scholarly journals Dynamics of the structural state and enzymatic activity of calcic chernozem under the influence of biologically active drugs

2021 ◽  
Vol 273 ◽  
pp. 05004
Author(s):  
Marina Dubinina ◽  
Olga Bezuglova ◽  
Vladimir Lychman ◽  
Olga Naimi ◽  
Elena Polienko
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Structural State ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Maximum Effect ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Active Substances

The results of many years of research on the individual and complex effects of biologically active substances on the structural state and enzymatic activity calcic chernozem – humic preparation Lignohumate and microbiological fertilizer “Baikal-EM” – are presented. It was found that biologically active substances contribute to an increase in enzymatic activity, humus content and an improvement in the state of the soil structure. When both preparations are applied directly to the soil, the maximum effect and statistical reliability of this effect on the structural characteristics of the soil are shown even under extremely unfavorable weather conditions. At the same time, the structural coefficient during the study period increases from 1.5 to 2-2.7 in comparison with the background variant, which makes it possible to assess the structural state of the soils as “excellent”. In general, the activity of enzymes during the research in the cultivation of winter crops tended to stable growth. The cessation of the application of liquid complex fertilizers and the transition to a spring crop led to a decrease in the activity of enzymes and their return to background values.

COMPLEX FEED ADDITIVE TO NORMALIZE METABOLIC PROCESSES OF COWS

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-33
Author(s):  
Н.В. БОГОЛЮБОВА ◽  
Р.А. РЫКОВ
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Feed Additive ◽  
Feed Supplement ◽  
Metabolic Processes ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Alt Activity

Изучен способ нормализации обменных процессов и повышения продуктивности молочных коров при использовании комплекса биологически активных веществ. Эксперимент проведен на коровах голштинской породы (n=12) с продуктивностью за предыдущую лактацию 9000 кг молока. За 20 дней до отела и в течение 65 дней после коровы опытной группы получали комплексную кормовую добавку (ККД), включающую минерал шунгит, холин в «защищенной» форме, пробиотик «Целлобактерин+» и жмых льняной, в количестве 200 г на голову в сутки в смеси с концентратами. Для изучения обменных процессов в организме коров (n=5) в конце опыта отобраны пробы крови и определены основные биохимические показатели. Для оценки продуктивных качеств проводили контрольные дойки. Отмечено повышение в крови коров опытной группы концентрации общего белка на 2,8%, глюкозы — на 26,8% (P≤0,01), фосфолипидов — на 15,2% (P≤0,05), снижение мочевины на 23,6% (P≤0,05), билирубина — на 23,8% (P≤0,01), активности АЛТ на 13,11 (P≤0,05), АСТ — на 14,6% (P≤0,05). Использование ККД позволило снизить и привести в норму активность ферментов: лактатдегидрогеназы (ЛДГ), гаммаглутаминтрансферазы (ГГТ), креатинкиназы. Повышение интенсивности обменных процессов и нормализация показателей, характеризующих работу печени с использованием в питании комплекса биологически активных веществ ферментно-пробиотического, антиоксидантного и липотропно-гепатопротекторного действия, привело к повышению молочной продуктивности. A method of normalizing metabolic processes and increasing the productivity of dairy cows using a complex of biologically active substances has been studied. The experiment was carried out on Holstein cows (n = 12) with a productivity for the previous lactation of 9000 kg of milk. 20 days before calving and within 65 days after the cows of the experimental group received a complex feed supplement (CFS), including the mineral shungite, choline in a "protected" form, the probiotic "Cellobacterin +" and flaxseed cake, in an amount of 200 g per head per day mixed with concentrates. To study metabolic processes in the body of cows (n = 5), at the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken and the main biochemical parameters were determined. To assess the productive qualities, control milking was carried out. An increase in the blood of cows of the experimental group was noted in the concentration of total protein by 2.8%, glucose - by 26.8% (P≤0.01), phospholipids — by 15.2% (P≤0.05), a decrease in urea by 23,6% (P≤0.05), bilirubin - by 23.8% (P≤0.01), ALT activity by 13.11 (P≤0.05), AST — by 14.6% (P≤ 0.05). The use of CFS made it possible to reduce and normalize the activity of enzymes: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), gamma glutamine transferase (GGT), creatine kinase. An increase in the intensity of metabolic processes and the normalization of indicators characterizing the work of the liver with the use of a complex of biologically active substances of enzymatic-probiotic, antioxidant and lipotropic-hepatoprotective action in the diet led to an increase in milk productivity.

