CORRELATION BETWEEN VISUAL PROSTATE SYMPTOM SCORE & INTERNATIONAL PROSTATE SYMPTOM SCORE IN EVALUATION OF MEN WITH BPH: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY FROM AN NORTH EAST INDIAN POPULATION

Introduction: The international prostate symptom score (IPSS) is widely used to assess the severity of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), but is very complicated & difficult to comprehend. Visual Prostate Symptom Score (VPSS) was introduced to overcome the drawbacks of the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS). Materials & Methods: This was a prospectively designed study conducted at Regional Institute of Medical Sciences, Imphal. A total of 200 patients who presented to the urology outpatient department with LUTS due to BPH were enrolled in the study. All patients were given both questionnaires. The correlation test was used to assess the correlation between two symptom scores and various parameters. Observations with a P value < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Of 200 patients, 61% of them were above the age of 60 years; mean ± standard deviation age was 62.72 ± 9.11 (range 48– 84 years). Total time taken to complete IPSS & VPSS were 589.30 ± 190.74 sec & 175.35± 62.59 sec respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of patients requiring assistance to fill the questionnaires according to their education level. There was a positive correlation between IPSS total score and VPSS total score (r = 0.54; P < 0.001), IPSS Qol versus VPSS Qol (r = 0.53; P < 0.001). A negative correlation was observed between total VPSS and Qmax (r= -0.719; P < 0.001), total IPSS and Qmax (r= -0.654; P < 0.001). All VPSS questions showed statistically significant correlation with the corresponding IPSS questions. Conclusion: VPSS can be used as a better alternative to IPSS which is easier, more compliant, takes lesser time and even can be understood by a less educated person.

Download Full-text

Validity and Reliability of Persian Version of International Prostate Symptom Score

Galen Medical Journal ◽

10.31661/gmj.v2i1.35 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 18-21

Author(s):

Ali Panahi ◽

Reza Bidaki ◽

Darab Mehraban ◽

Omid Rezahosseini

Keyword(s):

Symptom Score ◽

Internal Consistency ◽

International Prostate Symptom Score ◽

Iranian Population ◽

P Value ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Persian Version ◽

Significant Difference ◽

English Translations ◽

The Difference

Background: In order to use International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) in the Iranian population, a valid and reliable Persian version of this questionnaire is required. To date, this version of IPSS with those characteristics is not available.Material and Methods: For evaluation of the validity, the original version of IPSS (English version) was translated into Persian and after 3 weeks was re-translated from Persian to English. The new English form was then compared with the original English IPSS form. Internal consistency was calculated. For measurement of reliability, the Persian version of IPSS was used to interview 50 patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). The difference between results was analyzed with a 3 week interval.Results: There was no significant difference between English translations and internal consistency was 0.7 using Cronbach’s α test. Test-retest reliability was assessed and showed no significant difference between the scores before and after 3 weeks (P value= 0.9).Conclusion: Persian version of IPSS was proved to be valid and reliable and can be used as a symptom-based questionnaire for BPH in Iranian population.

Download Full-text

Reliability and validity of the Mizo-version of neck disability index for non-specific neck pain in the rural North-East Indian population

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20195929 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 317

Author(s):

Andrew Lalchhuanawma ◽

Divya Sanghi

Keyword(s):

Neck Pain ◽

Correlation Coefficient ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Neck Disability Index ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

East Indian ◽

North East ◽

Study Results ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Neck Disability

