scholarly journals Antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci in pediatric hospitals

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 272-275
Author(s):  
Nataliya A. Gordinskaya ◽  
E.V. Belyaeva ◽  
E.V. Boriskina ◽  
D.V. Kryazhev
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Children's Hospitals ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Children’S Hospitals ◽  
Intermediate Resistance ◽  
Resistant Strains

Objective. To determine frequency of Staphylococcus isolation and antimicrobial resistance in hospitalized children with different types of infections. Materials and Methods. Species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing in staphylococci were performed on a WalkAway 96 analyzer using Pos Combo type 20 tablets, and mecA gene detection was performed on a RotorGene 6000 amplifier with a set of AmpliSens MRSA-screen FL. Results. A total of 876 strains of staphylococci isolated in children’s hospitals were tested. The species and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci were studied. The most common types of staphylococci were: S. aureus – 36.0%, S. epidermidis – 23.0%, S. haemolyticus – 19.7%, S. hominis – 14.0%. As many as 35.3% of isolates were methicillin-resistant, while 32.9% of methicillin-resistant S. aureus was detected, and 65.6% of methicillin-resistant strains were among the most frequently isolated coagulase-negative staphylococci. The mecA gene was detected in 97.1% of phenotypically methicillin-resistant strains. Antibiotic resistance of S. aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci circulating in children’s hospitals is very high. Two strains of S. aureus with intermediate resistance to vancomycin (MIC = 4 mcg/ml) and one S. aureus with resistance to linezolid (MIC = 8 mcg/ ml) were isolated. Among coagulase-negative staphylococci, two strains with intermediate resistance to vancomycin (MIC = 8 mcg/ml), two resistant to vancomycin (MIC = 16 mcg/ml), and 6 strains resistant to linezolid (MIC from 8 to 32 mcg/ml) were identified. Conclusions. Antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci in children’s hospitals does not depend on the species, more than half of the isolated isolates are methicillin-resistant. During the reporting period, staphylococci resistant to vancomycin and linezolid were identified, which requires resistance mechanisms to be determined.

Species diversity and antibiotic resistance of Staphylococci isolated in children of the first month of life in children’s hospitals in Nizhny Novgorod

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
N. A. Gordinskaya ◽  
E. V. Boriskina ◽  
D. V. Kryazhev
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Species Diversity ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Children's Hospitals ◽  
Children’S Hospitals ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Resistant Strains

1235 strains of Staphylococci isolated in a multidisciplinary children’s clinic were analyzed. The species and antibiotic resistance of Golden and coagulase-negative Staphylococci were studied. The most frequently identified species were: S. aureus-36.06%, S. epidermidis-23.05%, S. haemolyticus-19.7%, S. hominis-14.03%. Phenotype methicillinsensitive strains had 48.9% of the allocated staphylococci, while metitillinrezistentnykh S. aureus was identified in 25.6%, and coagulase-negative staphylococci methicillinresistant- 63.2 per cent. The frequency of associated resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, macrolides and tetracyclines have metitillinresictant strains 92,7%, 78,3%, 83,4% and 52,05% respectively, resistant Staphylococcus and coagulase-negative staphylococci were similar. The minimum number of resistant strains was found in relation to daptomycin, no strains resistant to vancomycin and linezolid were found. Antibiotic resistance of staphylococci in children’s hospitals is determined by the presence of the mecA gene or sensitivity to cefoxitin and does not depend on the type of strain.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Profile and Biofilm Production of Staphylococcus pseudintermedius Isolated from Dogs in Thailand

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 592
Author(s):  
Pavarish Jantorn ◽  
Hawaree Heemmamad ◽  
Tanawan Soimala ◽  
Saowakon Indoung ◽  
Jongkon Saising ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Staphylococcus Pseudintermedius ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
Southern Thailand ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Suitable Treatment ◽  
Resistant Strains

