scholarly journals THE FERTILITY OF CHERNOZEMIC SOILS ON THE MORAINE DEPOSITS

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
С.П. Ломов ◽  
В.С. Ломов
Keyword(s):  
Structural State ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Glacial Deposits ◽  
Physical Clay ◽  
Penza Oblast

Моренные отложения в Пензенской области образовались в результате разрушения Окско-донского ледника нижнего звена неоплейстоцена при потеплении [6, 15, 16]. Мощность основной морены может достигать ≈ 30,0 м [8, 10]. Ледниковые отложения донского горизонта по площади преобладают в западной части области. В современных физико-географических условиях они залегают в виде покрова на водоразделах и используются в агроценозе. Состав и свойства почв на моренных отложениях выделяются особенностями структурного состояния, своеобразным распределением фракций физической глины, невысоким содержанием гумуса и низким плодородием. Moraine deposits in the Penza oblast were formed as a result of the destruction of the Oka–Don glacier of the lower boundary of the neo-Pleistocene during warming [6, 15, 16]. The thickness of the main moraine can be ≈ 30.0 m [8, 10]. In terms of spacing, glacial deposits of the Don horizon predominate in the western part of the oblast. In current physical-geographical conditions, they are placed as the cover on watersheds and used in the agro-ecosystem. The composition and properties of soils on morainic deposits are special due to their structural state, peculiar distribution of physical clay fractions, low humus content and low fertility.

scholarly journals From the study of the characteristics of the mountain dark kastanozem in the mouth of Shar Khad in Uvur Zaisan, Bogd Khan mountain

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Lkhamsuren Byambaja ◽  
Khishigsaikhan Adiyazar ◽  
Janchivdorj Baatarkhuu ◽  
Soronzongombo Byambaa ◽  
Namjilsuren Ganbaatar
Keyword(s):  
Structural Stability ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Control Parameters ◽  
Physical Clay ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

We cut in 25.5 hectares of soil at the mouth of Shar Khad in Uvur Zaisan, Bogd Khan Uul, made morphological records, determined the soil structure, its stability, physical and chemical properties, and compared it with the soil properties of the fenced area selected as the main control parameters. In this study, we compared the structure, structural stability, physical and chemical properties of mountain dark kastanozem. For the soil structure of the study area, the proportion of 0.25-10 mm structure in the 0-8 cm layer is 5-18 %, and the structure size of less than 0.25 mm is 27 %, and the structural stability is 2-2.5 on average at 0-3 cm soil In terms of points and mechanical composition, light loam and sandy soils predominated in the 0-8 cm layer of soil, sand content increased by 48.2%, physical clay content decreased by 68.8%, and humus content decreased by 0.6% from the fenced area selected for control. As a result, the characteristics of the dark kastanozem degraded of the settled area. Богдхан уулын Өвөр Зайсангийн Шар хадны амны уулын хар хүрэн хөрсний шинж чанарыг судалсан дүн Бид Богд Хан уулын Өвөр Зайсангийн Шар хадны амны  25.5 га талбайн хөрсөнд зүсэлт хийж, морфологи бичиглэл үйлдэн, хөрсний бүтэц, түүний тогтвортой байдал, физик, химийн шинж чанарыг тодорхойлон голлох үзүүлэлтээр хяналт болгон сонгож авсан хашиж хамгаалсан талбайн хөрсний шинж чанартай харьцуулан уг судалгааг хийж гүйцэтгэв. Бид уг судалгаагаар уулын хар хүрэн хөрсний бүтэц, бүтцийн тогтвортой байдал, физик, химийн шинж чанарыг харьцуулан судлав. Судалгааны талбайн хөрсний бүтцийн хувьд 0-8 см үе давхаргад 0.25-10 мм хэмжээтэй бүтцийн эзлэх хувь 5-18 %, 0.25 мм-ээс бага хэмжээтэй бүтэц 27 %-ийг эзэлж, бүтцийн тогтвортой байдал хөрсний 0-3 см үед дунджаар 2-2.5 балл, механик бүрэлдэхүүний хувьд хөрсний 0-8 см үе давхаргад хөнгөн шавранцар механик бүрэлдэхүүн зонхилж, элсний агууламж 48.2 %-иар нэмэгдэж, физик шаврын агууламж 68.8 %-иар, ялзмагийн агууламж хяналт болгон сонгож авсан хашсан талбайнхаас 0.6 %-иар тус тус буурсан байна. Мөн хөрсний шим тэжээлийн элементүүд болох хөдөлгөөнт фосфор, солилцох калийн агууламжийн хувьд ч хашсан талбайнхаас бага байна. Дээрхи үр дүнгээс үзэхэд судалгааны талбайд тогтворжсон уулын хар хүрэн хөрсний шинж чанарт мэдэгдэхүйц өөрчлөлт орж талхагдал, доройтолд өртжээ гэж үзэх үндэстэй байна.  Түлхүүр үг: Хөрсний бүтэц, хөрсний бүтцийн тогтвортой байдал, хөрсний физик шинж, хими шинж, хөрсний доройтол