Background: The Neck Disability Index (NDI) is an important self-assessment tool used extensively worldwide, in clinical practice with implications into scientific research fields. It is used to assess the extent of pain and levels of functional disability associated with neck pain. The NDI consists of 10 items where each item was scored from a scale of 0 to 5 giving the maximum score possible to 50. Though proven to be a reliable instrument in the English-speaking population, the NDI has never been validated and culturally adapted in the Mizo language among the rural north-east Indian region where English is not spoken as means of communication. The aim is to translate and cross culturally adapt the NDI into Mizo tawng (official language of Mizoram) with the objective of establishing reliability and validity of the M-NDI in patients with non-specific neck pain.Methods: A total of 49 subjects participated voluntarily from the rural primary health care, Lunglei district, Mizoram. Subject having chronic non-specific neck pain lasting more than 3 months were included after taking a written formal consent.Results: The internal consistency determined by Cronbach alpha, and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) using the test-retest reliability showed a good and an excellent reliability respectively (α=0.82, ICC=0.97, 95% CI= 0.95-0.98). Construct validity was determined between the variables-Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) and NDI by Pearson’s correlation coefficient and found to have a good correlation r=0.89 and significant difference at p<0.001.Conclusions: The study results concluded the Mizo version of NDI to be easy to understand, reliable and valid instrument for measuring disability and functional limitations of daily activities in non-specific neck pain in the Mizo speaking population.

Download Full-text

Hyponatremia With Intravenous Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim in Children

Annals of Pharmacotherapy ◽

10.1177/1060028019887919 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 351-358 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katy Stephens ◽

Jamie L. Miller ◽

Teresa V. Lewis ◽

Stephen Neely ◽

Peter N. Johnson

Keyword(s):

Cumulative Dose ◽

Serum Sodium ◽

A Priori ◽

Sodium Concentration ◽

Primary Objective ◽

P Value ◽

Number Of Children ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dose Number

Background: Intravenous (IV) sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SMX/TMP) has been associated with hyponatremia in adults. Objective: The primary objective was to identify the number of patients with a serum sodium <135 mEq/L. Secondary objectives between the hyponatremic versus nonhyponatremic groups included demographic comparisons, median serum sodium concentrations, SMX/TMP cumulative dose, number of diuretics, and other medications causing hyponatremia. Methods: This was a retrospective study of children <18 years receiving IV SMP/TMX. Comparisons were conducted via Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon and Mantel-Haenszel χ2 tests with an a priori P value <0.05. Results: Sixty-one patients received 66 total courses; 20 courses (30.3%) were associated with hyponatremia with a decrease in the median nadir serum sodium concentration of 133 and 138 mEq/L in the hyponatremic and nonhyponatremic groups, respectively ( P<0.001). The median age (interquartile range) was lower in the hyponatremic versus nonhyponatremic group, but this was not statistically significant: 0.6 (0.1-5.5) versus 3.9 (0.3-11.0) years; P=0.077. There was no significant difference in the median cumulative dose (mg/kg) between groups; P=0.104. In addition, there was a significant difference in the number of children in the hyponatremic versus nonhyponatremic groups receiving diuretics (16 [80.0%] vs 23 [50.0%], P=0.023) and other medications that cause hyponatremia (7 [35.0%] vs 5 [10.9%], P=0.034), respectively. Furosemide was noted to be the medication most associated with hyponatremia. Conclusion and Relevance: Approximately one-third administered IV SMX/TMP developed hyponatremia. Concomitant furosemide administration was one of the most common risk factors. Clinicians should be aware of this potential adverse event when initiating IV SMX/TMP in children.

Download Full-text

The Use of Tranexamic Acid in Total Ankle Arthroplasty

Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics ◽

10.1177/2473011419s00283 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 2473011419S0028

Author(s):

Laura Luick ◽

Vytas Ringus ◽

Garrett Steinmetz ◽

Spencer Falcon ◽

Shaun Tkach ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Transfusion ◽

Blood Loss ◽

Tranexamic Acid ◽

Total Ankle Arthroplasty ◽

Wound Complications ◽

P Value ◽

Ankle Arthroplasty ◽

Estimated Blood Loss ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Significant Difference

