scholarly journals Health and Disease

1997 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-163
Author(s):  
David E. Hornung ◽  
Catherine H Shrady
Keyword(s):  
Allopathic Medicine ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Teaching Tools ◽  
Comprehensive View ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Healing Tradition

 A close examination of a healing tradition's assumptions about reality (metaphysics), ways of acquiring knowledge (epistemology), and systems of beliefs and values (ideology) are a powerful focus for a more general attempt to study culture (Beinfield and Koragold, 1991). The intention of this paper is not to offer a comprehensive view of any particular healing tradition. In the few pages that follow, it would be impossible to adequately describe even a single healing tradition. Rather, generalizations concerning the metaphysics, epistemology, and ideology of Western and non-Western healing traditions are used to suggest how healing traditions might be related to broader cultural contexts. Healing traditions outside of allopathic medicine are here referred to by the term "non-Western." This is not meant to suggest a "them vs. us" mentality. If anything it suggests a nonspiritual vs. spiritual dichotomy. Questions raised when different healing traditions encounter each other and sometimes conflict are powerful teaching tools. The hope is that these questions and generalizations might provide the beginning framework by which a student studying abroad could approach culture through issues of health and disease. 

Mysticism as a Basis of Inter-Religious Dialogue

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-107
Author(s):  
Michael H. Mitias ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Mystical Experience ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Religious Dialogue ◽  
Transcendent Reality ◽  
The Common

Some philosophers and theologians have argued that God-centeredness cannot be a condition of inter-religious dialogue for at least four reasons. First, it is an existential fact that all religions tend to view the truth of their beliefs and values as absolute. Second, all religions are embedded in radically different cultural contexts; this kind of difference undercuts the possibility of inter-religious dialogue. Third, grounding all the religions in a transcendent reality relativizes their beliefs and values. Moreover, people worship “their” God, not a neutral reality. Fourth, it is difficult to ground all the religions in a transcendent, neutral realty. This paper critically evaluates these arguments and defends the proposition that the mystical experience provides a justifiable basis for the claim that the transcendent is not only a wealth of being but also an infinite wealth of being and that the same transcendent is “revealed” in the mystical experience which underlies all the major religions. The transcendent is the common ground on which all the religions stand in inter-religious dialogue qua religions.

scholarly journals Accommodating Race and Ethnicity in Parenting Interventions

2017 ◽  
pp. 332-343
Author(s):  
Divna M. Haslam ◽  
Anilena Mejia
Keyword(s):  
Race And Ethnicity ◽  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Triple P ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Parenting Interventions ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
Evidence Based Programs ◽  
The Impact

The parenting experience can be both similar and vastly different across different cultural contexts. This chapter outlines what culture is and the impact it has on family structure and functioning and beliefs about parenting. Discussed are the similarities and differences across common cultural dimensions and how knowledge of local cultural beliefs and values is critical in ensuring the successful implementation of parenting interventions is detailed. The importance of adapting evidence-based programs in a culturally appropriate way and of flexibly delivering interventions to fit a range of contexts without compromising program efficacy are addressed. Practical examples of low-risk adaptations are provided. Finally, the existing evidence of a range of Triple P program variants and a range of cultural contexts with a specific focus on low-resource settings are reviewed and practical are provided. The chapter concludes with a discussion about the implications and future directions research could take.

Strategic Leadership through the Prism of National Culture

2017 ◽  
pp. 1612-1622
Author(s):  
David Starr-Glass
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Power Distance ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Strategic Leadership ◽  
Leadership Model ◽  
National Cultures ◽  
Cultural Assumptions ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Beliefs And Values

The increasing importance and practice of strategic leadership can easily be seen as a rational and logical response to growing complexity and volatility in the task environments that organizations confront. Undoubtedly, this is partially true, but a strategic leadership response is also supported and encouraged by the cultural assumptions, beliefs, and values embedded in many Western societies. It is not without significance that strategic leadership has become so widely adopted in national cultures that legitimize individualism, power distance, risk-taking, and future-orientated behaviors. These cultural dimensions support and encourage strategic leadership, but what happens when this leadership model is applied, or imposed, in different national cultural contexts? This chapter tries to answer this question by considering national culture and the perception of the strategic leadership construct.

scholarly journals Discourse Analyses of Chinese Visiting Professors at Canadian Universities: Adaptation and Transformation

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Lin Ge
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Teaching Beliefs ◽  
International Graduate Students ◽  
Canadian Universities ◽  
Teaching Perspectives ◽  
International Graduate ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
Beliefs And Values ◽  
University Experiences ◽  
Study Overseas

Chinese visiting professors, as Chinese university educators, are playing both practitioners and conformists in adapting to Western teaching perspectives and pedagogies while maintaining Chinese teaching beliefs. This study attempts to understand the international university experiences (Canada) of Chinese visiting professors. Arguably, Chinese visiting professors might potentially engage in programs aimed at providing an advance preparation for Chinese international graduate students, furthering their successful transition in study abroad. This paper is oriented to a post-structural paradigm in order to remain open to the attitudes, beliefs, and values of participants. The findings of a discourse analysis of Chinese visiting professors at a Canadian university are presented. The findings disclosed specific accounts as provided by this research group (i.e. dual academic and teaching experiences, and bicultural experiences in Chinese and Canadian universities). Using the findings, recommendations were made in bridging potential challenges to studying abroad. Specific to this task is the construction of an in-country program aimed at preparing Chinese undergraduate and graduate students for study overseas (specifically in Canada).