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is a zoonotic pathogen that can cause life-threatening infections in animals and humans. The study of methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP) and its ability to produce biofilms is important to select the most suitable treatment. The prevalence and characteristics of S. pseudintermedius isolated from dogs admitted at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Prince of Songkla University, Thailand were assessed. Results showed that 28.30% (15/53) of the isolates were MRSP. Amplification of the mecA gene was observed in 93.33% (14/15) MRSP. Methicillin-resistant strains revealed co-resistant patterns against other antibiotics, including chloramphenicol, clindamycin, tetracycline, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and trimethoprim. In this study, all bacterial isolates produced biofilms, while 90.55% of S. pseudintermedius isolates were strong or moderate biofilm producers. Most (45–60%) of the resistant strains were strong biofilm producers, while the correlation between biofilm production and antibiotic resistance was not statistically significant. This is the first study in southern Thailand to investigate the drug-resistant profile of S. pseudintermedius and its ability to form biofilm. The results will contribute to a better understanding of the emergence and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in S. pseudintermedius.

scholarly journals Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci in healthy dogs

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Siugzdaite ◽  
A. Gabinaitiene
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Phenotypic Properties ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Healthy Dogs ◽  
Resistance Rates

The objective of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococci in healthy dogs and to determine whether methicillin-resistant staphylococci expressed the mecA gene. Nasal and rectal swab samples were taken from 50 clinically healthy dogs. The prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococci was evaluated according to phenotypic properties. The agar diffusion method was applied to evaluate antimicrobial resistance and the prevalence of methicillin resistance was determined using PCR analysing the mecA gene. A total of 59 coagulase-negative staphylococcus strains were isolated from the nostrils and rectums of 37 (74%) clinically healthy dogs. The prevalence of coagulase-negative staphylococci in female dogs was significantly higher compared with male dogs (P < 0.05). The results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that 6.7% of the strains were resistant to oxacillin, 23.7% were resistant to penicillin, 22% to ampicillin and 16.9% to erythromycin. The mecA PCR revealed one oxacillin-sensitive and four oxacillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci strains to be mecA carriers. Staphylococcus sciuri (60%) and Staphylococcus warneri (20%) were the most prevalent species among methicillin-resistant coagulase negative staphylococci. High antimicrobial resistance rates for these bacteria were observed against penicillin (100%), ampicillin (100%), oxacillin (80%), erythromycin (80%) and gentamicin (60%). All strains were susceptible to vancomycin and enrofloxacin. It is assumed that methicillin-resistance genes evolved in coagulase-negative staphylococcus and were then horizontally transferred among staphylococci.

scholarly journals Virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from drinking water

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuzana Čuvalová ◽  
Monika Pipová ◽  
Miriam Kantíková ◽  
Andrea Brtková ◽  
Jozef Fajber
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Virulence Factors ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Distribution Networks ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Chlorinated Drinking Water

AbstractLittle has been published about the occurrence, speciesidentification, andpathogenicpotentialofcoagulasenegative staphylococci (CoNS) present in drinking water. In this study, ten species were identified among 57 isolates of staphylococci from 756 samples of chlorinated drinking water taken from public distribution networks in the Slovak Republic. S. warneri (37%), S. haemolyticus (23%), and S. saprophyticus ssp. saprophyticus (14%) were identified most frequently. Isolates did not produce coagulase, DNase, or hyaluronidase; production of gelatinase and lecithinase was observed in 28 and 22 isolates, respectively. Genetically encoded ability for production of enterotoxin SED was revealed in two isolates. Among ten antibiotics tested, resistance to ampicillin (66.7%), penicillin (64.9%), and erythromycin (57.9%) were observed most frequently. Resistance to gentamicin, vancomycin, or clindamycin was not confirmed. Production of β-lactamase was observed in 64.9% of isolates. Fourty-two isolates were resistant to two or more antibiotics tested, and eight isolates showed multiresistance. The presence of mecA gene was confirmed in 8 isolates, while PBP2a was revealed in 7. Two isolates of S. epidermidis were identified as methicillin-resistant (MRSE). The results demonstrate that CoNS in chlorinated drinking water may possess virulence factors and show resistance to various antibiotics. Therefore, their pathogenic potential should not be ignored.