Category: Ankle Arthritis Introduction/Purpose: The number of total ankle arthroplasties (TAA) is on the rise. Complications associated with TAA include need for blood transfusion, deep vein thrombosis, hematoma, infection, and wound complications. Tranexamic acid (TXA) use in the total knee and total hip population has been found to decrease the rate of blood transfusion. The rate of infections and blood transfusions in TAA was reported to be 3.2% and 1.3%, respectively. In calcaneal fractures TXA was found to decrease wound complications. Our goal was to evaluate the use of TXA in the TAA population to see if its use decreases blood loss or wound complications. Methods: This is a retrospective review of two patient cohorts operated on by a single surgeon from 2010 to 2016. We compared a group of TAA patients that did not receive TXA versus a subsequent group that received TXA. Patients received 1 g IV TXA before tourniquet was inflated and another 1 g following the release of the tourniquet. Pre-operative hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were compared to postoperative levels. Post-operative complications were compared between the two groups. Results: 87 patients were included in the study. 35 patients (40%) received TXA. In patients that received TXA, 18 had postoperative hemoglobin levels available. These patients were compared to a control cohort of 52 patients that did not receive TXA. No significant difference existed between the two groups in gender or age (p=0.9; p=0.7 respectively). Mean estimated blood loss was the same between the two groups. Overall postoperative complications, including wound complications, were higher in the TXA group at 26% vs 12% but this was not statistically significant (p-value = 0.086). The preoperative to postoperative change in hemoglobin/hematocrit levels was not statistically significant between groups (p-value = 0.78). There was one transfusion required in the non-TXA group and no transfusions required in the TXA group (p=0.9). Conclusion: The use of TXA was not found to provide a beneficial effect in total ankle arthroplasty in either decreasing wound complications or blood loss. Given these results, TXA use might not be cost effective in total ankle arthroplasty as opposed to other total joint arthroplasties. Further higher levels studies with increased number of patients are required to further evaluate TXA effectiveness in TAA.

Download Full-text

Testing the Cow’s Milk-Related Symptom Score (CoMiSSTM) for the Response to a Cow’s Milk-Free Diet in Infants: A Prospective Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11102402 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2402 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Silvia Salvatore ◽

Elisabetta Bertoni ◽

Federica Bogni ◽

Valentina Bonaita ◽

Chiara Armano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Symptom Score ◽

Immunoglobulin E ◽

Gastrointestinal Symptoms ◽

Cow’S Milk ◽

P Value ◽

Cow's Milk ◽

Related Symptom ◽

Receiver Operation Characteristic ◽

Ige Mediated ◽

A Prospective Study

The diagnosis of cow’s milk allergy (CMA) is particularly challenging in infants, especially with non-Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated manifestations, and inaccurate diagnosis may lead to unnecessary dietary restrictions. The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy of the cow’s milk-related symptom score (CoMiSSTM) in response to a cow’s milk-free diet (CMFD). We prospectively recruited 47 infants (median age three months) who had been placed on a CMFD due to persisting unexplained gastrointestinal symptoms. We compared data with 94 healthy controls (median age three months). The CoMiSSTM score was completed at recruitment and while on the exclusion diet. In 19/47 (40%) cases a response to the diet occurred. At recruitment CoMiSSTM was significantly higher in cases compared to controls (median score 8 vs. 3; p-value: <0.05), 9 cases had a score ≥12 and 8/9 normalized on CMFD. An oral milk challenge was performed in all 19 responders and six of these had a positive reaction to cow’s milk (CM). In eight infants IgE allergy tests were positive. The receiver operation characteristic (ROC) curve identified a CoMISSTM score of 9 to be the best cut-off value (84% sensitivity, 85% specificity, 80% positive (PPV) and 88% negative predictive value (NPV)) for the response to CMFD. We found CoMiSSTM to be a useful tool to help identify infants with persisting gastrointestinal symptoms and suspected CMA that would benefit from CMFD.

Download Full-text

Clinical Significance of Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion in Patients with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/jucms.v3i1.13248 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 6-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ghanshyam Sigdel ◽

WK Belokar

Keyword(s):

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Symptom Score ◽

Flow Rate ◽

International Prostate Symptom Score ◽

Prostate Volume ◽

Maximum Flow ◽

Prostatic Hyperplasia ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Residual Urine ◽

Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion

INTRODUCTION: Intravesical prostatic protrusion is a morphological change due to excessive growth of the median and lateral lobes of the prostate into the bladder in benign prostatic hyperplasia. It causes a 'ball-valve' type of obstruction during voiding. It is a useful parameter to assess the severity of the disease process, selection of treatment modality and its possible outcome in benign prostatic hyperplasia.MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective, non-randomized, observational study was carried out from January 2014 to June 2014 in the Department of Urology, College of Medical Sciences, Nepal. Total of 50 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia were evaluated to assess the correlation of intravesical prostatic protrusion with international prostate symptom score, prostate volume, maximum flow rate and post void residual urine. Correlation between parameters of interest was quantified with Pearson correlation test.RESULTS: A positive correlation was demonstrated between intravesical prostatic protrusion, international prostate symptom score, prostate volume and post void residual urine. There was a negative correlation between intravesical prostatic protrusion and maximum flow rate.CONCLUSION: Intravesical prostatic protrusion is correlated with international prostate symptom score, prostate volume, maximum flow rate, and post void residual urine volume and hence can be used to assess the severity of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences Vol. 3, No. 1, 2015: 6-10

Download Full-text

Influence of Physical Therapy Modalities on Pain in Osteoporosis Patients: initial results of the treatment with physical therapy

Macedonian Medical Review ◽

10.1515/mmr-2016-0004 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 19-23

Author(s):

Valentina Koevska ◽

Snezana Perchinkova-Mishevska ◽

Erieta Nikolik-Dimitrova ◽

Biljana Mitrevska

Keyword(s):

Physical Therapy ◽

Pain Intensity ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Chronic Back Pain ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Physical Therapy Modalities ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Therapeutic Exercises ◽

Significant Difference ◽

A Prospective Study

Abstract Introduction. Osteoporosis causes chronic back pain leading to restriction of functional capacity and quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of physical therapy modalities on pain in patients with osteoporosis. Methods. This is a prospective study of patients with osteoporosis, randomly chosen and followed for three months in the Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation (IPMR). Physical therapy consisted of physical modalities and therapeutic exercises. Physical therapy modalities included interferential currents and pulsed low-frequency electromagnetic field conducted each day with weekend breaks, 21 in total. Patients had therapeutic exercises 3 times a week during the entire follow-up period. Patients were assigned into two groups. The first group consisted of nine patients who underwent physical procedures and the second group consisted of nine patients who did not receive physical therapy modalities. Two check-ups were made on day 21 and at the end of the third month. Assessment of pain intensity was made by the use of a numeric pain rating scale. Results. No significant difference between the groups was observed regarding mean age of patients (p<0.21). The first check-up showed a significantly higher pain score in the second group of patients (p=0.0003). There was no significant difference in pain intensity between both groups of patients in the three-month period of investigation (p<0.63). Conclusion. Physical therapy modalities influence on pain in patients with osteoporosis. Our investigation included a small number of patients and hence further studies are necessary.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Different Metabolic Syndrome

American Journal of Men s Health ◽

10.1177/1557988316638654 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 158-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Orhan Ünal Zorba ◽

Hakkı Uzun ◽

Görkem Akça ◽

Selim Yazar

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Symptom Score ◽

Flow Rate ◽

International Prostate Symptom Score ◽

Prostate Volume ◽

Specific Antigen ◽

Urinary Flow Rate ◽

Urinary Flow ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Maximum Urinary Flow

Because various criteria are used to define metabolic syndrome (MetS), this study examines the most relevant definition for patients with benign prostatic enlargement (BPE). Most studies regarding the link between MetS and BPE/lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) have used the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III criteria for diagnosis, while a few have used criteria from the International Diabetes Federation and/or American Heart Association. Patients with LUTS due to BPE are classified as having MetS or not by the aforementioned three definitions. Prostate volume, International Prostate Symptom Score, storage and voiding subscores, maximum urinary flow rate, and the postvoid urine of patients with and without MetS were compared separately in the three different groups. Surgical and medical treatment prevalence was also compared between three groups. No matter which definition was used, the International Prostate Symptom Score, the storage and voiding symptom scores, prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen, and postvoid urine were significantly higher in the patients with MetS. The maximum urinary flow rate was similar between patients with and without MetS, according to all three different definitions. There was no significant difference in the aforementioned parameter between patients with MetS diagnosed with the three different definitions. Irrespective of which definition was used, the surgical treatment rate was not significantly different in patients diagnosed with than without MetS, or between the patients with MetS diagnosed with the three different definitions. The authors suggest that it does not matter which of the aforementioned three definitions is used during the evaluation of MetS in men with BPE/LUTS.