Carbon Materials for Immobilization of Biologically Active Substances

2020 ◽  
Vol 836 ◽  
pp. 52-57
Author(s):  
O.V. Denisova ◽  
I.I. Rastvorova
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Fibers ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Atomic Layer ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Layer Deposition ◽  
Atomic Layer Deposition Method ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Surface Modified ◽  
Active Substances

The paper considers applications of carbon materials as carriers of biologically active substances. The atomic layer deposition method allowed chemically synthesizing surface-modified composite materials based on graphite and carbon fibers, which maximally preserved the activity of enzymes and biologically active substances. It is shown that the activity of a biologically active substance depends on the chemical composition and state of the surface of carbon-based carriers.

The content of biologically active substances in fruits of golden currant accessions breeding of research institute of horticulture of Siberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 ◽  
pp. 95-102
Author(s):  
V. S. Salykova ◽  
L. V. Shtil’
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Level ◽  
Active Substances ◽  
Pectin Substances ◽  
Research Institute

Berries of golden currant have a nutritional value and a high content of biologically active substances (BAS). Variability and a high level of manifestation of accession parameters indicate the possibility of breeding for improving the biochemical composition of berries. The purpose of the work is to evaluate and select of golden currant accessions according to its high content of carotenoids, pectin and sum of pectin substances in fruits. The work was carried out at the Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia, Department of Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agro-Biotechnologies, in 2016- 2018. Weather conditions of 2016, 2017 were characterized as quite warm and quite moist, 2018 was dry and cool. Biochemical analysis was carried out in the laboratory of industrial technologies during the period of full ripeness of berries. Pectin substances were determined by the titrometric method (GOST 29059-91), carotenoids – according to I. K. Murray (GOST 8756.22-80 ST SEV 6519-88). The objects of the research were the varieties and selected forms of golden currant breeding of the Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia. The control variety was Levushka. As a result of the work, varieties and selected forms were evaluated by the content of biologically active substances (carotenoids, pectin, pectin substances), promising forms with maximum biochemical parameters were identified. The content of carotenoids in the accessions varied widely 0.5 – 11.9 mg/100 g, on the average 3.5 mg/100 g. Levushka varieties (11.9 mg/100 g) as well as Podarok to Ariadne (7.7 mg/100 g), Ida (6.5 mg/100 g), selected forms 4198-06-9 (6.9 mg/100 g) and 4197-06-1 (5.5 mg/100 g were noted with high values. Varieties Valentina and Otrada showed stability over the years, the coefficient of variation was 5.8 and 12.0 %, respectively. The pectin content in berries varied from 0.5 to 1.5 %, on the average 1.0 %, in the accessions Valentina, Ida, Otrada, 4190-06-13 – 1.3%, in 4268-07-1 – 1.4 %, 4197-06-1 – 1.5 %. The total amount of pectin substances in berries amounted to 0.9 – 1.6 % on the average – 1.3 %, with an increased value Ida variety, forms 4190-06-13, 4197-06- 1, 4198-06-9, 4268-07-1 were highlighted. Over the years of the research, the stability in the content of the sum of pectin substances was shown by accessions 4197-06-1 (V = 8, 7 %), 4268-07-1 (V = 10.7 %), 4190-06-13 (V = 1.7 %)

scholarly journals THEEVALUATIONOFSELECTEDFORMSOFGUELDER-ROSE (VIBURNUM OPULUS L.)DEVELOPED IN THE ALTAI REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
L.A. Khokhryakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Total Content ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Viburnum Opulus ◽  
Scientific Center ◽  
Good Taste ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Active Substances

