scholarly journals Analysis And Modelling Of Geoelectric Data Modeling For The Identication Of Groundwater aquifer At Cisarua Area, West Bandung

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
A Daniswara ◽  
Darharta Dahrin ◽  
Setianingsih Setianingsih
Keyword(s):  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Soil Zone ◽  
Groundwater Aquifer ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
Aquifer Characteristic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Agricultural Business ◽  
Geoelectric Data

Groundwater is the main need of society in everyday life. Groundwater is one of renewable resources but it doesn’t mean that it can be exploitated without limit. Several factors that affect the availability of groundwater derived from nature such as geological conditions, rainfall, and green areas should be considered. Water in the soil is stored in a porous layer and has a good permeability is called an aquifer. Cisarua area is located in West Bandung regency, West Java which is a hilly area that has a topography with a slope ranging from normal to steep. The land use in this area is still dominated with plantation and forest as green area. Groundwater aquifer characteristics in that area needs to be examined and analysed for the needs of the community and agricultural business. In this research, the writer used inversion modeling technique of geoelectric data to visualize the condition of subsurface. Resistivity inversion modelling of apparent resistivity data as a result of resistivity method with Wenner-Schlumberger configuration is then carried out with least-square method. The initial model is modified in an iterative manner such that the sum of square error of the difference between the model response and the observed data values is minimized. The result of resistivity modelling is used for analysis of aquifer characteristic such as lithology, depth and structure along with considering geological reference. As the result of modelling, the area of measurement is divided into three zones which are Zone of aeration, Zone of Saturation, and endapan formasi. Zone of aeration is located at depth 0-25 m with resistivity 20-100 Ohm.m and the predicted lithology is gravel or weathered soil. Zone of Saturation (akuifer) is located at depth 25-60 m with resistivity 4-30 Ohm.m and the predicted lithology is sandstone or clay. Endapan Formasi Cibereum is located at more than 60 m from ground with resistivity more than 100 Ohm.m and the predicted lithology is sandy tuff or dry breccia.

scholarly journals Solution of inverse heat conduction equation with the use of Chebyshev polynomials

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magda Joachimiak ◽  
Andrzej Frąckowiak ◽  
Michał Ciałkowski
Keyword(s):  
Inverse Problem ◽  
Chebyshev Polynomials ◽  
Direct Problem ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Random Disturbance ◽  
Inverse Heat Conduction ◽  
Chebyshev Nodes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Stability

AbstractA direct problem and an inverse problem for the Laplace’s equation was solved in this paper. Solution to the direct problem in a rectangle was sought in a form of finite linear combinations of Chebyshev polynomials. Calculations were made for a grid consisting of Chebyshev nodes, what allows us to use orthogonal properties of Chebyshev polynomials. Temperature distributions on the boundary for the inverse problem were determined using minimization of the functional being the measure of the difference between the measured and calculated values of temperature (boundary inverse problem). For the quasi-Cauchy problem, the distance between set values of temperature and heat flux on the boundary was minimized using the least square method. Influence of the value of random disturbance to the temperature measurement, of measurement points (distance from the boundary, where the temperature is not known) arrangement as well as of the thermocouple installation error on the stability of the inverse problem was analyzed.

Application of Photoelectric Sensor in Vehicle Power Control System

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 700-706
Author(s):  
Yifan Zhao ◽  
Mengyu Wang ◽  
Kai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Power Control ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Time Calculation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Mean Square Errors

Due to its characteristics of using clean electric energy and bringing no damage to the environment, electric vehicles (EVs) have become a new developmental direction for the automotive industry. Its reliability issues have also attracted the attention of experts and professionals. In the field of automotive power control, from the perspective of motor control, this study uses the photoelectric sensors (PSs) as the research objects and elaborates on the measurement principles of motor speed with PSs. Meanwhile, a diagnosis scheme is proposed for various faults in the measurement. Among them, the measurement speed is converted by the photoelectric signal, and the measured waveform is amplified. In the fault detection process, the Radial Basis Function (RBF) artificial neural network (ANN) is analyzed. By using this method, the difference in the motor speed detected by the sensor is calculated to determine the cause of the failure. The test uses the least-square method to compare the tested motor speed with the actual motor speed. The results show that PSs can measure the motor speed of EVs. As for the motor failures, the mean square errors (MSEs) of motor speeds generated by different faults are compared to determine the fault points according to the speed changes. In addition, the cause of motor failure can be determined by the real-time calculation of the speed differences. The above tests fully prove the effectiveness of measuring the speed of electric motors by PSs; therefore, PSs have broad application prospects in vehicle power control systems.

