightwire techniques. Conclusion: Molars were extruded and mesialized and the occlusal plane angle and height of the anterior and posterior faces increased after the Begg appliances treatment. The molars moved mesially and occlusally and there was a decrease in the occlusal plane angle, as well as the height of the anterior and posterior faces, after treatment with the Straightwire appliances. However, there was no difference between the two techniques.

scholarly journals Noncompliance Open-Bite Treatment with Zygomatic Anchorage

2007 ◽  
Vol 77 (6) ◽  
pp. 986-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nejat Erverdi ◽  
Serdar Usumez ◽  
Alev Solak ◽  
Tamer Koldas
Keyword(s):  
Open Bite ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Zygomatic Implants ◽  
Skeletal Effects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
New Generation

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the dentoalveolar and skeletal effects of the new-generation open-bite appliance. Subjects and Methods: The study group was composed of 11 subjects with a mean age of 19.5 years who underwent intrusion of the posterior dentoalveolar segment using an open-bite appliance supported by bilateral zygomatic implants. The study was carried out on lateral cephalograms of the subjects taken before treatment and after intrusion. The mean intrusion time was 9.6 months. Results: The mean intrusion measured as the distance of the U6 to the palatal plane was 3.6 ± 1.4 mm (P &lt; .001). This resulted in an average of 3.0° ± 1.5° of closure of the Go-Gn-SN angle (P &lt; .001). The gain in the overbite was 5.1 ± 2.0 mm (P &lt; .001), and the overjet was reduced by 1.4 ± 1.5 mm (P &lt; .01). The change in the occlusal plane angle was an average of 2.4° ± 1.4° counterclockwise rotation (P &lt; .001). The lower facial height was also decreased significantly by 2.9 ± 1.3 mm (P &lt; .001). No significant changes were observed in the SNA angle and incisor positions (P &gt; .05), except for the interincisal angle, which was increased by 3.5° (P &lt; .05). Conclusion: Zygomatic anchorage can be used effectively for open-bite correction through posterior dentoalveolar intrusion.

Assessment of Craniofacial Morphology in Mouth Breathing Children. A retrospective case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3649-3653
Author(s):  
David Angelescu ◽  
Teodora Angelescu ◽  
Meda Romana Simu ◽  
Alexandrina Muntean ◽  
Anca Stefania Mesaros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Craniofacial Morphology ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Upper Lip ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Oral Breathing ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
Control Study

The aim of this retrospective case-control study is to determine a possible correlation between breathing mode and craniofacial morphology. The study was carried out in the Department of Pedodontics,Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The sample comprised 80 patients, age between 6 and 13 years, which were divided in two groups based on respiratory pattern: control group composed of 38 nasal breathing children and case group composed of 42 oral breathing children. Three quantitative craniofacial parameters were measured from the frontal and lateral photos: facial index, lower facial height ratio and upper lip ratio. The statistical analysis showed a significant higher facial index (p=0.006*) and an increase lower facial height (p=0.033*) for the oral breathers group. No differences in facial morphology were found between genders and age groups, when comparing the data between the same type of respiratory pattern children. Spearman�s rho Correlation show a significant positive correlation (p=0.002*) between facial index and lower facial height and a significant negative correlation between facial index and upper lip (p=0,005*). Long faces children are more likely to develop oral breathing in certain conditions, which subsequently have a negative effect on increasing the lower facial height by altering the postural behavior of mandible and tongue.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Craniofacial Characteristics between Two Different Adult Populations with Class II Malocclusion—A Cross-Sectional Retrospective Study

Biology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 438
Author(s):  
Arvind Sivakumar ◽  
Prasad Nalabothu ◽  
Huyen Nguyen Thanh ◽  
Gregory S. Antonarakis
Keyword(s):  
Growth Pattern ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Class Ii Malocclusion ◽  
South Indian Population ◽  
The South ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Mandibular Plane ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Craniofacial Characteristics

The dental, skeletal, and soft-tissue characteristics of a particular malocclusion can differ based on ethnicity, race, age, sex and geographical location with Class II malocclusion being one of the most prevalent malocclusions encountered in orthodontic clinical practice. The broad understanding of the characteristics of vertical skeletal and dental parameters in patients with Class II malocclusion can help clinicians to identify patterns and variations in the expression of this phenotype for better treatment outcomes. Hence, we compared the craniofacial characteristics of skeletal and dental Class II malocclusion traits from Indian and Vietnamese individuals to analyze the vertical skeletal and dental patterns in both population groups. The sample comprised of lateral cephalograms from 100 young adults with Class II malocclusion, of which fifty (25 males and 25 females) were from South India and the other 50 age- and sex-matched adults from Vietnam. The lateral cephalometric radiographs were digitized into anonymous image files and were traced and assessed for 16 vertical skeletal and dental parameters. The ANB angle was greater in males (+1.4 deg; p < 0.001) and females (+1.9 deg; p < 0.001) in the South Indian population. The Vietnamese males had a larger mandibular plane angle, articular angle, anterior facial height and lower anterior facial height compared to the Indian males. The Vietnamese females had larger mandibular plane and articular angles compared to the Indian females. The skeletal class II malocclusion was more severe in the South Indian compared to the Vietnamese adults. The Vietnamese sample showed a generalized tendency towards a more vertical skeletal growth pattern and in males this pattern seemed to be due to the dentoalveolar component. The Vietnamese females showed a tendency towards a vertical growth pattern, but without apparent contribution by the dentoalveolar component.