Download Full-text

Conventional incision and drainage versus incision and drainage with primary closure in acute abscess: a prospective study

International Surgery Journal ◽

10.18203/2349-2902.isj20175911 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 281

Author(s):

Amandeep Singh ◽

Gurdhian Singh ◽

Darsshan Singh Sidhu ◽

Mohit Bhalla

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Recurrence Rate ◽

Conventional Method ◽

Primary Closure ◽

The Body ◽

P Value ◽

Incision And Drainage ◽

Significant Difference ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: An abscess is a common surgical condition. Abscesses may occur anywhere in the body. Surgical treatment of subcutaneous and soft tissue abscesses includes percutaneous aspiration, incision and drainage without primary closure, incision and drainage with primary closure with drain. The present study was planned to compare conventional method of incision and drainage with incision and drainage with primary closure in cases of acute -abscesses.Methods: A total of 100 patients with acute abscesses were included in the study and randomized into 2 groups with 50 patients in each group. The present study was carried out to compare the conventional method of incision and drainage with incision and drainage with primary closure of the wounds in acute abscesses with regards to wound healing, post- operative pain, duration of hospital stays and recurrence rates.Results: Wound healing was significantly faster in incision and drainage with primary closure (9.18±0.941days) as compared to conventional method of incision and drainage (16.66±1.944 days) [p <0.05]. Mean hospital stay with convention method of incision and drainage was 7.12±0.718 days and with primary closure was 4.0±0.728days (p <0.05). Mean VAS was significantly less in primary closure as compared with conventional method. Decreasing trend in VAS was observed on day 3, day 5 and day 7 (p value 0.000). Recurrence rate of an abscess was seen in 5 cases in conventional method and 2 cases in primary closure (p >0.05).Conclusions: Author have observed a significant difference noted in time taken for wound healing, postoperative pain, hospital stay and recurrence rate between two groups.

Download Full-text

C-reactive protein/albumin ratio as a predictor of 28 day mortality in patients with sepsis

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20200225 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 503

Author(s):

Hamsa B. T. ◽

Srinivasa S. V. ◽

Raveesha A.

Keyword(s):

Inotropic Support ◽

Secondary Outcome ◽

P Value ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Albumin Ratio ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Life Threatening ◽

Sepsis And Septic Shock ◽

A Prospective Study

Background: Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Sepsis remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Important biomarkers that can be used as prognostic markers in sepsis are C Reactive Protein (CRP) and serum Albumin levels. CRP levels markedly elevate in response to infection whereas albumin levels decrease in response to acute phase infection. We want to ascertain the value of CRP/albumin ratio as an independent predictor of 28-day mortality in sepsis patients.Methods: A prospective study was conducted including 150 patients satisfying the criteria for sepsis according to SOFA score of more than 2. Initial CRP/Albumin ratio was assessed to determine its significance in assessing the 28-day mortality, primary end point of our study. Secondary end points assessed were length of ICU stay, need for inotropic support, need for ventilator support and renal replacement therapy.Results: In the analysis of CRP/Albumin ratio as a predictor of 28-day mortality, patients were followed up from day of admission till 28 days to assess primary outcome. Among study subjects survivors were 92 in whom mean CRP/ALB ratio was 0.1197 and non survivors were 58 patients with mean CRP/ALB ratio was 0.0426. p-value <0.001, there was statistically significant difference found between survivor and Non-Survivor with respect to CRP/Albumin ratio. In assessing secondary outcome statistically significant association was found for need for ventilator and inotropic support, whereas it was insignificant in assessing need for dialysis and length of ICU stay.Conclusions: CRP/albumin ratio, which indicates the extent of residual inflammation, could be used as a prognostic marker in predicting mortality in patients with sepsis and septic shock.

Download Full-text