Simulation and Research for Gas Boiler Based on the Vague Set PID

2014 ◽  
Vol 556-562 ◽  
pp. 2101-2104
Author(s):  
Gang Zhao ◽  
Jian Li
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Performance ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Vague Set ◽  
Pid Algorithm ◽  
Static Performance ◽  
Self Tuning ◽  
The Difference

Gas hot water boiler is widely used as heating equipment in everyday life. Because gas hot water boiler has the characteristics of nonlinear, large inertia and disturbances, so it is particularly important to build a precise mathematical model. Then the difference equation model of the system is identified by the least square method according to the collected data in this paper. Writing M file in the MATLAB software to get the continuous transfer function, and setting up Vague Set PID simulation, fuzzy self-tuning PID simulation and conventional PID algorithm in SIMULINK. By comparing among the three kinds of adjusting method, We get that Vague Set PID not only in regulation time, overshoot and effect of dynamic performance is superior compared the other two controller models , but also enhance the robustness and adaptability of the system, has a good dynamic, static performance..

Optimal Weighted Least Square Data Fusion Method for Redundant IMU Based on Calculation of Measurement Error

2012 ◽  
Vol 241-244 ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Chuan Xing ◽  
Hai Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Data Fusion ◽  
Measurement Errors ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Weighted Least Square ◽  
Weighted Matrix ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Projection Error

A dodecahedron non-orthogonal redundant IMU configuration was selected as model. To improve fusion accuracy, we proposed an effective calculation method for measurement errors based on the correlation between measurement errors and fusion errors. The method considered the difference between traditional data fusion vector’s projection and measurement results, and then made a conversion from projection error to measurement error. Combined with optimal weighted least square method, measurement error was used to generate an optimal weighted matrix, and this made data fusion errors minimum. Simulations also proved that the fusion result of this method is more accurate than the result of traditional method.

scholarly journals Resistivity Models of Pantar Island Geothermal System East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
Yoqi Ali Taufan ◽  
I. Syafri ◽  
D. Risdianto ◽  
A. Zarkasyi ◽  
T. Rahadinata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
3D Models ◽  
High Resistivity ◽  
Geothermal System ◽  
Geothermal Systems ◽  
Low Resistivity ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Clay Cover

The subsurface geological conditions of a geothermal system are vital objects to be considered in geothermal exploration. The Magnetotellurics survey was conducted to explore for geothermal potential in Pantar Island. This is to achieve deeper penetration compared to our previous study that adopted resistivity method to determine reservoir zones based on rock resistivity models. The difference in rock resistivity in geothermal systems provides subsurface geological information in the form of low resistivity that associated the clay cap zones (high conductive), the medium resistivity zones associated with the reservoir zones, and high resistivity associated with a heat source. The results of 2D and 3D models from MT data show that the low resistivity value (<20Ωm) as a clay cover zones, this layer from the surface to -1000 meters. Medium resistivity values ​​(20-100 Ωm) starting from depths -1000 meters to -2000 meters associated with reservoirs zones, high resistivity values (> 200 Ωm) starting from depths of -2000 meters are considered as heat source from the Pantar geothermal system.

scholarly journals PEMETAAN AKUIFER AIRTANAH DI WILAYAH KAMPUS UNSRAT MANADO DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE GEOLISTRIK TAHANAN JENIS

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Sweetny Steria Sulu ◽  
As’ari As’ari ◽  
Seni Herlina Juwita Tongkukut
Keyword(s):  
Shallow Groundwater ◽  
Electric Resistivity ◽  
Subsurface Structure ◽  
Resistivity Method ◽  
Groundwater Aquifer ◽  
The Difference