Antimicrobial Resistance among Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci Isolated from the First Bethune Hospital

2011 ◽  
Vol 268-270 ◽  
pp. 1948-1950
Author(s):  
Jian Cheng Xu ◽  
Man Zhang ◽  
Ran Liang ◽  
Qi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Clinical Microbiology ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Hospital Acquired ◽  
Multiple Antibiotics

Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are among the most frequently isolated bacterial species in clinical microbiology, and most CNS-related infections are hospital acquired. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antibiotic resistance profiles of CNSisolated in the First Bethune Hospital. Disk diffusion method was used to study the antimicrobial resistance. The data were analyzed by WHONET 5 software according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI). The majority of 2484 strains of CNSwere collected from blood (925, 37.2%), secretions (652, 26.2%) , urine (323, 13.0%) and pus (250, 10.1%). The percentage of methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) was 80.5％. All the CNS isolates were sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin. MRCNS strains were frequently resistant to multiple antibiotics. Antimicrobial resistance of MRCNS was more serious than that of methicillin-sensitive coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MSCNS). These results suggest that surveillance of antimicrobial resistance among CNS is necessary.

scholarly journals Comparison of Antibiotic Resistance Profile and Biofilm Production of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Derived from Human Specimens and Animal-Derived Samples

Antibiotics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Vitale ◽  
Paola Galluzzo ◽  
Patrizia Giuseppina Buffa ◽  
Eleonora Carlino ◽  
Orazio Spezia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Biofilm Production ◽  
New Antibiotics ◽  
Resistant Strains

Background: The diffusion of antimicrobial resistance is a significant concern for public health worldwide. Staphylococcus aureus represents a paradigm microorganism for antibiotic resistance in that resistant strains appear within a decade after the introduction of new antibiotics. Methods: Fourteen S. aureus isolates from human specimens and twenty-one from samples of animal origin, were compared for their antimicrobial resistance and biofilm capability. In addition, they were characterized at the molecular level to detect the antimicrobial resistance mecA gene and genes related with enterotoxin, toxin, and biofilm production. Results: Both phenotypic and molecular analysis showed main differences among human- and animal-derived isolates. Among the human-derived isolates, more multidrug-resistant isolates were detected and mecA gene, enterotoxin, and toxin genes were more prevalent. Different genes involved in biofilm production were detected with bap present only in animal-derived isolates and sasC present in both isolates, however, with a higher prevalence in the human-derived isolates. Biofilm capability was higher in human-derived isolates mainly associated to the sasC gene. Conclusions: The overall results indicate that human S. aureus isolates are more virulent and resistant than the isolates of animal origin randomly selected with no infection anamnesis. This study confirms that selection for more virulent and resistant S. aureus strains is related to the clinical practice.

Phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci from bovine milk

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Kot ◽  
M. Piechota ◽  
K.M. Wolska ◽  
A. Frankowska ◽  
E. Zdunek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Phenotypic Resistance ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Subclinical Symptoms

AbstractThe aim of this study was to examine phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci from milk samples from cows with subclinical and clinical mastitis and from cows without mastitis symptoms to methicillin, tetracyclines, macrolides and lincosamides (ML). Of 207 strains, including 34S. aureusand 173 coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS), 11 (6.4%) CNS strains were phenotypically resistant to methicillin. ThemecAgene was detected by PCR only in twoS. xylosusstrains and one strain ofS. epidermidisandS. simulans. No methicillin-resistantS. aureusstrains were observed. In methicillin-resistant strains withmecA,gene resistance to other investigated antibiotics was not observed. Phenotypic resistance to tetracycline was detected in 11.0% of CNS strains and 47.4% of them carried thetetKgene. Of 173 CNS strains studied, 27 (15.6%) were resistant to at least one ML antibiotic. The resistance geneermCwas detected in 55.5% of the 27 ML-resistant strains. TheermAandermBgenes were detected in 14.8% and 11.1% of ML-resistant CNS strains, respectively. Antimicrobial resistance to methicillin, tetracyclines and macrolides was detected more frequently in staphylococcal strains from clinical mastitis compared to animals with subclinical symptoms and without mastitis, while the resistance to lincosamides showed a similar frequency in all groups of cows. In conclusion, CNS species from bovine milk differ in phenotypic and genotypic antimicrobial resistance profiles, and the use of PCR technique alone for the detection of methicillin, macrolide, lincosamide and tetyracycline resistance in CNS from cattle is not reliable.

