scholarly journals Data-Driven Single Image Deraining: A Comprehensive Review and New Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Yanyan Wei ◽  
Haijun Zhang ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Shuicheng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Single Image ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Real Scenario ◽  
High Level

<div>Abstract—Due to the powerful fitting ability of neural networks and massive training data, data-driven Single Image Deraining (SID) methods have obtained significant performance, and most of the existing studies focus on improving the deraining performance by proposing different kinds of deraining networks. However, the generalization ability of current SID methods may still be limited in the real scenario, and the deraining results also cannot effectively improve the performance of subsequent high-level tasks (such as object detection). The main reason may be because the current works mainly focus on designing new deraining neural networks, while neglecting the interpretation of the solving process. To investigate these issues, we in this paper re-examine the three important factors (i.e.,data, rain model and network architecture) for the SID task, and specifically analyze them by proposing new and more reasonable criteria (i.e., general vs. specific, synthetical vs. mathematical, black-box vs. white-box). We will also study the relationship of the three factors from new perspectives of data, and reveal two different solving paradigms (explicit vs. implicit) for the SID task. Besides, we also profoundly studied one of the three factors, i.e., data, and measured the performance of current methods on different datasets via extensive experiments to reveal the effectiveness of SID data. Finally, with the above comprehensive review and in-depth analysis, we also draw some valuable conclusions and suggestions for future research.</div>

scholarly journals Data-Driven Single Image Deraining: A Comprehensive Review and New Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Yanyan Wei ◽  
Haijun Zhang ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Shuicheng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Single Image ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Real Scenario ◽  
High Level

<div>Abstract—Due to the powerful fitting ability of neural networks and massive training data, data-driven Single Image Deraining (SID) methods have obtained significant performance, and most of the existing studies focus on improving the deraining performance by proposing different kinds of deraining networks. However, the generalization ability of current SID methods may still be limited in the real scenario, and the deraining results also cannot effectively improve the performance of subsequent high-level tasks (such as object detection). The main reason may be because the current works mainly focus on designing new deraining neural networks, while neglecting the interpretation of the solving process. To investigate these issues, we in this paper re-examine the three important factors (i.e.,data, rain model and network architecture) for the SID task, and specifically analyze them by proposing new and more reasonable criteria (i.e., general vs. specific, synthetical vs. mathematical, black-box vs. white-box). We will also study the relationship of the three factors from new perspectives of data, and reveal two different solving paradigms (explicit vs. implicit) for the SID task. Besides, we also profoundly studied one of the three factors, i.e., data, and measured the performance of current methods on different datasets via extensive experiments to reveal the effectiveness of SID data. Finally, with the above comprehensive review and in-depth analysis, we also draw some valuable conclusions and suggestions for future research.</div>

scholarly journals Data-Driven Single Image Deraining: A Comprehensive Review and New Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Yanyan Wei ◽  
Haijun Zhang ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Shuicheng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Single Image ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Real Scenario ◽  
High Level

<div>Abstract—Due to the powerful fitting ability of neural networks and massive training data, data-driven Single Image Deraining (SID) methods have obtained significant performance, and most of the existing studies focus on improving the deraining performance by proposing different kinds of deraining networks. However, the generalization ability of current SID methods may still be limited in the real scenario, and the deraining results also cannot effectively improve the performance of subsequent high-level tasks (such as object detection). The main reason may be because the current works mainly focus on designing new deraining neural networks, while neglecting the interpretation of the solving process. To investigate these issues, we in this paper re-examine the three important factors (i.e.,data, rain model and network architecture) for the SID task, and specifically analyze them by proposing new and more reasonable criteria (i.e., general vs. specific, synthetical vs. mathematical, black-box vs. white-box). We will also study the relationship of the three factors from new perspectives of data, and reveal two different solving paradigms (explicit vs. implicit) for the SID task. Besides, we also profoundly studied one of the three factors, i.e., data, and measured the performance of current methods on different datasets via extensive experiments to reveal the effectiveness of SID data. Finally, with the above comprehensive review and in-depth analysis, we also draw some valuable conclusions and suggestions for future research.</div>

scholarly journals Data-Driven Single Image Deraining: A Comprehensive Review and New Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhao Zhang ◽  
Yanyan Wei ◽  
Haijun Zhang ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Shuicheng Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Single Image ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Real Scenario ◽  
High Level