The guelder-rose(Viburnum opulusL.)has fruits rich in biologically active substances. The introduction of Vibur-num opulusL.into the garden culture as a fruit plant for the first time in our country was started in Barnaul at the Altai Zonal Fruit and Berry Experimental Station. The reason for the lack of commercially significant guelder-rose planta-tions in Russia is the unrevealed potential of the crop, the lack of varieties having a complex of technologically attrac-tive characteristics: compact crown of the bush, suitability for mechanized harvesting, early fruiting, high yield, low bitter tasting fruits that are suitable for fresh consumption in addition to processability. This paper describes the select-ed forms of Viburnum opulusL.developed at the Research Institute of Gardening in Siberia named after M.A. Lisaven-koof the Federal Altai Scientific Center of Agro-Biotechnologies, the City of Barnaul. The results of breed-ing work with Viburnum opulusL.revealed real opportuni-ties for developing varieties with a complex of high eco-nomically significant indices. The research goal was to study the hybrid of Viburnum opulusL.and to identify the selected forms with a complex of economically valuable characters. The results from 2013 through 2019 are dis-cussed. The research targets were 9 selected forms from 5 families. The research was carried out in the breeding gar-den planted in 2008. Throughout the observation period, the weather conditions in 2013 and 2015 were the most favorable for the growth and fruiting of Viburnum opulusL.From 2017 through 2019, there was no harvest due to se-vere damage to the plants by Pyrrhalta vibumi larvae and beetles. The seedlings were evaluated regarding the ma-turity period, fruit quality (size, taste), and yield. The gen-eral condition of the plants, disease damage and pest damage were also evaluated. The observations were car-ried out according to the generally accepted program and method of selection and variety study of fruit, berry and nut crops. According to the research findings, the forms 5-12-08, 5-6-08 and 8-29-08 were selected for high yields (four-year average -3.7 kg per bush; maximum -5.0 kg bush) and large-fruits (1.2-1.5 g). A good taste of fresh fruits (4.5 points) and a processed product -strained fruits with sugar (4.7 points) was noted in the hybrid 5-2-08. Regarding the total content of biologically active substances in the fruits, the selected form 6-8-08 was identified.

Microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of Argentine Islands Region: Data from the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-68
Author(s):  
T. O. Kondratiuk ◽  
T. V. Beregova ◽  
I. Yu. Parnikoza ◽  
S. Y. Kondratyuk ◽  
A. Thell
Keyword(s):  
Filamentous Fungi ◽  
Mucor Circinelloides ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Rhodotorula Rubra ◽  
Yeast Fungi ◽  
Antarctic Expedition ◽  
Geomyces Pannorum ◽  
Active Substances

The identification of the diversity of microscopic fungi of lithobiont communities of the Argentine Islands in specimens collected during the 22nd Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition was the purpose of this work. Samples of rock, soil, mosses and lichens of rock micro-habitats of “Crustose lichen sub-formation and fruticose lichen and moss cushion sub-formation” were used in the work. These samples were used for extracting and cultivation of filamentous fungi on dense nutrient media. Determination of physiological and biochemical characteristics and identification of yeast-like fungi were performed using a microbiological analyser ‘Vitek-2’ (‘Bio Merieux’, France). Cultivation of microorganisms was carried out at temperatures from +2 to +37 °C. In results cultures of microscopic fungi of Zygomycota (Mucor circinelloides), Ascomycota (species of the genera cf. Tlielebolus, Talaromyces), representatives of the Anamorphic fungi group (Geomyces pannorum, species of the genera Alternaria, Acremonium, Aspergillus, Penicillium, and Cladosporium) were isolated from Antarctic samples. Microscopic fungi Penicillium spp. were dominated after the frequency in the studied samples (54.5%). Rhodotorula rubra and Candida sp. among isolated yeast fungi, and dark pigmented fungi represented by Aureobasidium pulhdans and Exophiala spp. were identified. The biological properties of a number of isolated fungi (the potential ability to synthesise important biologically active substances: melanins, carotenoids, lipids) are characterised. Mycobiota of rock communities of Argentine Islands is rich on filamentous and yeast fungi similarly to other regions of Antarctica. A number of fungi investigated are potentially able to synthesise biologically active substances. The dark pigmented species of the genera Cladosporium, Exophiala, Aureobasidium pulhdans, capable of melanin synthesis; ‘red’ yeast Rhodotorula rubra (carotenoid producers and resistant to toxic metals); Mucor circinelloides and Geomyces pannorum, lipid producers, are among these fungi. Yeast-like fungi assimilated a wide range of carbohydrates, which will allow them to be further used for cultivation in laboratory and process conditions. The collection of technologically promising strains of microorganisms, part of the Culture Collection of Fungi at Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Ukraine), is updated with isolated species (strains) of filamentous fungi and yeast – potential producers of biologically active substances, obtained within this study.

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