PEMETAAN AKUIFER AIRTANAH DI WILAYAH KAMPUS UNSRAT MANADO DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE GEOLISTRIK TAHANAN JENISABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetakan keberadaan akuifer air tanah di Jl. Kampus Selatan Kecamatan Sario Kota Manado berdasarkan resistivitas batuan bawah permukaan hasil eksplorasi geofisika dengan metode geolistrik tahanan jenis. Penelitian ini terdiri dari 18 titik sounding yang terbagi dalam 4 lintasan dimana setiap lintasan dibuat model struktur lapisan tanah dibawah permukaan. Kondisi lapisan akuifer airtanah ini dapat dieksplorasi dengan metode geofisika yang dapat digunakan untuk menyelidiki struktur bawah permukaan berdasarkan perbedaan resistivitas batuan. Hasil eksplorasi ini kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan software IP2WIN untuk melihat data lapisan tanah berdasarkan nilai resistivitasnya (2D) dan pesebaran titik – titik terdapatnya akuifer airtanah. Berdasarkan model struktur lapisan tanah di bawah permukaan ini diperoleh lapisan akuifer airtanah yang berupa akuifer airtanah dangkal dengan nilai resistivitas ρ  14,5 Ωm. Lapisan akuifer airtanah  yang berupa akuifer airtanah dangkal permukaan dengan kedalaman 2 meter pada titik sounding 3. Kedalaman 3 meter pada setiap titik sounding. Terdapat akuifer airtanah dangkal dalam pada kedalaman 10 meter dititik sounding 15. Kata kunci : Akuifer airtanah, geolistrik tahanan jenis, software IP2WIN, struktur lapisan tanah. THE MAPPING OF GROUNDWATER AQUIFER IN UNSRAT (MANADO BY USING THE GEO ELECTRIC OF RESISTIVITY METHOD ABSTRACT This research is intebded to map the existence of groundwater aquifer at Jl. Kampus Selatan Kecamatan Sario in Manadi city, based on resistivity of subsurface rock as exploration result is of geophysics by geo electric methode . The research consist of 18 sounding points which divided in 4 lines, that a model of  this aquifer can be explored by geophysics method. This method can be use to see into subsurface structure based on the difference of rocks resistivity. This exploration result then proceeded by using IP2WIN software to see ground layers data based on resistivity values (2D) and the spread of the points in which the groundwater aquifer exists. Based on this subsurface ground layers structure, the groundwater aquifer layer of shallow groundwater is acquired with ρ  14,5 Ωm resistivity values. This can be found on sounding point 3 at depth of 2m. Aquifer with dept of 10m found in sounding point 15. Keyword : groundwater aquifer, geo electric resistivity, IP2WIN software, ground layers structure.

scholarly journals The Enhancement of 3D Scans Depth Resolution Obtained by Confocal Scanning of Porous Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 273-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalibor Martisek ◽  
Jana Prochazkova
Keyword(s):  
Porous Materials ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Depth Resolution ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Vertical Resolution ◽  
Limit Value ◽  
Random Events ◽  
Confocal Scanning ◽  
The Difference ◽  
3D Scans

Abstract The 3D reconstruction of simple structured materials using a confocal microscope is widely used in many different areas including civil engineering. Nonetheless, scans of porous materials such as concrete or cement paste are highly problematic. The well-known problem of these scans is low depth resolution in comparison to the horizontal and vertical resolution. The degradation of the image depth resolution is caused by systematic errors and especially by different random events. Our method is focused on the elimination of such random events, mainly the additive noise. We use an averaging method based on the Lindeberg-Lévy theorem that improves the final depth resolution to a level comparable with horizontal and vertical resolution. Moreover, using the least square method, we also precisely determine the limit value of a depth resolution. Therefore, we can continuously evaluate the difference between current resolution and the optimal one. This substantially simplifies the scanning process because the operator can easily determine the required number of scans.

Rapid Ambiguity Resolution for Single Frequency Receiver

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 1309-1312
Author(s):  
Yong Guo Yang ◽  
Jun Tao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Ambiguity Resolution ◽  
Regularization Method ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Single Frequency ◽  
Evolutionary Method ◽  
Observation Matrix ◽  
The Difference

The algorithm of rapid ambiguity resolution for single frequency receivers is presented in this paper. Firstly, a sequential least square method is applied to decrease dimensions of the observation matrix of satellites. And then, the regularization method is applied to improve the accuracy of the float solution of ambiguities. Finally, the evolutionary method is applied to search the fixing solution of ambiguities. The experiment results show that the proposed method is fast and efficient for users to perform kinematical positioning and the difference between the positioning results of the proposed method and the results of GrafNav is in 2.5 cm.

scholarly journals Research on Roll Stabilizing Based on Energy Optimization for Autonomous Surface Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongjian Wang ◽  
Linlin Wang ◽  
Lixin Pan
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Difference Equation ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Roll Motion ◽  
Motion Model ◽  
Recursive Least Square ◽  
Autonomous Surface Vehicle ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Fin Stabilizer

Considering the case of ASV (autonomous surface vehicle) navigating with low speed near water surface, a new method for design of roll motion controller is proposed in order to restrain wave disturbance effectively and improve roll stabilizing performance. Control system design is based on GPC (general predictive control) theory and working principle of zero-speed fin stabilizer. Coupling horizontal motion model of ASV is decoupled, and an equivalent transfer function of roll motion is obtained and transformed into a discrete difference equation through inverse Laplace transformation and Euler approximation. Finally, predictive model of GPC, namely, the difference equation of roll motion, is given. GPC algorithm of ASV roll motion is derived from performance index based on roll stabilizing performance and energy consumption used for driving fin stabilizer. In allusion to time-variant parameters in roll motion model, recursive least square method is adopted for parameter estimation. Simulation results of ASV roll motion control show better stabilizing performance and minimized energy consumption improved by self-adaptive GPC.

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