Staphylococcus aureus community-onset pneumonia in patients admitted to children's hospitals during autumn and winter of 2006–2007

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 666-672 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. KALLEN ◽  
C. REED ◽  
M. PATTON ◽  
K. E. ARNOLD ◽  
L. FINELLI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Influenza Infection ◽  
Respiratory Specimen ◽  
Children's Hospitals ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Children’S Hospitals ◽  
Sterile Site ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Community Onset

SUMMARYStaphylococcus aureus is a relatively uncommon cause of community-onset pneumonia (COP) that may complicate influenza infection. We reviewed admissions to children's hospitals to describe more systematically this entity. Records of patients hospitalized at three children's hospitals between 1 October 2006 and 30 April 2007 who had a positive S. aureus culture from a sterile site or respiratory specimen were reviewed and data were abstracted for episodes of primary S. aureus COP. Overall, 30 episodes met criteria for primary S. aureus COP; 12 (41%) involved methicillin-resistant S. aureus. Patients in 11 (37%) episodes were seen by a healthcare provider for their symptoms prior to hospital admission; three received an antimicrobial, none of which had activity against the S. aureus isolated. Mechanical ventilation was required in 21 (70%) episodes; five (17%) patients died. When evaluating patients with severe COP, providers should be aware of the potential for S. aureus, including methicillin-resistant strains.

Comparison of Cell Sizes of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus with Presence and Absence of the MecA Gene

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-77
Author(s):  
O. Berhilevych ◽  
◽  
V. Kasianchuk ◽  
M. Kukhtyn ◽  
P. Shubin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Cell Size ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Wide Range

Staphylococcus aureus is a pathogenic microorganism that causes a wide range of infectious diseases of humans and animals. Staphylococcus aureus produces a large number of toxins, in particular enterotoxins, which enter the body together with food and cause disorders in the gastrointestinal tract. Moreover, S. aureus has several mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, which greatly complicates prevention of bacteria spread as community-acquired and nosocomial infections. The aim of the work was to determine and compare the differences in size of methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus with different resistance mechanisms by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Methods. Disc diffusion method was used to establish the mechanism of antibiotic resistance of the obtained isolates. After description of antibiotic resistant and selection of S. aureus isolates with resistance to penicillin and oxicilin, an SEM of the strains and a further comparison of their morphological characteristics, in particular cell size, with the help of Djmaizer v.5.1.10 software was carried out. Results. 54 isolates of S. aureus, obtained from various environmental objects, dairy farms and food products, were tested. PCR revealed sequences of the mecA gene, which is responsible for bacteria resistance to beta-lactams. We determined the cells size of S. aureus isolates resistant to penicillin and oxycillin and performed a comparative analysis of their morphological characteristics using SEM. Conclusions. In the course of the study, it was found that S. aureus isolates with mecA gene (mecA+) have smaller cell size than S. aureus isolates without mecA gene (mecA-).

scholarly journals Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Mechanisms of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from Selected Hospitals in Ashanti Region, Ghana.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Crystal Ngofi Zumbi ◽  
Vivian Etsiapa Boamah ◽  
Yaw Duah Boakye ◽  
Hayford Odoi ◽  
Christian Agyare
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Efflux Pump ◽  
Meca Gene ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Ashanti Region

Abstract Background: Antibiotic resistance in bacteria has long been recognized as a major health problem occurring worldwide. The emergence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) remains a global health problem. MRSA is reported as one of the leading pathogens involved in increased rates of morbidity and mortality amongst patients in Ghana. This study determined the prevalence and resistance mechanisms of MRSA isolated from patients in selected hospitals in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. Antibiograms of the isolates were determined using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Antibiotic resistance genes (mecA and mecC) were detected and efflux pump activity assessed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and microbroth dilution methods, respectively. Results: Out of 626 samples obtained from patients, S. aureus was identified in 68, representing 10.9%. Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 46 (67.6%) of the S. aureus isolates of which 28 (60.9%) were Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The MRSA isolates showed higher susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (50%) and higher resistance to oxacillin and cefoxitin (100%). mecA gene was identified in 9 (32.1%) of the MRSA isolates whereas mecC gene was absent in all the isolates. The isolates did not exhibit any multiple efflux pump activities. Conclusion: The prevalence of MDR-MRSA in S. aureus infections at healthcare facilities in the Ashanti region was found to be high. The presence of the mecA gene was identified as a possible mechanism responsible for resistance in the MRSA isolates.

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