scholarly journals Studi Perbandingan Perusahaan Perseorangan (Sole Proprietorship) Dan Koperasi (Cooperative) Pada Negara Laos & Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Rahmat Heriawan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Corporate Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Sole Proprietorship ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
Sources Of Capital ◽  
Made In

This study focused to conduct a comparative study of the legal form about individual company (Sole Proprietorship) and a Cooperative. This research using Normative legal research to examine legal rules related to corporate law in a country. The legal form of an individual company (sole proprietorship) is contained in the Laos "Enterprise Law" which was amended in 2013. Meanwhile, the cooperative in Laos is based on the "Enterprise Law", but the implementing regulations are subject to the "Decree On Cooperative" provisions, was made in 2009. The legal form of an individual company (sole proprietorship) in Indonesia is in Law No.3 of 1982, while cooperatives are contained in Law No.17 of 2017 concerning Cooperatives. The result of the research is that there are some fairly basic differences between individual companies (Sole Proprietorship) and Cooperative in Indonesia and Laos. This research have several comparative indicators can include the legal basis, company business activities, sources of capital, profits, losses, tax systems, and financing systems.

scholarly journals Studi Perbandingan Perusahaan Perseorangan (Sole Proprietorship) Dan Koperasi (Cooperative) Pada Negara Laos & Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andi Rahmat Heriawan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Corporate Law ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Legal Form ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Sole Proprietorship ◽  
Tax Systems ◽  
Sources Of Capital ◽  
Made In

This study focused to conduct a comparative study of the legal form about individual company (Sole Proprietorship) and a Cooperative. This research using Normative legal research to examine legal rules related to corporate law in a country. The legal form of an individual company (sole proprietorship) is contained in the Laos "Enterprise Law" which was amended in 2013. Meanwhile, the cooperative in Laos is based on the "Enterprise Law", but the implementing regulations are subject to the "Decree On Cooperative" provisions, was made in 2009. The legal form of an individual company (sole proprietorship) in Indonesia is in Law No.3 of 1982, while cooperatives are contained in Law No.17 of 2017 concerning Cooperatives. The result of the research is that there are some fairly basic differences between individual companies (Sole Proprietorship) and Cooperative in Indonesia and Laos. This research have several comparative indicators can include the legal basis, company business activities, sources of capital, profits, losses, tax systems, and financing systems.

On white marble half-lotus meditation statues carved in Wuding Era of the Eastern Wei Dynasty

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-194
Author(s):  
Hyun-Sook So
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Metropolitan Museum ◽  
White Marble ◽  
City Area ◽  
Metropolitan Museum Of Art ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Made In ◽  
Wei Dynasty

Abstract In 2012, large amounts of white marble Buddhist statues of the Eastern Wei and Northern Qi Dynasties were unearthed from the Buddhist sculpture hoard at Bei Wuzhuang in Ye City Site. This paper makes a comparative study on a bodhisattva statue in meditation seated in half-lotus posture (resting right ankle on the knee of pendent left leg and holding right hand upward) among them and another sculpture of the same type and made in the same period unearthed at the Xiude Monastery site in Dingzhou; from the double-tree, stupa and coiling dragon designs shown by them, this paper explores the commonalities and differences of the Buddhist arts in these two areas. Moreover, this paper reveals that this motif emerged earlier in the Ye City area than in the Dingzhou area, and diffused to the latter after it became popular in the Ye City area. By these conclusions, this paper infers that the white marble meditating statue seated in half-lotus position with the date of the second year of Wuding Era (544 CE) in the collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, USA was produced in Ye City area.

The Invisible Networks of Global Production: Re-Imagining the Global Value Chain in Legal Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-117
Author(s):  
Anna Beckers
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Global Value Chain ◽  
Commodity Chain ◽  
Production Network ◽  
Production Networks ◽  
Global Production Networks ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Global Production Network

AbstractReviewing the burgeoning legal scholarship on global value chains to delineate the legal image of the global value chain and then comparing this legal image with images on global production in neighbouring social sciences research, in particular the Global Commodity Chain/Global Value Chain and the Global Production Network approach, this article reveals that legal research strongly aligns with the value chain image, but takes less account of the production-centric network image. The article then outlines a research agenda for legal research that departs from a network perspective on global production. To that end, it proposes that re-imagining the law in a world of global production networks requires a focus in legal research on the legal construction of global production and its infrastructure and a stronger contextualization of governance obligations and liability rules in the light of the issue-specific legal rules that apply to said infrastructure.