scholarly journals Dental and skeletal changes in patients with mandibular retrognathism following treatment with Herbst and pre-adjusted fixed appliance

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio de Abreu Vigorito ◽  
Gladys Cristina Dominguez ◽  
Luís Antônio de Arruda Aidar
Keyword(s):  
Phase I ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Initial Position ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Mandibular Movement ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Mandibular Retrognathism

OBJECTIVE: To assess the dentoskeletal changes observed in treatment of Class II, division 1 malocclusion patients with mandibular retrognathism. Treatment was performed with the Herbst orthopedic appliance during 13 months (phase I) and pre-adjusted orthodontic fixed appliance (phase II). METHODS: Lateral cephalograms of 17 adolescents were taken in phase I onset (T1) and completion (T2); in the first thirteen months of phase II (T3) and in phase II completion (T4). Differences among the cephalometric variables were statistically analyzed (Bonferroni variance and multiple comparisons). RESULTS: From T1 to T4, 42% of overall maxillary growth was observed between T1 and T2 (P < 0.01), 40.3% between T2 and T3 (P < 0.05) and 17.7% between T3 and T4 (n.s.). As for overall mandibular movement, 48.2% was observed between T1 and T2 (P < 0.001) and 51.8% between T2 and T4 (P < 0.01) of which 15.1% was observed between T2 and T3 (n.s.) and 36.7% between T3 and T4 (P < 0.01). Class II molar relationship and overjet were properly corrected. The occlusal plane which rotated clockwise between T1 and T2, returned to its initial position between T2 and T3 remaining stable until T4. The mandibular plane inclination did not change at any time during treatment. CONCLUSION: Mandibular growth was significantly greater in comparison to maxillary, allowing sagittal maxillomandibular adjustment. The dentoalveolar changes (upper molar) that overcorrected the malocclusion in phase I, partially recurred in phase II, but did not hinder correction of the malocclusion. Facial type was preserved.

scholarly journals Anterior open bite: cephalometric evaluation of the dental pattern

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana Sasso Stuani ◽  
Andréa Sasso Stuani ◽  
Maria Bernadete Sasso Stuani ◽  
Maria da Conceição Pereira Saraiva ◽  
Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Open Bite ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Dental Origin ◽  
Dental Pattern ◽  
Mandibular Incisors

The purpose of this study was to compare the dental pattern of patients with anterior open bite malocclusion to that of individuals with normal overbite by utilization of lateral cephalograms, panoramic radiographs and study casts. The findings showed that there was no significant difference in the inclination of the occlusal plane (SN.PlO) and position of the maxillary and mandibular incisors (1-NA, 1-NB) between both groups of individuals; but the angles of inclination of the maxillary and mandibular incisors (1.1, 1.NA and 1.NB) differed statistically between patients with anterior open bite of the individuals that presented normal overbite, which suggests that the anterior open bite may be of dental origin.

scholarly journals Maxillomandibular Plane Angle Bisector (MM) Adjunctive to Occlusal Plane to evaluate Anteroposterior Measurement of Dental Base

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-544
Author(s):  
Chanamallappa R Ganiger ◽  
KU Cariappa ◽  
AR Yusuf Ahammed
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Clinical Usefulness ◽  
Occlusal Plane ◽  
Reference Plane ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
B Values ◽  
Angle Bisector ◽  
Lateral Cephalograms ◽  
Relationship Of

ABSTRACT Aim This study was undertaken to analyze the clinical usefulness of the maxillomandibular bisector, its reproducibility, its validity and its relationship to the functional occlusal plane, the bisecting occlusal plane and the nature of its cant. Materials and methods Thirty pretreatment lateral cephalograms, each of adolescents (above 18 years of age) and children (10- 12 years), seeking orthodontic treatment were randomly selected and the Wits technique of anteroposterior measurement was used to compare A-B values measured to the new plane with those measured to the functional occlusal plane (FOP) and to the traditional or bisecting occlusal plane (BOP). Results Present study showed that MM bisector plane is more reproducible and valid reference plane, than the FOP and BOP. Conclusion A new plane, geometrically derived from the dental base planes, has been tested as an occlusal plane substitute for the measurement of anteroposterior jaw relationships. It lies close to but at an angle and inferior to the traditional occlusal planes and is highly reproducible at all times. Clinical significance Maxillomandibular planes angle bisector may be a useful adjunct for the cephalometric assessment of sagittal relationship of the patient. How to cite this article Ganiger CR, Nayak USK, Cariappa KU, Ahammed ARY. Maxillomandibular Plane Angle Bisector (MM) Adjunctive to Occlusal Plane to evaluate Anteroposterior Measurement of Dental Base. J Contemp Dent Pract 2012; 13(4):539-544.

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