scholarly journals Addressing Poverty in Sudan and Malaysia: A Story of Success and Constraints

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Hillo Abdelatti ◽  
Yasin Elhadary ◽  
Narimah Samat
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
National Governments ◽  
Desk Review ◽  
Made In

Sudan and Malaysia have shown some socio-economic similarities especially when it comes to the issue of addressing poverty. After independence, almost half of the entire population of both countries were living under poverty line. The successive national governments in both countries have embarked on eliminating the extreme poverty. The aim of this paper is to highlight the policies and programmes adopted and implemented by policymakers in both countries in addressing poverty. The overall objective is to uncover the secret of the success and constraints faced both countries in addressing poverty. To achieve such objective, the paper based mainly on a desk review of recent documents and review of some recent researches' result. The paper has come out with that the similarities between both countries manifested itself in that both are classified as Muslim countries, have an agricultural background, inherited the same legacy as been colonized by British, their communities consist of various ethnic groups and minorities with sharp spatial and ethnic inequalities in income and social class. Despite these, Malaysia has succeeded in reducing poverty from over fifty 52.4% in 1970 to around one per cent 1.2 % in 2015, while less progress has been made in side of Sudan. Moreover, unlike Sudan, Malaysia has managed to achieve the MDGs goals in halving a head before the time determined, while Sudan has long way and it seems impossible to fulfil such objective even after 2015. Our findings have shown that, formulated home-grown policies, rejecting imposed policies by international institutions (World Bank), availability and accessibility of up to date poverty data, ability to implement policies and above all the political will are the main drivers behind the secret of success in the side of Malaysia and vice versa for Sudan. Sudan like other countries has to follow the Malaysia model if the decision makers are serious in eliminating poverty. This paper may contribute to the on-going discussion on poverty and open rooms for more comparative study between nations. Comparative study will help the planners in formulating rational policy, benefitting from exchanging ideas and learning from each.

COMBATING TRANSNATIONAL CRIME IN AFRICA: PROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES

2006 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN HATCHARD
Keyword(s):  
Transnational Crime ◽  
Environmental Crime ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The Third ◽  
Major Threat ◽  
Proceeds Of Crime ◽  
Made In

Transnational crime is a major problem for African states with corruption, trafficking of persons, drugs trafficking, environmental crime and the like posing a major threat to development and stability. This article examines three challenges that states must tackle in order to combat transnational crime effectively. The first is how to deal with criminals who operate outside the jurisdiction. The second concerns the investigation of crimes with a transnational element. The third challenge involves tracing and then recovering the proceeds of crime that have been moved out of the country where the crime occurred. Here the need for Western states to cooperate with those in Africa is highlighted. Drawing on examples from Lesotho and Nigeria in particular, it is argued that some progress is being made in meeting these challenges. However, the article notes that developing the political will to tackle transnational crime is fundamental to any lasting improvement.

Environmental modernization and administrative simplification in Portugal

elni Review ◽  
2016 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
Alexandra Aragão
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Constitutional Amendments ◽  
The Public ◽  
Administrative Simplification ◽  
Detailed Presentation ◽  
Made In

The fight against bureaucracy has been a constitutional goal in Portugal since 1982, when the first constitutional amendments were made. In Article 267(1), the following was included on the organization and goals of the Public Administration: “the Public Administration shall be structured in such a way as to avoid bureaucratisation, bring departments and services closer to local people and ensure that interested parties take part in its effective management, particularly via public associations, residents’ organisations and other forms of democratic representation”. Unfortunately, the mere fact of having a constitutional article dedicated to bureaucracy does not automatically fulfil the intended goal unless there is also the political will, governmental commitment and institutional capacity to achieve the objective. Since 2005 the conditions for serious and systematic simplification have finally been met. In this article, the legal and political context in which the first modernization initiatives occurred, firstly, is briefly explained. Then, the article moves on to a more detailed presentation and critical analysis of the recent legal changes that took place in 2015 and transformed the environmental bureaucracy landscape in Portugal.

scholarly journals Kelembagaan Politik Islam: Konsep Konstitusi, Legislasi, Demokrasi, Ummah Dan Syura’

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
Kun Budianto
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The Political ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Political Will ◽  
The People ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Rules Of The Game ◽  
Made In

Islam is a religion perfect and comprehensive, it should have a major role in the political life of a country. To go toward the integration of society, the state and the Islamic ijtihad is needed that will provide guidance for parliamentarians or politicians in explaining hujahnya in politics. And the interaction of Muslims living in the modern world with the political will give new experiences and challenges towards a just and prosperous society. A clean and healthy politics will increase public confidence, especially in Indonesia that Islam is indeed manage all aspects from the economic, social, military, cultural to political. Political institutions in Islam, among others, consists of the concepts of the constitution, legislation, shura and democracy and also the ummah. Islam made ​​in the constitution is in order as the guidelines and rules of the game in the relationship between government and the people. Legislation created to deal with affairs of state and government set a law that will be enforced and implemented by people. While the shura and democracy are two interrelated things, shura is in deliberation and democracy also emphasizes the element of deliberation. And the ummah or community can be defined nation, people, people, communities and so on. It could be said that the people of an organization are bound by the rules of Islam.