scholarly journals CODIFICATION, CONSOLIDATION, RESTATEMENT? HOW BEST TO SYSTEMISE THE MODERN LAW OF TORT

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-305
Author(s):  
Paula Giliker
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Tort Law ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Legal Scholarship ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
The Law ◽  
Codal Provisions ◽  
Code Civil

AbstractThe law of tort (or extra or non-contractual liability) has been criticised for being imprecise and lacking coherence. Legal systems have sought to systemise its rules in a number of ways. While civil law systems generally place tort law in a civil code, common law systems have favoured case-law development supported by limited statutory intervention consolidating existing legal rules. In both systems, case law plays a significant role in maintaining the flexibility and adaptability of the law. This article will examine, comparatively, different means of systemising the law of tort, contrasting civil law codification (taking the example of recent French proposals to update the tort provisions of the Code civil) with common law statutory consolidation and case-law intervention (using examples taken from English and Australian law). In examining the degree to which these formal means of systemisation are capable of improving the accessibility, intelligibility, clarity and predictability of the law of tort, it will also address the role played by informal sources, be they ambitious restatements of law or other means. It will be argued that given the nature of tort law, at best, any form of systemisation (be it formal or informal) can only seek to minimise any lack of precision and coherence. However, as this comparative study shows, further steps are needed, both in updating outdated codal provisions and rethinking the type of legal scholarship that might best assist the courts.

scholarly journals A comparative study of Pleurosigma subrectum and P. acus (Bacillariophyta)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 207 (3) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
FRITHJOF A.S. STERRENBURG ◽  
STUART R. STIDOLPH ◽  
EUGENIA A. SAR ◽  
Ines Sunesen
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Diatom Species ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Sem Investigation ◽  
Made In

In continuation of an earlier paper on Pleurosigma species with an (almost) non-sigmoid valve and raphe sternum, a comparative study was made in LM and SEM of Pleurosigma subrectum and P. acus. For P. subrectum, slides and a subsample of the type material were examined. For P. acus no unmounted material permitting SEM investigation is extant; a sample containing specimens fully matching the type in LM was therefore used as epitype material for SEM. The original data on striation of P. acus are emended. No morphological differences indicating separate specific status of these two taxa were observed and P. acus is therefore here designated a heterotypic synonym of P. subrectum. From the data now available, this is a very widely distributed species. The study demonstrates the indispensable role of collections for investigations on the diversity and distribution of diatom species.

A comparative study of teleconsultations versus face-to-face consultations

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 257-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
E J Nordal ◽  
D Moseng ◽  
B Kvammen ◽  
M-L Løchen
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Complete Agreement ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Doctor Patient Relationship ◽  
Partial Agreement ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Made In

We compared the diagnoses made by one dermatologist via telemedicine with those of another dermatologist made in a face-to-face consultation. The patients first underwent a teledermatology consultation and then a face-to-face consultation. A general practitioner was present with the patient in the videoconference studio. Videoconferencing equipment connected at 384 kbit/s was used. The doctor-patient relationship and the satisfaction of the patients and dermatologists in the two settings were assessed, as well as technical conditions during the videoconferences. There were 121 patients, with a mean age of 40 years (range 17-82 years). There was a high degree of concordance between the two sets of diagnoses, with 72% complete agreement and 14% partial agreement between the two dermatologists. A total of 116 patients (96% of those included) completed a questionnaire. Both the patients and the dermatologists were in general satisfied with the videoconferences. Videoconferencing with a participating general practitioner may be useful in dermatology, but the technique should be used only for selected patients.

Comparative study of some applications made in the Vue.js and React.js frameworks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cornelia Mihaela Novac ◽  
Ovidiu Constantin Novac ◽  
Raluca Marina Sferle ◽  
Mircea Ioan Gordan ◽  
Gyongyi Bujdoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Made In

scholarly journals Addressing Poverty in Sudan and Malaysia: A Story of Success and Constraints

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Hillo Abdelatti ◽  
Yasin Elhadary ◽  
Narimah Samat
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Desk Review ◽  
Made In