scholarly journals Content of radionuclides (226Ra, 232Th, 40K, 137Cs) in soils of the North-West region of Russia formed on three types of soil forming rocks

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 09018
Author(s):  
Elena Mingareeva ◽  
Boris Aparin ◽  
Elena Sukhacheva ◽  
Natalia Sanzharova ◽  
Evgeny Shevchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Activity ◽  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Parent Rock ◽  
Glacial Deposits ◽  
Physical Clay ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Parent Rocks

The results of a study of the content of natural radionuclides (NR) (226Ra, 232Th, 40K) and technogenic 137Cs in soil samples formed on the most common types of soil-forming rocks of the North-West: lakeglacial (non-boulder and tape clay), glacial and water-glacial deposits are presented. Soil sections laid in the Pskov, Novgorod and Leningrad regions. The granulometric composition in the upper part of the soil profile is lighter than in the parent rock. This is reflected in the NR content in the profile of these soils: with a decrease in the fractions of physical clay and silt, the content of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K decreases. This is due to the fixation of natural radionuclides by secondary clay minerals. According to the increase in the average specific activity of all NRs, the soils form the following sequence: soils on water-glacial deposits soils on moraines - soils on lake-glacial deposits. A comparison of the average specific activity of natural radionuclides and their ranges in the upper part of the soil (0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm) and in the parent rock (90-100 cm) revealed a higher content of radionuclides in parent rocks (lake-glacial and moraine deposits). In the soils on water-glacial deposits, no significant difference was found.

scholarly journals Divergent Effects of Antibiotics on Plants and Microbiota in Soils with Contrasting Humus Content

2021 ◽  
Vol 232 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle C. Bloor ◽  
A Kiryushina ◽  
K Kydralieva ◽  
L Bondarenko ◽  
L Pozdnyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Microbial Activity ◽  
Basal Respiration ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
High Concentrations

AbstractDespite the large number of scientific studies on the effects of antibiotics on soil microorganisms, little is known about the role played by soil organic matter (humus) in the interaction of antibiotics with microorganisms and plants, including the impacts on respiration and growth rate and the implications for nitrogen metabolism, which is an important factor in soil fertility The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of two widely used antibiotics, tetracycline and streptomycin, on microbiotic activity and plant growth in two soils with dissimilar organic carbon content, at the extremes of the fertility spectrum based on humus content. The study used humus-rich (Corg 5.4%) and humus-poor soils (Corg 1.5%) and measured basal respiration, substrate-induced respiration, nitric oxide emission, germination, and growth of white mustard 3 and 60 days after three progressively increasing doses of antibiotics were applied. Tetracycline was found to impair the ecological function of humus-rich soil by reducing denitrification and compromising soil microbial activity, while the effect of streptomycin on humus-poor soil was to reduce nitrification and soil fertility due to nitrogen escape. Both streptomycin and tetracycline increased the microbial biomass and suppressed the growth of white mustard seeds, which indicates an increase in the allelopathic activity of microorganisms in the soil conditions under the influence of antibiotics and their metabolites. Due to the low sorption of streptomycin in humus-poor soils, it poses a great danger to agricultural production, especially in areas of low fertility. In humus-rich soils, high concentrations of tetracycline caused numerous problems, including death of the crop plants. Thus, the effect of antibiotics as well as the more traditional soil pollutants, such as heavy metals, to a large extent, depends on the humus content of soils.

scholarly journals INTEGRATING OF GEOPHYSICAL AND AGROCHEMICAL METHODS FOR SLOPE LANDS STUDYING