scholarly journals Out of Tune: How People Understand Social Exclusion at Concerts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn Daenekindt
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Art Museums ◽  
Social Boundaries ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Comprehensive View ◽  
Data Representative

Previous work has studied the exclusive nature of legitimate cultural contexts, such as art museums and classical concerts. I offer a more comprehensive view by considering social exclusion in cultural settings varying in terms of legitimacy and by studying how people differ in their understanding of social exclusion (that is, criteria used to draw social boundaries demarcating certain cultural settings as inappropriate for some people). I scrutinize the centrality of modes of consumption in these understandings of social exclusion. Using survey data representative for the Flemish population (n=3,144), I inductively analyse attitudes towards classical and pop/rock concerts. I uncover four understandings of social exclusion that are present with regard to both types of concerts. These understandings differ (a) in whether they stem from an insiders’ or outsiders’ perspective and (b) in how they use modes of consumption as criteria for social exclusion. Additionally, I find that people’s understanding of social exclusion—i.e., which criteria people consider relevant for social exclusion—drives what cultural contexts they perceive as socially exclusive.

scholarly journals Diferentes Perspectivas nas Abordagens da Saúde/ Doença

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-35
Author(s):  
Adélcio Machado dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Universal Functions ◽  
Health It ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
History Of ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Culture Environment ◽  
The Individual

O homem é visto num aspecto mais abrangente como sendo um cientista imperfeito, inserido numa realidade social, os sujeitos e seus laços se estabelecem em um território na busca de qualidade de vida. O objetivo do estudo é investigar as diferentes perspectivas elaboradas na abordagem do binômio saúde e doença. Embora sejam muito diversas em razão da peculiaridade de seus contextos culturais, as sociedades apresentam, também, características comuns. Necessita do desempenho de certas funções universais, indispensáveis ao prosseguimento de seu curso, entre elas a saúde. É bem verdade que estar saudável vai além de não ser acometido por um tipo de enfermidade, relacionada a aspectos como cultura, meio ambiente, congênito, genético, entre outros, ligados à história de cada indivíduo. É por essa razão que a educação em saúde deve ser o objetivo dos profissionais da saúde para o indivíduo, para o melhor da coletividade.   Man is seen in a broader aspect as being an imperfect scientist, inserted in a social reality, the subjects and their bonds are established in a territory in the search for quality of life. The objective of the study is to investigate the different perspectives elaborated in the approach to the binomial health and disease. Although they are very diverse due to the peculiarity of their cultural contexts, societies also have common characteristics. It requires the performance of certain universal functions, indispensable to the continuation of its course, among them health. It is very true that being healthy goes beyond not being affected by a type of illness, related to aspects such as culture, environment, congenital, genetic, among others, linked to the history of each individual. It is for this reason that health education should be the goal of health professionals for the individual, for the best of the collectivity.

Drug Induced Changes in Cell Organelles

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 110-111
Author(s):  
Sarah A. Luse
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Cell Organelles ◽  
Riboflavin Deficiency ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
New Era ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Cellular Pathology ◽  
Induced Changes ◽  
The Impact

In the mid-nineteenth century Virchow revolutionized pathology by introduction of the concept of “cellular pathology”. Today, a century later, this term has increasing significance in health and disease. We now are in the beginning of a new era in pathology, one which might well be termed “organelle pathology” or “subcellular pathology”. The impact of lysosomal diseases on clinical medicine exemplifies this role of pathology of organelles in elucidation of disease today.Another aspect of cell organelles of prime importance is their pathologic alteration by drugs, toxins, hormones and malnutrition. The sensitivity of cell organelles to minute alterations in their environment offers an accurate evaluation of the site of action of drugs in the study of both function and toxicity. Examples of mitochondrial lesions include the effect of DDD on the adrenal cortex, riboflavin deficiency on liver cells, elevated blood ammonia on the neuron and some 8-aminoquinolines on myocardium.

The Laryngeal Epithelium in Reflux

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Erickson-Levendoski ◽  
Mahalakshmi Sivasankar
Keyword(s):  
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Laryngeal Disease ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

The epithelium plays a critical role in the maintenance of laryngeal health. This is evident in that laryngeal disease may result when the integrity of the epithelium is compromised by insults such as laryngopharyngeal reflux. In this article, we will review the structure and function of the laryngeal epithelium and summarize the impact of laryngopharyngeal reflux on the epithelium. Research investigating the ramifications of reflux on the epithelium has improved our understanding of laryngeal disease associated with laryngopharyngeal reflux. It further highlights the need for continued research on the laryngeal epithelium in health and disease.

Studies on Gastric Mucus in Health and Disease

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 758-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lansing C. Hoskins ◽  
Norman Zamcheck
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Mucus ◽  
Health And Disease
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