Retrieval activities on the Franken shipwreck

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-190
Author(s):  
Benedykt Hac
Keyword(s):  
Oil Spill ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Measurement Data ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Photographic Material ◽  
Sea Bottom ◽  
Environmentally Safe

On 23rd-28th April 2018, an expedition was carried out to the German tanker FRANKEN, located in the central part of the Gdansk Bay. The purpose of this expedition was to gather as many photos, videos and information as possible, which after processing could be used to produce a coherent, technical description of the wreck. The main purpose of the project is to present the outcome of the expedition. This outcome is a compilation of the measurement data, the photographic material as well as the samples collected at the sea bottom, next to the Franken wreck, according to the objective set in the project. The analysis of the activities carried out and the research results are intended to contribute to achieving the two main objectives of the project: · to reduce the possibility of ecological disaster in the Gdańsk Bay through the development and preparation of the best technical and environmentally safe recovery plan of the oil remaining in the Franken shipwreck and, · to mobilise the political will of the maritime administration in the region, where the wreck is located as well as political decision-makers to take over the responsibility for securing the wreck and to undertake actions mitigating the risk of a large oil spill in the Gdansk Bay. The preparation of the Action Plan for cleaning of the shipwreck will help to show the decision-makers the scale of this undertaking.

The Role of OIC in the Social Policies of Its Members

2016 ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Sema Bölükbaş
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Policies ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Member States ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Fragmented Structure ◽  
The Social

The fragmented structure of Muslim countries and the lack of political will to solve their problems with a real collaboration prevent Muslim societies to form an active union. Although most of the documents of OIC are in line with the universal human right principles and there is some organs within the organization to carry out the decisions, the deep clash of interests between the Muslim countries and the fact that the implementation of the provisions in these documents are up to the member countries' initiatives and there is no sanction about the implementation of these provisions are the main reasons of the failure and ineffectiveness of the organization. As the organization is unable to protect even the basic human rights of the Muslims in the member states, inefficacy about social policies, except for some humanitarian aids, is not surprising. As all of the intellectuals agree, the political will should be consolidated among member states, lack of which seems to be the main reason behind the organization's failure.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE VIABILITY OF LIFESTYLE AUDIT AS AN ANTI-CORRUPTION TOOL IN KENYA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-31
Author(s):  
Olayo Ochieng ◽  
Lewis Kamau
Keyword(s):  
Narrative Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Political ◽  
Judicial Interpretation ◽  
Political Will ◽  
Executive Action ◽  
Software And Hardware ◽  
Desk Review

Purpose: The main objective of this paper was to assess whether lifestyle audit as an anti-corruption tool is viable. Methodology: The study was based on a desk review of existing studies and documented statistics. Further, legal framework and case laws were cited. A narrative analysis was performed and at this point the information was interpreted by comparing the results with the results of other empirical studies. This information was interpreted using the “stories in the stories” and linked to the existing literature. Results: The study found that lifestyle audit is a viable tool for fighting corruption. However, there are challenges in the legal framework, particularly on the implementation. The study noted that the viability of lifestyle audits depends on judicial interpretation, political will and more importantly addressing of the current software and hardware issues existing in the current legal framework. Recommendation: The study calls for political will to ensure the Lifestyle Audit Bill 2019 is not watered down by judicial interpretation. It further recommends that the political will should be accompanied by executive action to fight corruption through wealth declaration.

Kämpfe um Bergbau und die Möglichkeiten demokratischer Transformation

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (189) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Dietz
Keyword(s):  
Direct Democracy ◽  
Social Power ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
Political Effects ◽  
Mining Project ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Relationship

The article explores the political effects of popular consultations as a means of direct democracy in struggles over mining. Building on concepts from participatory and materialist democracy theory, it shows the transformative potentials of processes of direct democracy towards democratization and emancipation under, and beyond, capitalist and liberal democratic conditions. Empirically the analysis is based on a case study on the protests against the La Colosa gold mining project in Colombia. The analysis reveals that although processes of direct democracy in conflicts over mining cannot transform existing class inequalities and social power relations fundamentally, they can nevertheless alter elements thereof. These are for example the relationship between local and national governments, changes of the political agenda of mining and the opening of new spaces for political participation, where previously there were none. It is here where it’s emancipatory potential can be found.

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