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
O. Kruglov ◽  
O. Menshov ◽  
V. Kolada ◽  
A. Achasova ◽  
O. Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Physical Clay ◽  
Sloping Lands ◽  
Specific Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Rational Combination ◽  
Survey System ◽  
Combination Of Methods ◽  
Definition Of

The increasing of the soil degradation of agricultural lands in Ukraine requires the improvement of their survey system. First of all, it is related to the increase of the accuracy of determinations and the density of the measurement grid. To perform these tasks, new methods are involved, primarily the geophysics ones. There are certain advantages of the integration of the studies as well as development of the substantiated rational combination of methods. Recently, promising results of the application of the magnetic susceptibility of soil to characterize the agronomic properties have been obtained. This study shows the results of the integrated application of a number of agrochemical methods and determinations of mass-specific magnetic susceptibility (MS) on the example of podzolized chernozems of Kharkiv district of Kharkiv region. We identified the possibilities of culling of values of soil characteristics from the proceeding of the results of definition of MS. The nature of the correlation between MS and humus content allows us to recommend the replacement of more expensive determination of humus content with cheaper MS. Soil magnetic susceptibility correctly reflects the spatial distribution of the main indicators of eroded lands: the humus content, and physical clay. We propose the study of sloping lands with more optimal techniques of the MS measurement of the soil as the most accessible tool.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the structural state and enzymatic activity of calcic chernozem under the influence of biologically active drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Marina Dubinina ◽  
Olga Bezuglova ◽  
Vladimir Lychman ◽  
Olga Naimi ◽  
Elena Polienko
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Structural State ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Active Substances

The results of many years of research on the individual and complex effects of biologically active substances on the structural state and enzymatic activity calcic chernozem – humic preparation Lignohumate and microbiological fertilizer “Baikal-EM” – are presented. It was found that biologically active substances contribute to an increase in enzymatic activity, humus content and an improvement in the state of the soil structure. When both preparations are applied directly to the soil, the maximum effect and statistical reliability of this effect on the structural characteristics of the soil are shown even under extremely unfavorable weather conditions. At the same time, the structural coefficient during the study period increases from 1.5 to 2-2.7 in comparison with the background variant, which makes it possible to assess the structural state of the soils as “excellent”. In general, the activity of enzymes during the research in the cultivation of winter crops tended to stable growth. The cessation of the application of liquid complex fertilizers and the transition to a spring crop led to a decrease in the activity of enzymes and their return to background values.

scholarly journals Investigation and Assessment of Soil Fertility in Agroforest Landscapes

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A I Belyaev ◽  
A A Tubalov ◽  
A V Koshelev ◽  
A M Belyakov ◽  
S D Fomin
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Low Fertility ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Volgograd Region ◽  
Agrochemical Properties ◽  
Properties Of Soil

The article presents the research materials of agrochemical properties of soil land use in the agricultural production co-operative ”Kolos”, Oktyabrsky district of the Volgograd region. The studied agroforestry landscape is located on the left bank of the Tsimlyansk reservoir, in the watershed of the Myshkov River. The territory of the farm is typical for the light chestnut sub -- zone of soils in the South of the Volgograd region. The results of the research are data on agrochemical properties of soils, their analysis and relative assessment, as well as proposals for improving fertility. The analysis of soil samples was carried out in accordance with the guidelines for the comprehensive monitoring of soil fertility of agricultural land. The soil sample was taken from an area of 40 hectares and is a mixed sample composed of 20 individual samples taken from the depth of the arable layer (0 -- 0.30 m). The total area of the surveyed arable land is 13.3 thousand hectares. Under laboratory conditions, chemical analyses were carried out and such parameters of soil fertility as humus content, content of macronutrients (NPK), content of water-bearing salts, soil granulometric composition, pH index were determined. Laboratory data are summarized in the table. The analysis of experimental data revealed the ranges of the studied parameters and identified four groups of relative soil fertility: fields with high, medium, low and very low fertility. The grouping of fields based on the account of soil fertility will allow using more differentiated and effective application of the system of measures aimed at increasing the yield and preserving soil fertility.

Low Fertility in Europe: Is There Still Reason to Worry?

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn Hoorens ◽  
Jack Clift ◽  
Laura Staetsky ◽  
Barbara Janta ◽  
Stephanie Diepeveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Fertility
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