<div>Abstract—Due to the powerful fitting ability of neural networks and massive training data, data-driven Single Image Deraining (SID) methods have obtained significant performance, and most of the existing studies focus on improving the deraining performance by proposing different kinds of deraining networks. However, the generalization ability of current SID methods may still be limited in the real scenario, and the deraining results also cannot effectively improve the performance of subsequent high-level tasks (such as object detection). The main reason may be because the current works mainly focus on designing new deraining neural networks, while neglecting the interpretation of the solving process. To investigate these issues, we in this paper re-examine the three important factors (i.e.,data, rain model and network architecture) for the SID task, and specifically analyze them by proposing new and more reasonable criteria (i.e., general vs. specific, synthetical vs. mathematical, black-box vs. white-box). We will also study the relationship of the three factors from new perspectives of data, and reveal two different solving paradigms (explicit vs. implicit) for the SID task. Besides, we also profoundly studied one of the three factors, i.e., data, and measured the performance of current methods on different datasets via extensive experiments to reveal the effectiveness of SID data. Finally, with the above comprehensive review and in-depth analysis, we also draw some valuable conclusions and suggestions for future research.</div>

Prediction Models for Truck Accidents at Freeway Ramps in Washington State Using Regression and Artificial Intelligence Techniques

1998 ◽  
Vol 1635 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael H. Awad ◽  
Bruce N. Janson
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Washington State ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Training Process ◽  
Truck Accidents ◽  
High Level

Three different modeling approaches were applied to explain truck accidents at interchanges in Washington State during a 27-month period. Three models were developed for each ramp type including linear regression, neural networks, and a hybrid system using fuzzy logic and neural networks. The study showed that linear regression was able to predict accident frequencies that fell within one standard deviation from the overall mean of the dependent variable. However, the coefficient of determination was very low in all cases. The other two artificial intelligence (AI) approaches showed a high level of performance in identifying different patterns of accidents in the training data and presented a better fit when compared to the regression model. However, the ability of these AI models to predict test data that were not included in the training process showed unsatisfactory results.

FORECASTING FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATES WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS: A REVIEW

2004 ◽  
Vol 03 (01) ◽  
pp. 145-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEI HUANG ◽  
K. K. LAI ◽  
Y. NAKAMORI ◽  
SHOUYANG WANG
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Artificial Neural Networks ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Input Variables

Forecasting exchange rates is an important financial problem that is receiving increasing attention especially because of its difficulty and practical applications. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) have been widely used as a promising alternative approach for a forecasting task because of several distinguished features. Research efforts on ANNs for forecasting exchange rates are considerable. In this paper, we attempt to provide a survey of research in this area. Several design factors significantly impact the accuracy of neural network forecasts. These factors include the selection of input variables, preparing data, and network architecture. There is no consensus about the factors. In different cases, various decisions have their own effectiveness. We also describe the integration of ANNs with other methods and report the comparison between performances of ANNs and those of other forecasting methods, and finding mixed results. Finally, the future research directions in this area are discussed.

scholarly journals Graph Neural Networks: Taxonomy, Advances, and Trends

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-54
Author(s):  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Haixia Zheng ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
Shufeng Hao ◽  
Dengao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Real World ◽  
Research Community ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Graph Neural Networks ◽  
Low Dimensional

Graph neural networks provide a powerful toolkit for embedding real-world graphs into low-dimensional spaces according to specific tasks. Up to now, there have been several surveys on this topic. However, they usually lay emphasis on different angles so that the readers cannot see a panorama of the graph neural networks. This survey aims to overcome this limitation and provide a systematic and comprehensive review on the graph neural networks. First of all, we provide a novel taxonomy for the graph neural networks, and then refer to up to 327 relevant literatures to show the panorama of the graph neural networks. All of them are classified into the corresponding categories. In order to drive the graph neural networks into a new stage, we summarize four future research directions so as to overcome the challenges faced. It is expected that more and more scholars can understand and exploit the graph neural networks and use them in their research community.

scholarly journals Physics-Driven Regularization of Deep Neural Networks for Enhanced Engineering Design and Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amin Nabian ◽  
Hadi Meidani
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Engineering Design ◽  
Physical System ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Training Approach ◽  
Domain Expertise ◽  
Generalization Errors