Sudan and Malaysia have shown some socio-economic similarities especially when it comes to the issue of addressing poverty. After independence, almost half of the entire population of both countries were living under poverty line. The successive national governments in both countries have embarked on eliminating the extreme poverty. The aim of this paper is to highlight the policies and programmes adopted and implemented by policymakers in both countries in addressing poverty. The overall objective is to uncover the secret of the success and constraints faced both countries in addressing poverty. To achieve such objective, the paper based mainly on a desk review of recent documents and review of some recent researches' result. The paper has come out with that the similarities between both countries manifested itself in that both are classified as Muslim countries, have an agricultural background, inherited the same legacy as been colonized by British, their communities consist of various ethnic groups and minorities with sharp spatial and ethnic inequalities in income and social class. Despite these, Malaysia has succeeded in reducing poverty from over fifty 52.4% in 1970 to around one per cent 1.2 % in 2015, while less progress has been made in side of Sudan. Moreover, unlike Sudan, Malaysia has managed to achieve the MDGs goals in halving a head before the time determined, while Sudan has long way and it seems impossible to fulfil such objective even after 2015. Our findings have shown that, formulated home-grown policies, rejecting imposed policies by international institutions (World Bank), availability and accessibility of up to date poverty data, ability to implement policies and above all the political will are the main drivers behind the secret of success in the side of Malaysia and vice versa for Sudan. Sudan like other countries has to follow the Malaysia model if the decision makers are serious in eliminating poverty. This paper may contribute to the on-going discussion on poverty and open rooms for more comparative study between nations. Comparative study will help the planners in formulating rational policy, benefitting from exchanging ideas and learning from each.

scholarly journals PERAN OTORITAS JASA KEUANGAN TERHADAP PENGAWASAN LEMBAGA KEUANGAN DI INDONESIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (02) ◽  
pp. 177-188
Author(s):  
Annisa Arifka Sari
Keyword(s):  
Capital Market ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Financial Service ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Legal Research ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Financial Services Sector ◽  
Stable Manner ◽  
The Government

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan peran Otoritas Jasa Keuangan sebagai lembaga independen dalam melakukan pengawasan terhadap lembaga jasa keuangan di Indonesia serta kewenangan Otoritas Jasa Keuangan yang diatur dalam Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2011 tentang Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum normatif. Dari hasil penelitian dijelaskan bahwa Otoritas Jasa Keuangan adalah lembaga yang independen dan bebas dari campur tangan pihak lain, yang mempunyai fungsi, tugas, dan wewenang pengaturan, pengawasan, pemeriksaan, dan penyidikan terhadap lembaga jasa keuangan seperti perbankan. Dasar hukum dibentuknya Otoritas Jasa Keuangan adalah Undang-Undang Nomor 21 Tahun 2011. Secara kelembagaan, Otoritas Jasa Keuangan berada di luar pemerintah, yang dimaknai bahwa Otoritas Jasa Keuangan tidak menjadi bagian dari kekuasaan pemerintah. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan dibentuk dengan tujuan agar keseluruhan kegiatan di dalam sektor jasa keuangan terselenggara secara teratur, adil, transparan, dan akuntabel; mampu mewujudkan sistem keuangan yang tumbuh secara berkelanjutan dan stabil; serta mampu melindungi kepentingan konsumen dan masyarakat. Otoritas Jasa Keuangan bertugas tidak hanya mengatur dan mengawasi perbankan saja, tetapi juga mencakup pasar modal, perasuransian, dana pensiun, lembaga pembiayaan, serta lembaga jasa keuangan lainnya.    THE ROLE OF FINANCIAL SERVICES AUTHORITY ON SUPERVISION OF FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS IN INDONESIA This research aims to explain the role of the Financial Services Authority as an independent institution in supervising financial service institutions in Indonesia as well as the authority of the Financial Services Authority as regulated in Law Number 21 of 2011 concerning the Financial Services Authority. The method used in this research is normative legal research. From the research results, it is explained that the Financial Services Authority is an independent institution and free from interference from other parties, which has the function, task and authority to regulate, supervise, examine and investigate financial service institutions such as banks. The legal basis for the establishment of the Financial Services Authority is Law Number 21 of 2011. Institutionally, the Financial Services Authority is outside the government, which means that the Financial Services Authority is not part of the government's power. The Financial Services Authority was formed with the aim that all activities in the financial services sector are carried out in an orderly, fair, transparent and accountable manner; able to realize a financial system that grows in a sustainable and stable manner; and able to protect the interests of consumers and society. The Financial Services Authority is tasked with not only regulating and supervising banking, but also covering the capital market, insurance, pension funds, financing institutions, and other financial service institutions.    

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