Abstract In this paper, we introduce a physics-driven regularization method for training of deep neural networks (DNNs) for use in engineering design and analysis problems. In particular, we focus on the prediction of a physical system, for which in addition to training data, partial or complete information on a set of governing laws is also available. These laws often appear in the form of differential equations, derived from first principles, empirically validated laws, or domain expertise, and are usually neglected in a data-driven prediction of engineering systems. We propose a training approach that utilizes the known governing laws and regularizes data-driven DNN models by penalizing divergence from those laws. The first two numerical examples are synthetic examples, where we show that in constructing a DNN model that best fits the measurements from a physical system, the use of our proposed regularization results in DNNs that are more interpretable with smaller generalization errors, compared with other common regularization methods. The last two examples concern metamodeling for a random Burgers’ system and for aerodynamic analysis of passenger vehicles, where we demonstrate that the proposed regularization provides superior generalization accuracy compared with other common alternatives.

scholarly journals FORECAST OF USING NEURAL NETWORKS IN THE TOURISM SECTOR

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 218-223
Author(s):  
Miroslav Karahuta ◽  
Peter Gallo ◽  
Daniela Matušíková ◽  
Anna Ĺ enková ◽  
Kristína Šambronská
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Management Decision ◽  
Hotel Management ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Scientific Principles ◽  
Management Decision Making ◽  
High Level

The paper addresses the issue of management decision-making using artificial neural networks and their application in hotel management. Today, the development of tourism is of great importance and plays a very important role in the development of national economy. Balanced ranking and prediction model using financial and non-financial indicators with the application of artificial intelligence, allows us to reach a high level of effectivity and accuracy in evaluation of the financial and non-financial health of companies operating in this segment. This approach improves the manager’s ability to understand complex contexts and make better decisions for further development. It also brings new managerial and scientific point of view of an in-depth analysis of the performance of these facilities. It can help the development of tourism in terms of the application of modern management techniques built on scientific principles and thereby better integrate science and practice.

scholarly journals Interpretable, Data-Efficient and Verifiable Autonomy with High-Level Knowledge

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Xu
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Neural Networks ◽  
Deep Neural Networks ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Data Driven ◽  
Knowledge Representations ◽  
Limited Availability ◽  
High Level ◽  
Level Performance

<p>Despite the fact that artificial intelligence boosted with data-driven methods (e.g., deep neural networks) has surpassed human-level performance in various tasks, its application to autonomous</p> <p>systems still faces fundamental challenges such as lack of interpretability, intensive need for data and lack of verifiability. In this overview paper, I overview some attempts to address these fundamental challenges by explaining, guiding and verifying autonomous systems, taking into account limited availability of simulated and real data, the expressivity of high-level</p> <p>knowledge representations and the uncertainties of the underlying model. Specifically, this paper covers learning high-level knowledge from data for interpretable autonomous systems,</p><p>guiding autonomous systems with high-level knowledge, and</p><p>verifying and controlling autonomous systems against high-level specifications.</p>

Diagnosis of Brain Tumor Using Nano Segmentation and Advanced-Convolutional Neural Networks Classification

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2907-2917
Author(s):  
P. V. Deepa ◽  
S. Joseph Jawhar ◽  
J. Merry Geisa
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Brain Tumours ◽  
Malignant Tumour ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Correct Identification ◽  
Imaging Model ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Percent Accuracy ◽  
High Level

The field of nanotechnology has lately acquired prominence according to the raised level of correct identification and performance in the patients using Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD). Nano-scale imaging model enables for a high level of precision and accuracy in determining if a brain tumour is malignant or benign. This contributes to people with brain tumours having a better standard of living. In this study, We present a revolutionary Semantic nano-segmentation methodology for the nanoscale classification of brain tumours. The suggested Advanced-Convolutional Neural Networks-based Semantic Nano-segmentation will aid radiologists in detecting brain tumours even when lesions are minor. ResNet-50 was employed in the suggested Advanced-Convolutional Neural Networks (A-CNN) approach. The tumour image is partitioned using Semantic Nano-segmentation, that has averaged dice and SSIM values of 0.9704 and 0.2133, correspondingly. The input is a nano-image, and the tumour image is segmented using Semantic Nano-segmentation, which has averaged dice and SSIM values of 0.9704 and 0.2133, respectively. The suggested Semantic nano segments achieves 93.2 percent and 92.7 percent accuracy for benign and malignant tumour pictures, correspondingly. For malignant or benign pictures, The accuracy of the A-CNN methodology of correct segmentation is 99.57 percent and 95.7 percent, respectively. This unique nano-method is designed to detect tumour areas in nanometers (nm) and hence accurately assess the illness. The suggested technique’s closeness to with regard to True Positive values, the ROC curve implies that it outperforms earlier approaches. A comparison analysis is conducted on ResNet-50 using testing and training data at rates of 90%–10%, 80%–20%, and 70%–30%, corresponding, indicating the utility of the suggested work.

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